英文药名: Biaxin(Clarithromycin Suspension)

中文药名: 克拉霉素口服液

生产厂家: Abbott

药品名称

英文药名: Biaxin, Clarithromycin
中文药名: 克拉霉素
药品说明

克拉霉素又名甲红霉素，是红霉素的衍生物，上世纪90年代初由日本大正公司开发成功，并以商品名Clarith注册。尔后，大正公司首先将其技术转让给美国雅培公司生产；1990年在爱尔兰、意大利上市，1991年10月获FDA批准定为IB类新药上市，商品名Biaxin，1993年以Klacid在中国香港上市，在欧洲和亚洲的商品名为克拉仙，目前已在全球50多个国家上市，市场用量稳步增长，并在临床中发挥了重要作用。克拉霉素及其片剂、胶囊已收载入中国药典2000年版（注：2005版药典收录在二部第232页），目前生产的剂型还有颗粒剂、分散片、缓释片、注射剂和干混悬剂。　　
克拉霉素具有高效、口服易于吸收，对酸稳定性好的特点，该药对革兰阳性菌的活性强，对酶稳定，在血清和肺组织中浓度高。临床证明体内活性是红霉素的6～10倍，是交沙霉素的14～35倍。并以改善生物利用度为特征，组织和细胞内分布极好、半衰期长，其不良反应发生率仅为3%，是用于治疗上呼吸道及下呼吸道和皮肤、软组织感染，已成为取代红霉素的大环内酯类抗生素品种。
此外，美国FDA已批准将克拉霉素与洛赛克合用，作为幽门螺旋杆菌引起的胃及十二指肠溃疡的治疗方案；该药也是治疗艾滋病患者感染的首选药物。
适应症

抗菌谱与红霉素相似，对胃酸稳定，对革兰阳性菌作用更强，对部分革兰阴性菌、链球菌属、支原体及衣原体等均有抗菌活性。对肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌、金葡菌、卡他莫拉菌、流感嗜血杆菌及肺炎支原体等有效。临床主用于支气管炎、肺炎、咽喉炎、扁桃体炎、支原体肺炎、皮肤及软组织感染、中耳炎、牙周炎、百日咳、猩红热。
用法用量　　

口服，成人，0.25g/次，2次/日；严重感染可增加至0.5g/次，2次/日，根据病情连续服用6～14日。儿童每日10mg～15mg/kg，分2～3次给予。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
副作用　　

1. 胃肠道反应有恶心、呕吐、胃部不适、腹胀，食欲不振及软便等，偶有转氨酶上升。 　　
2. 对大环内酯类药物有过敏史者慎用。如出现皮疹等过敏症状时须停药。 　　
3. 孕妇禁用，哺乳妇慎用。
规格

口服液：125mg/5 ml，250mg/5 ml。

Generic name: Clarithromycin
Brand names: Biaxin®, Klacid® and Claripen®

Description
Clarithromycin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. This antibiotic is chemically related to erythromycin and works by fighting bacteria in your body . The medicine is effective against a wide variety of bacteria organisms, like Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and many others. It works by killing or stopping the growth of sensitive bacteria by reducing the production of proteins needed by the bacteria to survive.
Available in tablet and suspension form

Uses

It is used to treat the following:
Pharyngitis
Acute maxillary sinusitis
Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
Tonsillitis
Pneumonia
Skin and skin structure infections
Used in HIV and AIDS patients to prevent, and treat, disseminated mycobacterium avium complex or MAC.
It is used in combination with Prilosec® in treating H. Pylori bacteria that leads to stomach ulcers.
How to use

Take as directed by your doctor. Usually recommended to be taken twice daily with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, you may take it with food or milk. Take this medicine at evenly spaced intervals.

Safety tips

Do not use Clarithromycin if you are allergic to any ingredient in Clarithromycin or any other medicine, foods or other substances .
Safe use in pregnancy has not been established. So do not take this medicine when you are pregnant or breast feeding.
Tell your doctor if you have diarrhea, a blood disorder, a stomach infection, severe kidney problems, or liver problems before taking this medicine.
Clarithromycin should not be used in children younger than 6 months old.
Side effects

Certain mild effects might occur while taking this medicine such as :
Abnormal taste
Diarrhea
Indigestion
Headache
Nausea
Stomach discomfort
Vomiting
Seek medical attention immediately if any of these severe side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions
Bloody stools
Decreased urination
Depression
Confusion Emotional or mood changes
Severe diarrhea
Severe stomach pain
Trouble sleeping
Disclaimer:The above information is for general understanding of the visitor. Please consult a registered medical practitioner before taking the aforesaid medicine.