英文药名: Androgel (Testosterone Gel)
中文药名: 睾酮凝胶

药物介绍
睾酮素凝胶1%为一睾酮素置换疗法，适应症为先天及后天的内生睾酮素缺乏症。
注意！睾酮素凝胶1%(AndroGel)乾燥时会燃烧, 该药物为以乙醇作为基剂的凝胶，具有燃烧性，患者应该远离火源
AndroGel是一种每日一次、透明无味的局部用睾丸激素凝胶，美国食品与药品管理局（FDA）在2000年批准该药用于男性睾丸激素缺乏或不足引起的各种症状的替代疗法。AndroGel是第一个获得FDA批准的睾丸激素凝胶，该药也是美国销售排名第一的睾丸激素替代治疗药物。
AndroGel是第一个也是目前唯一的一个睾丸激素凝胶药物，该药为一种非气雾剂的可以定量的泵，每次压迫泵一次可以释放1.25克睾丸激素凝胶。AndroGel还有2.5克和5克两种包装。这为患者提供了两种不同的用药选择，这也使医生在决定每天5到7.5克或7.5到10克剂量的药物时选择性更大。
低睾丸激素综合症包括性欲低下、肌肉无力、骨密度降低、情绪低沉和疲劳等。患有糖尿病、肥胖或高血压等慢性疾病的男性较正常男性更容易患睾丸激素低下综合症。AndroGel不能用于患有乳腺癌或者前列腺癌的男性患者。该药不宜用于女性，而且该药对于女性的各种影响均未研究，因此该药禁止用于女性。老年患者使用该药会增加前列腺增生或前列腺癌的患病几率。

有关该药更多的安全性信息请参考该药的处方信息。

什么是睾固酮, 为什么要补充睾固酮，是不是越多越好？
男性荷尔蒙中，最重要的一种就是睾固酮。其作用包括增进肌肉量与强度、改变体脂肪的比率与分布、维持骨密度、促进红血球制造、刺激体毛生长、调节男性生殖功能等。同时它也会影响情绪，睾固酮过低时容易郁闷、提不起劲、丧失性欲，过高时则容易冲动、具有攻击性倾向等。但因为人体有自动调控荷尔蒙量的恒定机制，如果血中睾固酮长时间高于正常生理范围时，会使下视丘的“促性腺激素”减少分泌。补充过多时，反而会压抑自身生产的荷尔蒙量，将来一旦停用，会使血中睾固酮值掉得更厉害。
男性荷尔蒙过高会变成超人吗？并不会。补充睾固酮可改善因缺乏睾固酮所致的倦怠、情绪低落等症状，但补充过量不但无法得到超乎常人的体能，反而会出现攻击性等负面的作用。。

本品初次使用, 有什么感觉？
涂抺完毕后, 涂抹部位会于2分钟左右恢复干爽, 30 分钟即可感觉药效, 除了勃起容易外, 精神活力会比从前大增, 但仍建议连续使用一星期, 让体内荷尔蒙调整适应, 疗程结束后, 可停药评估。

哪些人需考虑补充睾固酮
出现男性更年期症状，影响生活品质。
勃起功能障碍，以PDE5抑制剂(威而钢、犀利士、乐威壮)单独治疗效果不佳。
有中央性肥胖、第二型糖尿病，或代谢症候群，且睾固酮值偏低者。

什么是肝脏首渡效应(first-pass effect)
其他型式如口服等荷尔蒙投予由于吸收后第一关会先到肝脏，大部份的睾固酮会在此被分解，这就是肝脏首渡效应(first-pass effect)。首渡效应使得口服剂形的生物可利用率低(只有服用的一小部份发挥作用)，所以肝功能不佳的患者须慎用, 而Androgel昂斯妥凝胶并不会产生肝脏首渡效应。

Androgel昂斯妥凝胶与其他产品最大的不同为何
Androgel昂斯妥凝胶可长效吸收, 不伤肝脏, 更重要可维持稳定血中浓度, 药效持续, 使用极方便, 安全系数高, 不影响前列腺功能。

AndroGel
Generic Name: testosterone topical (patches and gel) (tes TOS ter one TOP i kul)
Brand Names: Androderm, AndroGel, FIRST-Testosterone, Testim, Testoderm

What is AndroGel?
AndroGel (testosterone) is a topical hormone gel. It works by replacing or supplementing the testosterone that is naturally made in the body. Testosterone is a naturally occurring male hormone necessary for many processes in the body.

