英文药名: Glucovance (Glyburide/Metformin Tablets)

中文药名: 格列本脲二甲双胍片

药品名称

药物名称: 复方盐酸二甲酸胍 GLUCOVANCE
其它名称: Glucovance,格列本脲二甲双胍片(1.25/250),安禾,二甲双胍格列本脲片(Ⅰ),泰比,二甲双胍格列本脲胶囊(Ⅰ),格爽,齐亭,拜康,联将,西瑞利,立将,立生源,利力乐,联合唐定,瑞联,双平乐,唐柯柠,万苏琪,威能,利力诺,Metformin Hydrochloride and Glibenclamide Tablets,绛兮,金平唐,二甲双胍格列本脲片(Ⅱ),复邦糖,惠络平,双鲸唐汀,双利,双优平醣,唐贝康,唐平,瑭结终,GLICONORM,利口诺,二甲双胍格列本脲片,长乐平,格万斯,降唐灵,美替倍达,思宜,唐百平,唐柏康,唐可捷,唐立克,维夷,星旺舒,亚邦贝维,一孚芸,宜沙宁,乙可夫,兆威,中宝益舒,二甲双胍格列本脲胶囊(Ⅱ),普乐康尼,可麦斯,拿迅,邦棠定,君复乐,双格宁,唐瑞平,棠苹,Glibenclamide and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets (1.25/250),Metformin Hydrochloride and Glibenclamide Capsules (Ⅰ),Metformin Hydrochloride and Glibenclamide Capsules (Ⅱ),Metformin Hydrochloride and Glibenclamide Tablets (Ⅰ),Metformin Hydrochloride and Glibenclamide Tablets (Ⅱ),甘利可夫,可麦宁,可瑞特,美佳特,适可一
成分: 盐酸二甲双胍、优降糖(格列本脲)
规格

二甲双胍格列本脲片(1)每片含格列本脲1.25mg、盐酸二甲双胍250mg。(2)每片含格列本脲2.5mg、盐酸二甲双胍500mg。(3)每片含格列本脲5mg、盐酸二甲双胍500mg。
适 应 症

用于Ⅱ型糖尿病的一线药物治疗。该药也可用于Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的二线治疗。
用法用量

成人
*常规剂量
*口服给药最大日剂量为10mg格列本脲/2000mg盐酸二甲双胍。
1.单纯饮食控制和/或运动疗法血糖水平未得到满意控制的2型糖尿病：初始剂量一次1.25mg格列本脲/250mg盐酸二甲双胍，一日1次，进食时服用；对于基线糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)高于9%或空腹血糖(FPG)高于2g/L的初次治疗患者，初始剂量一次1.25mg格列本脲/250mg盐酸二甲双胍，一日2次，早晚进食时服用。每隔2周可增加日剂量，直至达到最小的有效治疗剂量。
2.单用磺酰脲类药或盐酸二甲双胍治疗血糖水平未得到满意控制的2型糖尿病：初始剂量一次2.5mg格列本脲/500mg盐酸二甲双胍或5mg格列本脲/1000mg盐酸二甲双胍，一日2次，早晚进食时服用。初始剂量不可超过之前使用的磺酰脲类药或盐酸二甲双胍的日剂量。之后可逐渐增量，每次增量不超过2.5mg格列本脲/500mg盐酸二甲双胍，直至达到最小的有效治疗剂量。
*老年人剂量
老年患者不可使用最大剂量。
[国外用法用量参考]
成人
*常规剂量
*口服给药最大日剂量为20mg格列本脲/2000mg盐酸二甲双胍。
1.单纯饮食控制和/或运动疗法血糖水平未得到满意控制的2型糖尿病：参见国内用法用量。
2.单用磺酰脲类药或盐酸二甲双胍治疗血糖水平未得到满意控制的2型糖尿病：初始剂量一次2.5mg格列本脲/500mg盐酸二甲双胍或5mg格列本脲/500mg盐酸二甲双胍，一日2次，早晚进食时服用。初始剂量不可超过之前使用的磺酰脲类药或盐酸二甲双胍的日剂量。之后可逐渐增量，每次增量不超过5mg格列本脲/500mg盐酸二甲双胍，直至达到最小的有效治疗剂量。
给药说明

1.静脉肾孟造影或动脉造影前、重大手术前禁用本药。
2.本药可减少肠道对维生素B12的吸收，故用药期间应适量补充维生素B12。
3.用药期间避免过量饮酒。
4.用药期间若出现迷走神经疾病，应立即检查是否为酮症酸中毒或乳酸性酸中毒，此时应评估血浆电解质酮类及血糖水平。若出现血浆PH值降低或血中乳酸盐、丙酮酸盐和二甲双胍水平升高，应立即停药，并对症治疗。
5.格列本脲使用过量可出现低血糖，中度低血糖患者应立即口服葡萄糖并调节给药剂量和饮食方式；重度低血糖患者应立即静脉注射50%葡萄糖溶液，当血糖水平大于等于1g/L后，静脉注射10%葡萄糖溶液，并监护患者至少24-48小时。盐酸二甲双胍使用过量可出现乳酸性酸中毒，透析有助于其清除。
不良反应

1.可见低血糖，当肝肾功能不全、热量摄取不足、剧烈运动未及时补充热量、合用其它降糖药或乙醇时更易发生。
2.还可见口腔金属味、恶心、呕吐、胃痛、腹泻、吸收不良、乏力、疲倦、头晕、头痛、巨红细胞贫血、皮疹。
3.少见黄疸、肝功能损害、骨髓抑制(粒细胞减少、血小板减少)、乳酸性酸中毒。
[国外不良反应参考]
1.中枢神经系统9%-13%的患者出现头痛，6%-19%的患者出现眩晕。
2.代谢/内分泌系统罕见乳酸性酸中毒。
3.呼吸系统17%的患者出现上呼吸道感染，但因果关系不明。
4.胃肠道可见恶心、呕吐、腹泻、腹痛、胃肠胀气和消化不良。
注意事项

1.禁忌症
(1)对本药任一成分过敏者。
(2)肾脏疾病或严重肾功能不全患者(男性血清肌酸酐≥15mg/L，女性血清肌酸酐≥14mg/L；或肌酐清除率异常)。
(3)充血性心力衰竭患者。
(4)急慢性代谢性酸中毒患者。
(5)低血压或缺氧患者。
(6)1型糖尿病患者。
(7)儿童。
(8)孕妇。
(9)哺乳期妇女。
(10)严重肝功能不全患者不宜使用。
2.慎用
(1)肾上腺或垂体功能不全患者。
(2)中至重度外周血管疾病患者。
(3)中至重度肺疾病患者。
(4)因感染、发热、创伤或手术导致的应激患者。
(5)年老体弱或营养不良患者。(以上均选自国外资料)
3.药物对妊娠的影响孕妇禁用。
4.药物对哺乳的影响哺乳期妇女禁用。
5.用药前后及用药时应当检查或监测用药期间应检查肾功能、肝功能、血糖、眼。

 
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General Info:
Glucovance is a combination of two oral diabetes medicines that help control blood sugar levels. Glucovance is for people with type 2 diabetes who do not use daily insulin injections. This medication is not for treating type 1 diabetes.

Do not use Glucovance if you have congestive heart failure or kidney disease, or if you are in a state of diabetic ketoacidosis (call your doctor for treatment with insulin).

Glucovance is only part of a complete program of treatment that also includes diet, exercise, and weight control. It is important to use this medicine regularly to get the most benefit. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely.

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these symptoms of lactic acidosis: weakness, increasing sleepiness, slow heart rate, cold feeling, muscle pain, shortness of breath, stomach pain, feeling light-headed, and fainting. Stop using Glucovance and get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Glucovance Description
This anti-diabetic medicine is a combination of two medicines (a sulfonylurea and a biguanide). It is used along with a diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes). This medicine works by stimulating the release of your body's natural insulin and by restoring your body's proper response to insulin. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent heart disease, strokes, kidney disease, blindness, and circulation problems, as well as sexual function problems (impotence).

Glucovance Directions
Follow the directions for using this medicine provided by your doctor. This medicine may come with a patient leaflet. Ask your doctor, nurse or pharmacist any questions you may have about this medicine. TAKE THIS MEDICINE WITH A MEAL. DRINKING EXTRA FLUIDS while you are taking this medicine is recommended. Check with your doctor or nurse for instructions. Your dosage is based on your medical condition and your response to therapy. Use this medicine regularly in order to receive the most benefit from it. Taking this medicine at the same time each day will help you remember. STORE THIS MEDICINE in a tightly-closed container at room temperature 77 degrees F (25 degrees C), away from heat, moisture, and light. CONTINUE TO TAKE THIS MEDICINE even if you feel well. Do not miss any doses. IF YOU MISS A DOSE OF THIS MEDICINE, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do NOT take 2 doses at once.

