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当前位置:药品说明书与价格首页 >> 心血管系统 >> 药品目录 >> 血液系统药类 >> 抗凝血药类 >> 地西卢定注射液IPRIVASK(Desirudin)

地西卢定注射液IPRIVASK(Desirudin)

2011-01-24 12:29:39  作者:新特药房  来源:中国新特药网天津分站  浏览次数:676  文字大小:【】【】【
简介: IPRIVASK Indication(s): DVT prophylaxis in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery. Pharmacology: Hirudin is a naturally-occurring anticoagulant present in the periphar ...

制造商:
峡谷制药

药理分类:
直接凝血酶抑制剂(重组水蛭素)

活性成分(补):
Desirudin 15mg/vial;密码为SC后重建损伤;不含防腐剂;稀释剂含有甘露醇。
指示(补):
预防深静脉血栓的患者进行髋关节置换手术。

药理作用:
水蛭素是一种自然发生在药用水蛭,水蛭抗凝血剂医科大学的peripharyngeal腺体存在。 Desirudin重组水蛭素是一种衍生工具由一个酿酒酵母菌株表达。其生物效价是衡量比较其能力,抑制凝血酶的水解活性的desirudin标准。

Desirudin是自由流通和血凝块方向凝血酶抑制剂,它延长了人血浆凝血时间。混凝实验是在凝血酶依赖性的影响,如APTT的(活化部分凝血活酶时间)。平均峰值约为1.38倍基准APTT的时间延长后,看到每天两次注射15mg的资深大律师的desirudin。即使在低血浆,凝血酶时间(TT)经常超过200秒,所以这个测试不是针对监测desirudin活动合适。

临床试验:
该desirudin在对在全髋置换术治疗的患者静脉血栓事件的风险降低疗效相比,依诺肝素或肝素的。谁收到desirudin患者有静脉栓塞(VTE)血栓发生率更低。

在第一项研究,445例患者随机接受15mg的资深大律师desirudin或肝素每12小时每8小时5000 IUnits资深大律师。在评估的患者,desirudin治疗大大降低了乡镇企业的总数量,并减少患者有近端DVTs。

在另一项研究,每12小时desirudin 15mg的资深大律师为资深大律师相比,依诺肝素40毫克每24小时。在这两个评估的和意向性治疗的患者群,这些谁收到desirudin了谁比那些收到的比较药物主要栓塞,总静脉血栓栓塞和近端DVT发生率较低。

法律分类:
接收

成人:
与其他hirudins不能互换。由资深大律师给予损伤,最好是在腹部或大腿。 15毫克每12小时开始至5术前15分钟(经区域阻滞麻醉诱导,如果使用);可能持续9-12天的后运。肾功能损害(肌酐清除率<60mL/min):降低剂量(见文献)。

儿童:
不推荐。

禁忌(补):
活动性出血。不可逆凝血功能障碍。

警告/注意事项:
肾损伤:监测APTT和血清肌酐密切合作。出血性中风。糖尿病性视网膜病变。高血压的严重失控。最近胃肠道或肺出血。近期手术或活检。椎管内穿刺。后运留置硬膜外导管(治疗开始前,把导管取出时desirudin效果低)。细菌性心内膜炎。肝功能不全。监测神经功能缺损(可能显示脊髓/硬膜外血肿)。妊娠(Cat.C)。哺乳的母亲。

互动(补):
伴随肝素(分馏或普通肝素):不推荐。伴随NSAID类药物,血小板抑制剂,其他抗凝血剂:,椎管内血肿硬膜外导管增加出血的危险;停止这些和其他方面增加出血的危险开始前desirudin(如糖皮质激素,右旋糖酐40)。注意影响血小板药物(如水杨酸盐,噻氯匹定,氯吡格雷,阿昔,糖蛋白IIb / IIIa受体拮抗剂)。切换到或从香豆:密切监测。

不良反应(补):
出血,已经来到现场反应/质量,恶心,过敏性反应,抗体的形成。

如何提供:
单用小瓶- 10(瓦特稀释剂,物资)

最后更新:
2010年4月9日

IPRIVASK

 

Indication(s):

DVT prophylaxis in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery.

Pharmacology:

Hirudin is a naturally-occurring anticoagulant present in the peripharyngeal glands of the medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis. Desirudin is a recombinant derivative of hirudin expressed by a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Its biological potency is measured by comparing its ability to inhibit the hydrolytic activity of thrombin to that of a desirudin standard.

Desirudin is a selective inhibitor of free circulating and clot-bound thrombin, and it prolongs the clotting time of human plasma. Coagulation assays that are dependent upon thrombin are affected, such as aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time). A mean peak aPTT prolongation of approximately 1.38 times baseline was seen after twice-daily SC injection of desirudin 15mg. Even at low plasma levels, thrombin time (TT) often exceeds 200 seconds, so this test is not suitable for monitoring the activity of desirudin.