AndroGel is used to treat conditions in men that result from a lack of natural testosterone.

AndroGel may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Important information about AndroGel
AndroGel should not be used by a woman or a child. Testosterone can cause birth defects in an unborn baby. A pregnant woman should avoid coming into contact with AndroGel, or with a man's skin areas where AndroGel has been applied. If contact does occur, wash with soap and water right away.

Topical testosterone is absorbed through the skin and can cause side effects or symptoms of male features in a child or woman who comes into contact with the medication. Call your doctor if a person who has close contact with you develops enlarged genitals, premature pubic hair, increased libido, aggressive behavior, male-pattern baldness, excessive body hair growth, increased acne, irregular menstrual periods, or any signs of male characteristics.

Before using AndroGel
Do not use AndroGel if you are allergic to testosterone patches or gels, or if you have prostate cancer or male breast cancer.

If you have certain conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely use AndroGel. Before using this medication, tell your doctor if you have:
diabetes;
sleep apnea or chronic breathing problems;
liver disease or kidney disease; or
if you are overweight.

FDA pregnancy category X. AndroGel should not be used by a woman. Testosterone can cause birth defects in an unborn baby. A pregnant woman should avoid coming into contact with AndroGel, or with a man's skin areas where the gel has been applied. If contact does occur, wash with soap and water right away.

See also: Pregnancy and breastfeeding warnings in more detail

Older men who use AndroGel may have an increased risk of prostate enlargement or cancer. If you are over 65, talk with your doctor about your specific risk. Do not use this medicine on a boy younger than 15 years old.

How should I use AndroGel?
Use AndroGel exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not use the medication in larger amounts, or use it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the instructions on your prescription label.

AndroGel comes with patient instructions for safe and effective use. Follow these directions carefully. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.

Apply the AndroGel at the same time each day (preferably in the morning) to clean, dry, unbroken skin on the shoulders or upper arms. Open the gel pouch, and squeeze the entire contents onto the palm of your hand. Apply the gel right away and allow it to dry for at least 5 minutes before you dress. Wash your hands with soap and water after applying the gel.

Do not apply AndroGel to your penis or your scrotum.

It is best to cover treated skin areas with clothing while using AndroGel. This will help prevent getting this medicine on other people. If someone else does come into contact with a treated skin area, they must wash the contact area right away with soap and water.

To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood will need to be tested on a regular basis. Your prostate or liver function may also need to be tested. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.

It is important to use AndroGel regularly to get the most benefit. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely.

Store this medication at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

What happens if I miss a dose?
Apply the gel as soon as you remember. If it is almost time to apply your next dose, skip the missed dose and apply the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not use extra gel to make up the missed dose.

What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. An overdose of AndroGel applied to the skin is not expected to produce life-threatening symptoms.

What should I avoid while using AndroGel?
Do not apply AndroGel to your penis or your scrotum.

Avoid swimming, bathing, or showering for at least 5 hours after applying AndroGel.

Testosterone gel may be flammable. Avoid using near open flame, and do not smoke until the gel has completely dried on your skin.

AndroGel side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using AndroGel and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
problems with urination;
swelling of your ankles;
frequent, prolonged, or bothersome erections; or
nausea, stomach pain, low fever, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

Topical testosterone is absorbed through the skin and can cause symptoms of male features in a woman or child who comes into contact with the medication. Call your doctor if your female partner has male-pattern baldness, excessive body hair growth, increased acne, irregular menstrual periods, or any other signs of male characteristics.

Less serious AndroGel side effects may include:
breast swelling or tenderness;
increased acne or hair growth;
headache, depressed mood; or
changes in your sex drive.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: Androgel side effects in more detail

What other drugs will affect AndroGel?
Before using AndroGel, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:
insulin;
a blood thinner (warfarin, Coumadin);
oxyphenbutazone (Tandearil); or
a corticosteroid such as methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol, Medrol, Solu-Medrol), prednisone (Deltasone, Orasone, others), and others.

This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with AndroGel. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

Where can I get more information?
Your pharmacist can provide more information about AndroGel.

Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.
Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.