部份中文环丝氨酸处方资料（仅供参考） 环丝氨酸是由美国礼来公司70年代初研制的产品，商品名为：Seromycin。1982年FDA批准美国礼来公司胶囊剂上市。 适应症 抗结核杆菌作用远比异烟肼、链霉素弱，但细菌对之不易产生耐药性，主要用于耐药结核杆菌的感染 用法用量 口服。常规剂量为每日500mg—1g，监控血药水平分次服用。成人首剂量常用250mg，每日两次，间隔12小时，服用2周。每日剂量不能超过1g。 注意事项 毒副作用大，主要为神经系统毒性反应，亦可有胃肠道反热等。 药理特点 本品是二线抗结核药物，能抑制结核杆菌生长，但作用相对一线药较弱，对结核病的疗效也较低，单用可产生耐药性，但耐药性比其他抗结核药发生缓慢，与其它抗结核药之间无交叉耐药性。其抗菌作用机制是抑制细菌细胞壁粘肽的合成，从而使细胞壁缺损。细菌细胞壁主要结构成分是胞壁粘肽，由N-乙酰葡萄糖胺（GNAc）和与五肽相连的N-乙酰胞壁酸（MNAc）重复交替联结而成。胞浆内粘肽前体的形成可被环丝氨酸所阻碍，环丝氨酸通过抑制D-丙氨酸的消旋酶和合成酶可阻碍N-乙酰胞壁酸五肽的形成。口服吸收较快，3-4小时血液浓度达到广泛分布到身体组织和体液之中，脑髓液中的药物浓度与血液中近似。大部分以原型从尿液中排出，约35%被代谢。最低抑菌浓度为25mg/L。 Seromycin (Cycloserine 250mg) SEROMYCIN Rx Generic Name and Formulations: Cycloserine 250mg; caps. Company: Lilly, Eli and Company Select therapeutic use: Tuberculosis Indications for SEROMYCIN: In conjunction with other chemotherapy, for the treatment of active pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (including renal disease) when the causative organisms are susceptible and when treatment with primary drugs (streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol) has proved inadequate. Adult: Initially 250mg twice daily at 12-hour intervals for the first 2 weeks. Usual dose: 500mg–1g daily in divided doses monitored by blood levels. Max 1g/day. Children: Not recommended. Contraindications: Epilepsy. Depression. Severe anxiety. Psychosis. Severe renal insufficiency. Excessive concurrent use of alcohol. Warnings/Precautions: Discontinue or reduce dose if allergic dermatitis or CNS toxicity develops. Ratio of toxic dose to effective dose is small. Monitor blood levels, hematologic, renal, and liver function. Obtain weekly blood levels in patients with reduced renal function, patients receiving >500mg daily dosage, or those showing signs/symptoms suggestive of toxicity. Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers: not recommended. Interactions: Neurotoxic effects with concomitant ethionamide. Increased risk of epileptic episodes with alcohol. Increased CNS effects with concomitant isoniazid; monitor closely. Pharmacological Class: Broad spectrum antibiotic Adverse Reactions: CNS effects (eg, convulsions, drowsiness, somnolence, headache, tremor, dysarthria, vertigo, confusion, psychoses, character changes, hyperirritability, aggression, paresis, hyperreflexia, paresthesia, seizures, coma), CHF, allergy, rash, elevated serum transaminase (esp. with preexisting liver disease), anemia (monitor). How Supplied: Caps—40 完整资料附件： 1）：https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=e1e08327-4b90-463e-bb2a-22438cabcef2 2）：https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/archives/fdaDrugInfo.cfm?archiveid=82778 ----------------------------------------------------- 产地国家： 美国  原产地英文商品名: SEROMYCIN 250mg/Capsules 40Capsules/Bottles 原产地英文药品名: CYCLOSERINE 中文参考商品译名: SEROMYCIN胶囊 250毫克/粒 40粒/瓶 中文参考药品译名: 环丝氨酸 生产厂家英文名: THE CHAO CENTER ------------------------------------------------ 产地国家：美国  原产地英文商品名: SEROMYCIN 250mg/Capsules 40Capsules/Bottles 原产地英文药品名: CYCLOSERINE 中文参考商品译名: SEROMYCIN胶囊 250毫克/粒 40粒/瓶 中文参考药品译名: 环丝氨酸  生产厂家英文名: Eli Lilly and Company