Clinical Trials:

The efficacy of desirudin in the reduction of risk of venous thromboembolic events in patients undergoing total hip replacement therapy was compared to that of enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin. Patients who received desirudin had a lower incidence of venous thromboembolic events (VTE).

In the first study, 445 patients were randomized to receive desirudin 15mg SC every 12hours or heparin 5000 IUnits SC every 8hours. Of the evaluable patients, treatment with desirudin significantly reduced the number of total VTEs, and fewer patients had proximal DVTs.

In another study, desirudin 15mg SC every 12hours was compared to enoxaparin 40mg SC every 24hours. In both the evaluable and intent-to-treat patient groups, those who received desirudin had a lower incidence of major VTE, total VTE, and proximal DVT than those who received the comparator drug.

Legal Classification:

Rx

Adults:

Not interchangeable with other hirudins. Give by SC inj, preferably in abdomen or thigh. 15mg every 12hours starting up to 5–15min before surgery (after induction of regional block anesthesia, if used); may continue for 9–12 days post-op. Renal impairment (CrCl<60mL/min): reduce dose (see literature).

Children:

Not recommended.

Contraindication(s):

Active bleeding. Irreversible coagulation disorders.

Warnings/Precautions:

Renal impairment: monitor aPTT and serum creatinine closely. Hemorrhagic stroke. Diabetic retinopathy. Severe uncontrolled hypertension. Recent GI or pulmonary bleeding. Recent surgery or biopsy. Neuraxial puncture. Post-op indwelling epidural catheter (place catheter before starting therapy and remove when desirudin effect is low). Bacterial endocarditis. Hepatic impairment. Monitor for neurological impairment (may indicate spinal/epidural hematoma). Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers.

Interaction(s):

Concomitant heparins (fractionated or unfractionated): not recommended. Concomitant NSAIDs, platelet inhibitors, other anticoagulants: increased risk of bleeding, neuraxial hematoma with epidural catheters; discontinue these and others that increase bleeding risk (eg, glucocorticoids, Dextran 40) before starting desirudin. Caution with drugs that affect platelets (eg, salicylates, ticlopidine, clopidogrel, abciximab, gp IIb/IIIa antagonists). Switching to or from coumadin: monitor closely.

Adverse Reaction(s):

Bleeding, inj site reaction/mass, nausea, anaphylaxis, antibody formation.

How Supplied:

Single-use vials—10 (w. diluent, supplies)

Last Updated:

4/9/2010

IPRIVASK (Desirudin,地西卢定注射液)

Iprivask被认为是优于肝素及低分子肝素(低分子肝素),依诺肝素预防深静脉血栓近端静脉血栓和重大的事件(VTE)的的后择期髋关节置换手术。静脉血栓栓塞,其中最常见的并发症,手术患者,会增加住院费用,住院天数,发病率和死亡率。

维克Tapson,医学博士,医学教授,杜克大学,说:“Desirudin是一个重要的进步,并有望成为一个有价值的替代肝素预防深静脉血栓形成的药物。”

很少有替代品存在肝素的抗凝预防深静脉血栓患者在住院。VTE的预防治疗肝素的抗凝血剂,可以通过各种复杂的突发事件,包括血小板减少症,已证实会增加短期死亡率。血小板减少症的发展往往导致暂停与肝素预防静脉血栓栓塞患者无保护的离开了一段时间,由于缺乏替代品。

“中存在的重大需要美国替代肝素的抗凝血剂是更有效和更容易使用比现有贸易一体化分析研究。Desirudin成为可用是朝这个方向前进的一步,”克雷格说凯斯勒博士,乔治敦大学医学教授和病理学及血液学组长。

凯斯勒指出,由于Iprivask是管理作为一个固定的皮下剂量,“这是易于使用静脉贸易一体化分析研究,并提供一个更安全的替代深静脉血栓的预防。”

“Iprivask是一种很有前途的进步,因为它是优于现行标准的护理在预防静脉血栓栓塞近端深静脉血栓形成和主要的,没有差异出血,”贝尔说:黎明,药学博士,高级副总裁兼总经理峡谷药品。“这不会有风险血小板减少症或肝素诱导的血小板减少症,是相对短效,易于监控。”

“我们很高兴能够推出第一个新的深静脉血栓预防剂在近10年来,说:”。生金麻将,总裁,峡谷药品“Iprivask是一个重要的除了深静脉血栓的预防医疗设备,因为预防深静脉血栓形成的选项是有限的,尤其是在在围手术期的设置。“

责任编辑:admin


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