英文名称:Vitamin K1 其他名称:凝血维生素一,维生素K,维他命K1,叶绿醌,叶萘酯,植萘醌,植物甲萘醌,Konakion,Mephyton,Phytomenadione,Phytonadione,V. K1 适应证:用于维生素K缺乏或活力降低,导致凝血因子Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ或Ⅹ合成障碍的出血性疾病。 1.新生儿出血。 2.肠道吸收不良所致维生素K缺乏。 3.广谱抗生素或肠道灭菌药致肠道内细菌合成的维生素K减少或缺乏。 4.双香豆素等抗凝剂的分子结构与维生素K相似,在体内干扰其代谢,使环氧叶绿醌不能被还原成维生素K,致体内维生素K不能发挥作用,造成与维生素K缺乏相类似的后果。 1.静脉注射维生素K1偶尔可发生过敏样反应,曾有因快速静注而致死的报道。可出现面部潮红、出汗、支气管痉挛、心动过速以至低血压等。 2.少数可引起新生儿特别是早产儿高胆红素血症和溶血。肌内注射可引起局部红肿和疼痛。 注意事项 1.新生儿出血症以维生素K1治疗较为合适,因为其他维生素K制剂易引起高胆红素血症和溶血。 2.下列情况应引起注意: 3.用药期间应定期检测凝血酶原时间以调整维生素K的用量及给药次数。 药物相互作用 1.口服抗凝剂如双香豆素类可干扰维生素K代谢。两药同用,作用相互抵消。 2.较大剂量水杨酸类、磺胺类药、奎宁、硫糖铝,考来烯胺、放线菌素等也可影响维生素K的效应。 给药说明 2.当患者因维生素K依赖凝血因子缺乏发生严重出血时,短期应用常不足以即刻生效,可先静脉输注凝血酶原复合物、血浆或新鲜血。 3.吸收不良患者,以采用注射途径给药为宜;如仍采用口服,宜同时给予胆盐,以利吸收。 4.用于纠正口服抗凝剂引起的低凝血酶原血症时,应先用最小有效量,通过凝血酶原时间测定再调整;过多的维生素K可影响以后抗凝治疗。 用法与用量:肌内、皮下注射或静脉注射,1次10mg,每日10~20mg。 1.低凝血酶原血症不易纠正时,6~8小时后可重复注射,通常24小时内总剂量不超过40mg。由于肠道吸收不良和其他药物引起的低凝血酶原血症,成人每次肌内或皮下注射2~25mg,必要时可重复给予。仅病情严重时采用静脉注射,注药速度每分钟不超过1mg。 2.长期使用肠道外高营养液,补充维生素K,成人和儿童每周肌内注射5~10mg,婴儿肌内注射2mg。 3.新生儿出血症,肌内或皮下注射1mg,8小时后视病情需要可重复。 4.预防新生儿出血,可在婴儿出生后即肌内或皮下注射0.5~1mg,6~8小时后可重复。 制剂与规格 维生素K1注射液:①1ml:2mg;②1ml:10mg。 Generic Name: phytonadione Dosage Form: injection, emulsion WARNING — INTRAVENOUS AND INTRAMUSCULAR USE Severe reactions, including fatalities, have occurred during and immediately after INTRAVENOUS injection of phytonadione, even when precautions have been taken to dilute the phytonadione and to avoid rapid infusion. Severe reactions, including fatalities, have also been reported following INTRAMUSCULAR administration. Typically these severe reactions have resembled hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis, including shock and cardiac and/or respiratory arrest. Some patients have exhibited these severe reactions on receiving phytonadione for the first time. Therefore the INTRAVENOUS and INTRAMUSCULAR routes should be restricted to those situations where the subcutaneous route is not feasible and the serious risk involved is considered justified. Indications and Usage for Vitamin K1 Vitamin K1 Injection (Phytonadione Injectable Emulsion, USP) is indicated in the following coagulation disorders which are due to faulty formation of factors II, VII, IX and X when caused by vitamin K deficiency or interference with vitamin K activity. Vitamin K1 Injection is indicated in: anticoagulant-induced prothrombin deficiency caused by coumarin or indanedione derivatives; prophylaxis and therapy of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn; hypoprothrombinemia due to antibacterial therapy; hypoprothrombinemia secondary to factors limiting absorption or synthesis of vitamin K, e.g., obstructive jaundice, biliary fistula, sprue, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, intestinal resection, cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, and regional enteritis; other drug-induced hypoprothrombinemia where it is definitely shown that the result is due to interference with vitamin K metabolism, e.g., salicylates. CONTRAINDICATION Hypersensitivity to any component of this medication. ------------------------------------------------------------ VITAMIN K1 原产地英文药品名: PHYTONADIONE 中文参考商品译名: 维生素K1 |
VITAMIN K1(维生素K1)简介:
英文名称:Vitamin K1
其他名称:凝血维生素一,维生素K,维他命K1,叶绿醌,叶萘酯,植萘醌,植物甲萘醌,Konakion,Mephyton,Phytomenadione,Phytonadione,V. K1
适应证:用于维生素K缺乏或活力降低 ... 责任编辑:admin |
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