【中文品名】替门汀 【药效类别】抗生素>复方青霉素类 【通用药名】TIMENTIN 【别　　名】替卡西林/克拉维酸, Augpenin, Betabactyl, BRL-28500, Timenten, Ticarclav 【化学名称】 4-Thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 6-[[(2R)-carboxy-3-thienylacetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-, (2S,5R,6R)-，mixt. with (2R,5R)-3-[(1Z)-2-Hydroxyethylidene)]-7-oxo-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid 【CA登记号】[86482-18-0] 【结 构 式】 【收录药典】 【开发单位】史克比切姆 【首次上市】1985年，德国 【性　　状】 【用　　途】一种替卡西林和克拉维酸的复合制剂，已由史克比切姆公司开发，上市情况见下表。 本品用于下呼吸道、尿道、骨、关节和皮肤感染。在美国已批准用于子宫内膜异位。 在16名患急性呼吸道感染的病人中，肌肉注射1～2克，一日三次，75%病人有良好的临床效果（17th Int Cong Chemother (Berlin), 1991, Abs 1812）。 在42个患热性发育不全的中性白细胞减少的4个月～16岁儿童中，给予300毫克（20毫克/公斤/日）本品加4毫克/公斤/日 妥布霉素，对革兰氏阳性球菌是有效的（12th Interdisc Meet Anti-Infect Chemother (Paris), 1992, Abs 65/P5）。 对中度到重度感染病人，每6～8小时给予3或5克替卡西林和300毫克克拉维酸，有效率为90%。本品与一种氨基糖甙类抗生素并用，对中性白细胞减少病人的治愈率为76%（14th Int Cong Chemother (Kyoto), 1985, S-12, P-45-71 to 74）。 【上市情况】 商品名        公司名            上市国家和地区（年份） Augpenin      明治制果          日本（1990） Betabacyl     史克比切姆        德国（1985） Timenten      史克比切姆        瑞士（1986） Timentin      史克比切姆        美国、新西兰、瑞典、英国、澳大利亚、比利时（1986） Timentun      史克比切姆        香港、意大利（1986） *本品还已在西班牙、法国注册。 【别名】羧噻吩青霉素钠-棒酸钾;替门汀 、特美汀、替卡西林-克拉维酸钾、羧噻吩青霉素-棒酸钾、替卡西林钠-克拉维酸钾 【外文名】Timentin, Ticarcillin-Potassium Clavulanate、Timentin 【适应症】本品适用于敏感菌所致下呼吸道、骨和关节、皮肤组织、尿路等部位感染以及败血证。由于本品对革兰阳性和阴性需氧及厌氧菌的抗菌范围甚广，故可用于腹腔及产科感染之类混合感染的治疗。 对中枢感染无效。 【用量用法】     【3.1的用量】注射用药、静推或静滴： 每次注射１瓶，每４～６小时１次，溶于１３ｍｌ等渗盐水或灭菌注射用水中，缓缓静推，或溶于适量溶剂中静滴，３０分钟内滴完。 【3.2g的用量】成人3.2g静注，每６－８hr一次，最大剂量3.2g/4hr, 儿童常用量80mg/kg 体重，静注，每6-8hr一次，早产和足月婴儿刚出生时80 mg/kg体重，静注，每１２hr一次，其后每8hr一次。 【注意事项】 1.本品为青霉素类药物，用前需作青霉素皮试。 2.有过敏反应如皮疹。 3.中枢神经系统功能紊乱、头痛等。 4.胃肠功能紊乱如恶心、腹泻。 5.血小板功能失常、有出血倾向、低钾血症。 【药物相互作用】丙磺舒能减少肾小管对替卡西林的分泌，故可延缓其肾脏排汇，但不影响克拉维酸的肾脏排泄。 【禁忌】青霉素过敏者。 【不良反应】过敏反应：与其它青霉素注射剂相似的副作用。 【原产地英文商品名】TIMENTIN DRY POWDER INJECTION (5+0.200)g/vial 【原产地英文药品名】5000mg TICARCILLIN AND ENZYME INHIBITOR 【中文参考商品译名】 注：以下产品不同的规格和不同的价格，购买时请以电话咨询为准！ ·特美汀干粉注射剂 (3+0.200)克/瓶 ·特美汀干粉注射剂 (5+0.200)克/瓶 【中文参考药品译名】3000毫克替卡西林和酶抑制剂 【生产厂家中文参考译名】葛兰素史克 【生产厂家英文名】Glaxo Smithkline Aebe Timentin Generic Name: ticarcillin and clavulanate (Intravenous route) tye-kar-SIL-in dye-SOE-dee-um, KLAV-ue-la-nate poe-TAS-ee-um Commonly used brand name(s): In the U.S. Timentin Timentin Novaplus Available Dosage Forms: Powder for Solution Solution Therapeutic Class: Antibiotic Pharmacologic Class: Ticarcillin ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Uses For Timentin Ticarcillin and clavulanate combination is used to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. Ticarcillin and clavulanate combination is an antibiotic that belongs to the group of medicines known as penicillins and beta-lactamase inhibitors. It works by killing the bacteria or preventing their growth. However, this medicine will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Before Using Timentin In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered: Allergies Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully. Pediatric Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of ticarcillin and clavulanate combination in children. However, safety and efficacy have not been established in infants below 3 months of age. Geriatric Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of ticarcillin and clavulanate combination in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related kidney or heart problems, which may require an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving ticarcillin and clavulanate combination. Breast Feeding There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding. Interactions with Medicines Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco. Other Medical Problems The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially: Bleeding problems or Congestive heart failure or Diarrhea or Heart disease or Hypokalemia (low potassium in the blood)—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse. Kidney disease—Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of the medicine from the body. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Proper Use of ticarcillin and clavulanate This section provides information on the proper use of a number of products that contain ticarcillin and clavulanate. It may not be specific to Timentin. Please read with care. A nurse or other trained health professional will give you this medicine. This medicine is given through a needle placed in one of your veins. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Precautions While Using Timentin Your doctor will check your progress closely while you are receiving this medicine. This will allow your doctor to see if the medicine is working properly and to decide if you should continue to take it. This medicine may cause serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention. Call your doctor right away if you have itching; hives; hoarseness; shortness of breath; trouble breathing; trouble swallowing; or any swelling of your hands, face, or mouth after you receive this medicine. Ticarcillin and clavulanate combination may cause diarrhea, and in some cases it can be severe. Do not take any medicine to treat diarrhea without first checking with your doctor. Diarrhea medicines may make the diarrhea worse or make it last longer. If you have any questions about this or if mild diarrhea continues or gets worse, check with your doctor. Before you have any medical tests, tell the doctor in charge that you are taking this medicine. The results of some tests may be affected by this medicine. Ticarcillin and clavulanate combination may decrease the effects of some oral contraceptives (birth control pills). To avoid an unwanted pregnancy, it is a good idea to use additional contraceptive measures with your pills (e.g. condoms, a diaphragm, or a contraceptive foam or jelly) while using this medicine. Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Timentin Side Effects Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor or nurse immediately if any of the following side effects occur: Rare Blood in the urine frequent urination lower abdominal cramping painful urination Incidence not known Abdominal or stomach cramps, pain, or tenderness black, tarry stools bleeding gums blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin bloating changes in skin color chest pain or discomfort chills clay-colored stools convulsions cough dark urine diarrhea diarrhea, watery and severe, which may also be bloody dizziness fast heartbeat fever general tiredness and weakness headache increased thirst irritability itching joint or muscle pain loss of appetite lower back or side pain muscle twitching nausea or vomiting pain, tenderness, or swelling of the foot or leg pinpoint red spots on the skin rash red skin lesions, often with a purple center red, irritated eyes restlessness seizures shortness of breath sore throat sores, ulcers, or white spots on the lips or in the mouth swelling or inflammation of the mouth swollen glands unpleasant breath odor unusual bleeding or bruising unusual tiredness or weakness unusual weight loss upper right abdominal pain vomiting of blood yellow eyes or skin Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them: Incidence not known Bleeding, blistering, burning, coldness, discoloration of the skin, feeling of pressure, hives, infection, inflammation, itching, lumps, numbness, pain, rash, redness, scarring, soreness, stinging, swelling, tenderness, tingling, ulceration, or warmth at the injection site change in taste or bad unusual or unpleasant (after) taste difficulty with moving excess air or gas in the stomach or intestines full feeling heartburn muscle aching, cramping, or stiffness passing gas swollen joints Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional. 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