Glucovance Cautions
DO NOT TAKE THIS MEDICINE if you have had an allergic reaction to it or are allergic to any ingredient in this product. Laboratory and/or medical tests may be performed to monitor your progress or to check for side effects. KEEP ALL DOCTOR AND LABORATORY APPOINTMENTS while you are taking this medicine. BEFORE YOU HAVE ANY MEDICAL OR DENTAL TREATMENTS, EMERGENCY CARE, OR SURGERY, OR IF YOU ARE SCHEDULED TO HAVE ANY X-RAY OR SCANNING PROCEDURE that requires the use of iodinated contrast dye, tell the doctor or dentist that you are taking this medicine. During times of stress, such as fever, infection, injury, or surgery, it may be more difficult to control your blood sugar. Consult your doctor as a change in your medicine may be needed. LIMIT ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES while using this medicine because they can increase the risk of developing hypoglycemia. Rarely, alcohol can interact with this medicine and cause a serious reaction with symptoms such as facial flushing, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or stomach pain. Consult your doctor or pharmacist about the safe use of alcohol. DO NOT DRIVE, OPERATE MACHINERY, OR DO ANYTHING ELSE THAT COULD BE DANGEROUS until you know how you react to this medicine. Taking this medicine alone, with other medicines, or with alcohol may lessen your ability to drive or to perform other potentially dangerous tasks. THIS MEDICINE MAY CAUSE increased sensitivity to the sun. Avoid exposure to the sun or sunlamps until you know how you react to this medicine. Use a sunscreen or protective clothing if you must be outside for a prolonged period. THIS MEDICINE MAY CAUSE HYPOGLYCEMIA (low blood sugar). Signs of hypoglycemia include increased heartbeat, headache, chills, sweating, tremor, increased hunger, changes in vision, nervousness, weakness, dizziness, drowsiness, or fainting. It is a good habit to carry glucose tablets or gel to treat low blood sugar. If you do not have a reliable source of glucose available, eat a quick source of sugar such as table sugar, honey, or candy, or drink a glass of orange juice or non-diet soda to quickly raise your blood sugar level. TELL YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY about the reaction. To prevent hypoglycemia, eat meals on a regular schedule and do not skip meals. BEFORE YOU BEGIN TAKING ANY NEW MEDICINE, either prescription or over-the-counter, check with your doctor or pharmacist. CAUTION IS ADVISED WHEN USING THIS MEDICINE IN THE ELDERLY since they may be more sensitive to the effects of this medicine, especially hypoglycemia. FOR WOMEN: IF YOU PLAN ON BECOMING PREGNANT, discuss with your doctor the benefits and risks of taking this medicine during pregnancy. If this medicine is taken during pregnancy, it should be stopped at least 2 weeks before the expected delivery date to minimize the risk of severe low blood sugar in the newborn infant. IT IS UNKNOWN IF THIS MEDICINE IS EXCRETED in breast milk. DO NOT BREAST-FEED while taking this medicine. MONITOR BLOOD GLUCOSE AND URINE KETONES on a regular basis, as directed by your doctor.

Glucovance Side Effects
SIDE EFFECTS, that may occur initially during treatment, include nausea, stomach upset, diarrhea, or weight gain. If they continue or are bothersome, check with your doctor. CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY if your stomach symptoms recur later (after you are taking the same dose for several days or weeks). A later recurrence of stomach symptoms may be due to lactic acidosis. CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY if you experience persistent sore throat or fever, easy bleeding or bruising, severe stomach pain, yellowing eyes or skin, dark urine, unusual tiredness or weakness, unusual or sudden weight gain, mental/mood changes, swelling of the hands or feet, or seizures. THIS MEDICINE CAN CAUSE LOW BLOOD SUGAR (hypoglycemia). This effect may occur if you do not consume enough calories (from food, juices, fruit, etc). The symptoms include chills, cold sweat, blurred vision, dizziness, drowsiness, shaking, rapid heartbeat, weakness, headache, fainting, tingling of the hands or feet, or hunger. It is a good habit to carry glucose tablets or gel to treat low blood sugar. If you are in a situation where you don't have these reliable forms of glucose, eat a quick source of sugar such as table sugar, honey, or candy, or drink a glass of orange juice or non-diet soda to quickly raise your blood sugar level. TELL YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY about the reaction. To help prevent hypoglycemia, eat meals on a regular schedule and do not skip meals. Symptoms of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) include thirst, increased urination, confusion, drowsiness, flushing, rapid breathing, or fruity breath odor. If these symptoms occur, TELL YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY. Your medicine dosage may need to be increased. AN ALLERGIC REACTION to this medicine is unlikely, but seek immediate medical attention if it occurs. Symptoms of an allergic reaction include rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, or trouble breathing. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist.

Glucovance Active Ingredients