预防乳腺癌药物:evista

fda批准骨质疏松症的药物evista某些绝经后妇女预防乳癌

2007年9月14日-今天批准了骨质疏松症的药物e vista的，以减少患乳腺癌的风险对于一些绝经后妇女。具体来说，美国食品药品管理局批准evista的，以降低侵入性乳癌风险（最常见的一种乳腺癌） ，在两个组别的妇女：

绝经后妇女骨质疏松症

绝经后妇女的浸润性乳腺癌高危险群
evista是第二核准的药物，以减少患乳腺癌的风险（他莫昔芬是第一个）。在美国乳腺癌是第二大原因妇女癌症死亡（肺癌是第一）。美国妇女乳腺癌占26 ％的癌症当中。

EVISTA提供了一个重要的新选择”。

evista的不应该采取的绝经前妇女和妇女正在怀孕或可能怀孕，因为药物可能会伤害胎儿。 evista的同时，不应使用cholestyramine （一药物用来降低胆固醇水平）或雌激素。

evista的并不完全防止乳腺癌，乳房检查和乳房x线照片应该做的事。

evista属于选择性雌激素受体调节器（ serms ）的一类药物 。serms可以减少风险的侵入性乳癌通过阻断雌激素受体在乳腺癌中。

该管理局首次批准evista，在1997年，以防止骨质疏松症的绝经后妇女。两年后，美国食品药品管理局批准evista的用于治疗骨质疏松症的绝经后妇女。

evista为预防乳癌

基于在过去十年里进行的四项临床试验，FDA批准了evista的新用途—预防乳癌。

在超过15,000绝经后妇女的试验表明，evista较不含任何药物的安慰剂比，降低侵入性乳癌风险44％至71％。

通用名：盐酸雷洛昔芬

剂型：片剂

适应症

治疗和预防骨质疏松症的绝经后妇女
EVISTA的适应症是用于治疗和预防绝经后妇女骨质疏松症[见的临床研究。

减少侵入性乳腺癌的绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的风险
EVISTA的是，在浸润性乳腺癌的风险减少患骨质疏松症的绝经后妇女表示[见临床研究。

在浸润性乳腺癌的风险减少绝经后妇女在浸润性乳腺癌的高危
EVISTA的是，在浸润性乳腺癌的风险减少绝经后妇女在浸润性乳腺癌高危表示[见临床研究。

在中的乳腺癌发病率减少的影响显示在绝经后妇女乳腺癌高危5年，中位随访4.3年，[见临床研究]计划工期研究。第二十百分之七的参与者收到了5年的药物。长期效果和治疗的建议长度不详。

高乳腺癌风险，因为至少有一个乳房活检显示定义小叶原位癌（LCIS）或不典型增生，一个或多个一级亲属患有乳腺癌，或5年的预测乳腺癌的风险≥1.66％（关于修改后的盖尔模型）。其中的因素在修改盖尔模型包括如下：目前的年龄，一级亲属的人数与乳腺癌，乳房切片检查次数，月经初潮，nulliparity或首次生育的​​年龄。医护专业人员可以通过拨打1-800-545-5979一Gail模式的风险评估工具。目前，没有一个单一的临床表现或测试结果可以量化患乳腺癌的风险肯定。

经过对患乳腺癌的风险评估，以决定有关Evista组治疗应基于对个人的好处和风险评估。

Evista组并没有消除乳腺癌的风险。患者应在开始有乳房检查和乳房X光检查Evista组，并应继续保持良好的医疗实践与Evista组治疗后开始定期乳房检查和乳房X光检查。

