药理作用
本品为注射用第二代头孢菌素，对肺炎球菌、溶血性链球菌、草绿色链球菌、淋球菌、脑膜炎球菌、消化球菌和消化链球菌等革兰阳性菌均有较强抗菌活性，其抗菌作用较第一代头孢菌素为强或相似。对金葡菌的抗菌作用较头孢唑啉为差，对耐甲氧西林金葡菌的抗菌活性差。肠球菌和李斯忒菌均对本品耐药。头孢呋辛对大肠杆菌、奇异变形杆菌、普罗菲登菌和肺炎杆菌均有较好的抗菌活性，对产生和不产β内酰胺酶的流感嗜血杆菌均有较强活性，最低抑菌浓度(MlC)＜0.2～0.8mg/L，约 95％的淋球菌(包括产β内酰胺酶株)可为0.25mg/L的本品所抑制。普通变形杆菌、枸椽酸杆菌和不动杆菌的抗菌活性略差，沙雷菌属和绿脓杆菌对本品耐药。

适应症
临床应用于敏感的革兰阴性菌所致的下呼吸道、泌尿系、皮肤和软组织、骨和关节、女生殖器等部位的感染。对败血症、脑膜炎也有效。
临床用于敏感菌引起的感染,包括急慢性支气管炎、肺炎、肺脓肿、泌尿感染、眼耳鼻喉感染、骨和关节感染,妇科感染, 脑膜炎和败血症。对耐青霉素的淋病有良效。
本品适用于治疗敏感细菌所致的呼吸道、腹腔感染、尿路感染、骨和关节感染、皮肤软组织感染和败血症，亦可用于脑膜炎球菌、流感杆菌和肺炎球菌脑膜炎，但剂量宜较大。

不良反应
可引起肾损害,肾功能不全者应减少用量.可引起胃肠道反应：恶心,呕吐,食欲不振,腹胀,腹泻.也可有血色素降低及注射局部疼痛.
本品不良反应轻而短暂。皮疹、胃肠道反应较为常见，约 5％患者可能发生血清转氨酶升高，肌肉注射区疼痛较为多见，静脉注射发生静脉炎者罕见。

禁忌症
1．对青霉素过敏或过敏体质者慎用，对头孢菌素类过敏者禁用本品。
2．新生儿和肾功能减退者应用本品时剂量酌减。
3．孕妇慎用。

药物相互作用
不可与氨基糖甙类置同一容器中注射。本品与强利尿剂联合应用可致肾损害。

【原产地英文商品名】CEFTIN ORAL SUSP 250mg/5ml 100ml/bottle
【原产地英文药品名】CEFUROXIME AXETIL
【中文参考商品译名】
注：以下产品不同规格和不同价格，购买时请以电话咨询为准！
·CEFTIN口服混悬剂 125毫克/5毫升 100毫升/瓶
·CEFTIN口服混悬剂 250毫克/5毫升 100毫升/瓶
【中文参考药品译名】头孢呋辛酯
【生产厂家中文参考译名】葛兰素史克
【生产厂家英文名】GLAXOSMITHKLINE

Ceftin
Generic Name: cefuroxime (SEF ue ROX eem)
Brand Names: Ceftin

What is Ceftin?
Ceftin is in a group of drugs called cephalosporin (SEF a low spor in) antibiotics. It works by fighting bacteria in your body.

Ceftin is used to treat many kinds of bacterial infections, including severe or life-threatening forms.

Ceftin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

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What is the most important information I should know about Ceftin?
Do not take Ceftin if you are allergic to cefuroxime, or to similar antibiotics, such as Cefzil, Keflex, Omnicef, and others.
Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs (especially penicillin). Also tell your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease, diabetes, a history of intestinal problems, or if you are malnourished.

Ceftin can make birth control pills less effective, which may result in pregnancy. Tell your doctor if you are taking birth control pills to prevent pregnancy. You may need to use another form of birth control during treatment with Ceftin.

Take this medication for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor. Your symptoms may get better before the infection is completely treated. Ceftin will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu.

Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or has blood in it, call your doctor. Do not use any medicine to stop the diarrhea unless your doctor has told you to.

