卡立普多（卡来梯，肌安宁，异氨甲丙二酯，异丙眠尔通）
 
英文名称：Carisoprodol(Carisoma,Kela,Soma)

作用与作用机制：
本品为中枢性肌肉松驰药，并具有镇静作用，其骨骼肌松驰的确切机制尚未明了，似与其镇静作用有关。 本品对痉挛性或运动障碍性运动病无效。

药动学：
口服吸收迅速，约30min起效，维持4-6h，本品主要在肝脏代谢，主要代谢物为甲氨酯，经肾脏排出。乳汁中亦有分泌。t1/2约8h。

注意事项：
(1)最常见的不良反应是嗜睡。初次给药偶可发生特异性反应如极度无力、一过民生四肢麻痹、头昏、共济失调，复视、精神错乱、定向力障碍等。 本品过量可致木僵、昏迷、休克、呼吸抑制甚至死亡，抢救措施类似甲丙氨酯。 (2)服用本品期间避免进行注意力须高度集中的活动如驾驶、登高、操作精密仪器等。 (3)妊娠和哺乳妇女、儿童及肝功能不全者慎用。急性血卟啉症患者标用。 (4)本品与甲丙氨酯有交叉反应，不良反应亦与之类似。

临床应用：
临床主要用作治疗局部肌肉痉挛性疼痛的辅助用药。常用抗炎与镇痛药合用。

用法计量：
口服：成人，350mg/次，4次/d。
 
Soma Compound
Generic Name: Aspirin/Carisoprodol (AS-pir-in/kar-EYE-soe-PROE-dol)
Brand Name: Soma Compound

Soma Compound is used for:
Relieving pain, muscle spasm, and limited movement caused by acute painful conditions of the bone and muscle.

Soma Compound is a muscle relaxant and analgesic combination. It works by blocking prostaglandin synthesis, which helps to reduce pain and inflammation. The sedative properties of carisoprodol may produce muscle relaxation, which helps to relieve pain.
Do NOT use Soma Compound if:
you are allergic to any ingredient in Soma Compound, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or to a carbamate (eg, meprobamate)
you have a history of serious stomach and intestinal problems (eg, bleeding, perforations, obstruction) caused by aspirin use
you have a history of bleeding or clotting disorders (eg, hemophilia, porphyria, von Willebrand disease)
you have a history of aspirin-induced asthma
you are taking dabigatran, ketorolac, sodium oxybate (GHB), or if you have received a live vaccine (eg, varicella, influenza) within the past 6 weeks

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Soma Compound:
Some medical conditions may interact with Soma Compound. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
if you have a history of asthma, diabetes, difficulty urinating, an enlarged prostate, growths in the nose (eg, nasal polyps), liver or kidney problems, Kawasaki syndrome, or heart problems
if you have a history of stomach or intestinal problems (eg, ulcers), intestinal bleeding, bleeding in the brain, stroke, seizures, the blood disease porphyria, or decreased amounts of vitamin K in the blood
if you have chickenpox, the flu, or other viral illness
if you regularly consume alcohol or you have a history of alcohol or other substance abuse or dependence
if you are taking anticoagulants (eg, heparin, warfarin) or NSAIDs (eg, ibuprofen)

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Soma Compound. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
Benzodiazepines (eg, alprazolam), opioid analgesics (eg, hydrocodone), sodium oxybate (GHB), or tricyclic antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline) because severe drowsiness and prolonged sleep may occur
Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), celecoxib, clopidogrel, dabigatran, heparin, ketorolac, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (eg, fluoxetine) because the risk of bleeding may be increased
Live vaccines (eg, influenza, varicella) because the risk of Reyes syndrome may be increased
Fluvoxamine, meprobamate, NSAIDs (eg, ibuprofen), or omeprazole because they may increase the risk of Soma Compound's side effects
Antacids, corticosteroids (eg, prednisone), rifampin, St. John's wort, or urinary alkalinizers (eg, sodium bicarbonate), because they may decrease Soma Compound's effectiveness
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (eg, acetazolamide), insulin, meglitinide antidiabetics (eg, repaglinide), methotrexate, sulfonylureas (eg, glipizide), or valproic acid because the risk of their side effects may be increased by Soma Compound
Probenecid, spironolactone, or sulfinpyrazone because their effectiveness may be decreased by Soma Compound

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Soma Compound may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Soma Compound:
Use Soma Compound as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

Take Soma Compound by mouth with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, take with food to reduce stomach irritation.

If you miss a dose of Soma Compound and you are taking it regularly, take it as soon as possible. If several hours have passed or it is nearing time for the next dose, do not double the dose to catch up, unless advised by your health care provider. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Soma Compound.

Important safety information:
Soma Compound may cause drowsiness or dizziness. These effects may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Soma Compound with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.
Do not drink alcohol or use medicines that may cause drowsiness (eg, sleep aids, muscle relaxers) while you are using Soma Compound; it may add to their effects. Ask your pharmacist if you have questions about which medicines may cause drowsiness.
Soma Compound may cause dizziness or fainting; alcohol, hot weather, exercise, or fever may increase these effects. To prevent them, sit up or stand slowly, especially in the morning. Sit or lie down at the first sign of any of these effects.
Do NOT take more than the recommended dose or use for longer than prescribed without checking with your doctor.
Serious stomach ulcers or bleeding can occur with the use of Soma Compound. Taking it in high doses or for a long time, smoking, or drinking alcohol increases the risk of these side effects. Taking Soma Compound with food will NOT reduce the risk of these effects. Contact your doctor or emergency room at once if you develop severe stomach or back pain; black, tarry stools; vomit that looks like blood or coffee grounds; or unusual weight gain or swelling.
Rarely, some patients have experienced an unexpected reaction within minutes or hours after taking Soma Compound. Contact your doctor or seek medical care right away if you develop severe weakness, paralysis of the arms or legs, severe dizziness, loss of coordination, vision changes (eg, loss of vision, double vision), joint pain, or mental or mood changes (eg, agitation, confusion, disorientation).
Aspirin has been linked to a serious illness called Reye syndrome. Do not give Soma Compound to a child or teenager who has the flu, chickenpox, or a viral infection. Do not give the flu vaccine to a child or teenager who is taking Soma Compound. Contact your doctor with any questions or concerns.
Diabetes patients - Soma Compound may affect your blood sugar. Check blood sugar levels closely. Ask your doctor before you change the dose of your diabetes medicine.
Soma Compound has aspirin in it. Before you start any new medicine, check the label to see if it has aspirin in it too. If it does or if you are not sure, check with your doctor or pharmacist.
Tell your doctor or dentist that you take Soma Compound before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery.
Use Soma Compound with caution in the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects.
his medicine should be used with extreme caution in CHILDREN younger than 16 years old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.
PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Soma Compound while you are pregnant. Soma Compound is not recommended during the last 3 months (third trimester) of pregnancy because it may cause harm to the fetus. Soma Compound is found in breast milk. Do not breast-feed while taking Soma Compound.

Some people who use Soma Compound for a long time may develop a need to continue taking it. People who take high doses are also at risk. This is known as DEPENDENCE or addiction.

If you suddenly stop taking Soma Compound, you may experience WITHDRAWAL symptoms including nausea; stomach cramps; trouble sleeping; chills; and headache.

Possible side effects of Soma Compound:
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Constipation; diarrhea; dizziness; drowsiness; headache; indigestion; nausea; mild stomach pain or upset; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); black, tarry, or bloody stools; change in the amount of urine produced; fainting; fast heartbeat; fever, chills, or persistent sore throat; loss of appetite; loss of coordination; mood or mental changes (eg, agitation, depression, irritability); painful urination; ringing in the ears; seizures; severe or persistent dizziness or stomach pain; severe or persistent trouble sleeping; tremors; unusual bruising or bleeding; vomit that looks like coffee grounds; weight loss; wheezing.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

If OVERDOSE is suspected:
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include confusion; fever; irregular heartbeat; loss of consciousness; ringing in the ears; seizures; unusual drowsiness or dizziness.

Proper storage of Soma Compound:
Store Soma Compound at room temperature, between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C). Brief storage at temperatures between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C) is permitted. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Soma Compound out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:
If you have any questions about Soma Compound, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
Soma Compound is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.
If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Soma Compound. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.