对乳癌风险减少使用重要的限制

没有数据提供的关于妇女与遗传突变的Evista组对浸润性乳腺癌发生率的影响（BRCA1和BRCA2基因）能够作出的Evista组效果的具体建议。

EVISTA的不适应症为浸润性乳腺癌或复发的风险降低治疗。

EVISTA的是没有说明为在非侵袭性乳腺癌的风险减少。

剂量和用法

建议剂量
推荐的剂量是60毫克Evista组（盐酸雷洛昔芬片）片剂每天，这可能是管理不考虑吃饭一天的任何时间[见临床药理学。

对于在浸润性乳腺癌治疗的最佳时间是未知的风险迹象[见的临床研究。

钙和维生素D的补充建议
对于任何治疗或预防骨质疏松症，补充钙和/或维生素D应被加入到日常饮食中，如果摄入不足。绝经后妇女需要1500毫克平均/日的钙元素。共有1500毫克以上的钙每日摄入量并没有表现出更多的骨利益，同时每天摄入2000毫克以上已具有不利影响，包括高钙血症和肾结石的风险增加有关。维生素D的推荐摄入量是每天400-800国际单位。在增加维生素D不足的风险患者（如70岁以上的年龄，护理之家的约束，或长期病患者）可能需要额外补充维生素D。胃肠道吸收不良综合征患者可能需要补充维生素D和25羟基维他命D测量高剂量应予以考虑。

【原产地英文商品名】Evista 60MGx30Tablets
【原产地英文药品名】raloxifene hydrochloride
【中文参考商品译名】
注：以下产品不同规格和不同的价格，购买时请以电话咨询为准！
·易维特 60毫克x100片
·易维特 60毫克x30片
·印度易维特 60毫克x10片
【中文参考药品译名】盐酸雷洛昔芬
【生产厂家中文参考译名】美国礼来公司
【生产厂家英文名】Eli Lilly

Evista (Raloxifene)

Evista Information

Evista is a drug generically known as Raloxifene. Evista works by altering the bone formation and reduces bone breakdown in the body. The loss of bone tissue is also prevented by the action of Evista.

Evista Indications

Evista is indicated and prescribed for the treatment of osteoporosis in women who are on their post menopausal stages.

Evista may also be used for other purposes aside from the ones mentioned above.

Evista Warnings

For some reasons, it is not advised that you take Evista if you are scheduled to undergo surgery. You have to temporarily cease taking Evista if you are to undergo surgery.

When deciding to take Evista, you have to inform your doctor first if you have been exposed or have been a victim or have had a history of the following diseases:

• Blood coagulation problems
• Stroke
• Cancer
• Significant increase in triglycerides
• Liver Malfunctions

If you have/had any of the above mentioned medical conditions, you may be advised that your dosage be lowered or a special monitoring be allotted to keep track of the medicine’s reaction in your body.

For pregnant women, Evista is a drug categorized under the pregnancy category X. This means that Evista is known drug to cause birth defects in babies especially on the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In the case of breastfeeding mothers, it is not yet known whether the active ingredient of Evista which is Raloxifene is passed into the composition of breast milk. It is strongly advised though that you should weigh the decision to breast feed properly and thoroughly discuss it with your doctor.

If you are taking Evista, you should refrain from sitting still for long periods of time and traveling that would cramp space and prevent movements should also be avoided.

Evista Intake Guidelines

Evista should be taken exactly as your doctor prescribed the intake. It can be taken with or without prior food intake.

Each dose of Evista must be taken at around the same time each day.

A good diet regimen should be observed when taking Evista to ensure its proper function. Your doctor may advise you to take supplements of Vitamin D and calcium if these substances cannot be sufficiently obtained from your regular diet.

Evista Dosage

The exact dosage of Evista can only be exactly determined by your doctor. It may be dependent on your current bone density, your diet and your overall bone health.

Evista Overdose

The symptoms of Evista overdose are not yet known and established. However, if you suspect characteristics of overdose, seek medical attention immediately.

Evista Missed Dose

Double doses of Evista are strictly not encouraged. And if you miss a dose it is best if you entirely skip that missed dose and proceed to the next one. However, you can take the missed dose if it is still many hours away from the next scheduled dose.

Evista Side Effects

Taking Evista may entail side effects as with any other medicines. Among the side effects related to the intake of Evista are:

• Allergic reactions (for patients who are allergic to the components of Evista)
• Pain in the legs
• Swelling of legs
• Abrupt chest pains
• Changes in vision
• Unexplainable vaginal bleeding
• Leg cramps
• Muscle soreness
• Weight gain and bloating
• Hot flashes
• Rashes
• Excessive sweating

Other side effects may also occur and they may not be mentioned here but if you experience side effects that are bothersome and intolerable immediately seek medical advice.

Evista Drug Reactions

Evista and these drugs may not work well if combined:

• Cholestyramine
• Colestipol
• Blood thinners or anticoagulants such as Warfarin
• Estrogen, Progesterone or any other hormonal medicines

You should talk this over with your doctor if you are taking any of the mentioned drugs.