Ceftin can cause you to have false results with certain medical tests, including urine glucose (sugar) tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using Ceftin.

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What should I discuss with my health care provider before taking Ceftin?
Do not take Ceftin if you are allergic to cefuroxime, or to other cephalosporin antibiotics, such as:
cefaclor (Raniclor);
cefadroxil (Duricef);
cefazolin (Ancef);
cefdinir (Omnicef);
cefditoren (Spectracef);
cefpodoxime (Vantin);
cefprozil (Cefzil);
ceftibuten (Cedax);
cephalexin (Keflex); or
cephradine (Velosef).

Before taking Ceftin, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs (especially penicillins), or if you have:
kidney disease;
liver disease;
a history of intestinal problems, such as colitis;
diabetes; or
if you are malnourished.

If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take Ceftin.

The oral suspension (liquid) form of Ceftin may contain phenylalanine. Talk to your doctor before using this form of cefuroxime if you have phenylketonuria (PKU).

FDA pregnancy category B. This medication is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment.
Ceftin can make birth control pills less effective, which may result in pregnancy. Tell your doctor if you are taking birth control pills to prevent pregnancy. You may need to use another form of birth control during treatment with Ceftin.

Ceftin can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

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How should I take Ceftin?
Take Ceftin exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

You may take Ceftin tablets with or without meals.

Ceftin oral suspension (liquid) must be taken with food. Shake the oral liquid well just before you measure a dose. To be sure you get the correct dose, measure the liquid with a marked measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. If you switch from using the tablet form to using the oral suspension (liquid) form of Ceftin, you may not need to use the same exact dosage in number of milligrams. The medication may not be as effective unless you use the exact form and strength your doctor has prescribed. Use this medication for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor. Your symptoms may get better before the infection is completely treated. Ceftin will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu.

This medication can cause you to have false results with certain medical tests, including urine glucose (sugar) tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using Ceftin.

Store Ceftin tablets at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Store Ceftin oral liquid in the refrigerator. Do not allow it to freeze. Throw away any unused medication that is older than 10 days.

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What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the medication as soon as you remember the missed dose. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and use the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

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What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include seizure (black-out or convulsions).

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What should I avoid while taking Ceftin?
Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or has blood in it, call your doctor. Do not use any medicine to stop the diarrhea unless your doctor has told you to.

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Ceftin side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
diarrhea that is watery or bloody;
fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms;
chest pain, fast or pounding heartbeats;
unusual bleeding;
blood in your urine;
seizure (convulsions);
pale or yellowed skin, dark colored urine, fever, confusion or weakness;
jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
fever, sore throat, and headache with a severe blistering, peeling, and red skin rash;
skin rash, bruising, severe tingling, numbness, pain, muscle weakness;
increased thirst, loss of appetite, swelling, weight gain, feeling short of breath; or
painful or difficult urination, urinating less than usual or not at all.

Less serious Ceftin side effects may include:
nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, mild diarrhea, gas, upset stomach;
cough, stuffy nose;
stiff or tight muscles, muscle pain;
joint pain or swelling;
headache, drowsiness;
feeling restless, irritable, or hyperactive;
white patches or sores inside your mouth or on your lips;
unusual or unpleasant taste in your mouth;
diaper rash in an infant taking liquid Ceftin;
mild itching or skin rash; or
vaginal itching or discharge.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: Ceftin side effects (in more detail)

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What other drugs will affect Ceftin?
Before taking Ceftin, tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following drugs:
probenecid (Benemid);
a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin);
a medication that reduces stomach acid, such as an antacid, or cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid), omeprazole (Prilosec), ranitidine (Zantac), and others; or
a diuretic (water pill) such as bumetanide (Bumex), furosemide (Lasix), indapamide (Lozol), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDiuril, Hyzaar, Lopressor, Vasoretic, Zestoretic), metolazone (Mykrox, Zarxolyn), spironolactone (Aldactazide, Aldactone), torsemide (Demadex), and others.

This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with Ceftin. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start taking a new medication without telling your doctor.

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Where can I get more information?
Your pharmacist can provide more information about Ceftin.

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects.