【藥理作用】
1.增加血容量和維持血漿膠體滲透壓：白蛋白佔血漿膠體滲透壓的80%，主要調節組織與血管之間水分的動態平衡。由於白蛋白分子量較高，與鹽類及水分相比，透過膜內速度較慢，使白蛋白的膠體滲透壓與毛細管的靜力壓抗衡，以此維持正常與恒定的血容量；同時在血     迴圈中，1g白蛋白可保留18ml水，每5g白蛋白保留迴圈內水分的能力約相當於100ml血漿或200ml全血的功能，從而起到增加迴圈血容量和維持血漿膠體滲透壓的作用。
2.運輸及解毒：白蛋白能結合陰離子也能結合陽離子，可以輸送不同的物質，也可以將有毒物質輸送到解毒器官。
3.營養供給:組織蛋白和血漿蛋白可互相轉化，在氮代謝障礙時，白蛋白可作為氮源為組織提供營養。

【適應症】
1.失血創傷、燒傷引起的休克。
2.腦水腫及損傷引起的顱壓升高。
3.肝硬化及腎病引起的水腫或腹水。
4.低蛋白血症的防治。
5.新生兒高膽紅素血症。
6.用於心肺分流術、燒傷的輔助治療、血液透析的輔助治療和成人呼吸窘迫綜合徵。

【用法用量】
用法：一般採用靜脈滴注或靜脈推注。為防止大量注射時機體組織脫水，可採用5%葡萄糖注射液或氯化鈉注射液適當稀釋作靜脈滴注（宜用備有濾網裝置的輸血器）。滴注速度應以每分鐘不超過2ml為宜，但在開始15分鐘內，應特別注意速度緩慢，逐漸加速至上述速度。
用量：使用劑量由醫師酌情考慮，一般因嚴重燒傷或失血等所致休克，可直接注射本品5～10g，隔4～6小時重復注射1次。在治療腎病及肝硬化等慢性白蛋白缺乏症時，可每日注射本品5～10g，直至水腫消失，血清白蛋白含量恢復正常為止。

【不良反應】
使用本品一般不會產生不良反應，偶可齣現寒顫、發熱、顏面潮紅、皮疹、噁心嘔吐等症狀，快速輸注可引起血管超負荷導致肺水腫，偶有過敏反應。

【禁忌】
1.對白蛋白有嚴重過敏者。
2.高血壓患者，急性心臟病者、正常血容量及高血容量的心力衰竭患者。
3.嚴重貧血患者。
4.腎功能不全者。

【注意事項】
1.藥液呈現混濁、沉澱、異物或瓶子有裂紋、瓶蓋鬆動、過期失效等情況不可使用。
2.本品開啟後，應一次輸注完畢，不得分次或給第二人輸用。
3.輸注過程中如發現病人有不適反應，應立即停止輸用。
4.有明顯脫水者應同時補液。
5.運輸及貯存過程中嚴禁凍結。

【孕婦及哺乳期婦女用藥】
對孕婦或可能懷孕婦女的用藥應慎重，如有必要應用時，應在醫師指導和嚴密觀察下使用。

【藥物相互作用】
本品不宜與血管收縮藥，蛋白水解 或含酒精溶劑的注射液混合使用。

【藥物過量】
因本品有高滲作用，過量注射時，可造成脫水、機體迴圈負荷增加、充血性心力衰竭和肺水腫。

【貯藏】2～8℃，避光保存

【原产地英文商品名】BUMINATE 5% IV SOLUTION 500MLS/VIAL 6VIALS/CASE
【原产地英文药品名】ALBUMIN HUMAN
【中文参考商品译名】BUMINATE 5% IV溶液 500毫升/瓶 6瓶/箱
【中文参考商品译名】
注：以下产品不现的规格和不同价格，购买时请以电话咨询为准！
·BUMINATE 25% IV溶液 20毫升/瓶 10瓶/箱
·BUMINATE 25% IV溶液 50毫升/瓶 10瓶/箱
·BUMINATE 5% IV溶液 500毫升/瓶 6瓶/箱
·BUMINATE 25% IV溶液 100毫升/瓶 10瓶/箱
·BUMINATE 5% IV溶液 250毫升/瓶 6瓶/箱
【中文参考药品译名】人血白蛋白
【生产厂家中文参考译名】百特
【生产厂家英文名】Baxter

FLEXBUMIN 25% [Albumin (Human)]
FLEXBUMIN 25% [Albumin (Human)], USP, 25% Solution is a sterile, nonpyrogenic preparation of albumin in a single dosage form for intravenous administration.  FLEXBUMIN 25% is indicated for hypovolemia, hypoalbuminemia due to general causes, burns, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and nephrosis, and for use during or prior to cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, and hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).

Important Risk Information for FLEXBUMIN 25%
FLEXBUMIN 25% is contraindicated in patients with cardiac failure, in patients with severe anemia and in patients with a history of allergic reactions to human albumin.

Do not use if turbid.  Do not begin administration more than 4 hours after the container has been entered.

Do not use Sterile Water for Injection as a diluent. There exists a risk of potentially fatal hemolysis and acute renal failure from the inappropriate use of Sterile Water for Injection as a diluent for FLEXBUMIN 25%.  Acceptable diluents include 0.9% Sodium Chloride or 5% Dextrose in Water.

FLEXBUMIN 25% is made from pooled human plasma. It may carry a risk of transmitting infectious agents, e.g., viruses and theoretically, the Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) agent.

FLEXBUMIN 25% must be administered intravenously at a rate not to exceed 1ml/min to patients with normal blood volume, due to the risk of developing circulatory overload and pulmonary edema. 

When 25% albumin is infused, a rise in blood pressure necessitates careful observation to detect and treat severed blood vessels that may not have bled at a lower blood pressure.  

Adverse reactions to FLEXBUMIN 25% are extremely rare, although nausea, fever, chills or urticaria may occasionally occur.

CAUTION: Do not use plastic containers in series connections. Such use could result in air embolism due to residual air being drawn from the primary container before the administration of the fluid from the secondary container is complete.

Please see Preparation for Administration for FLEXBUMIN 25% in the Prescribing Information.

Please review the FLEXBUMIN 25% [Albumin (Human)] Prescribing Information for full prescribing details.

BUMINATE 5% [Albumin (Human)], USP, 5% Solution
BUMINATE 5% [Albumin (Human)], USP, 5% Solution is indicated for Hypovolemia, Hypoalbuminemia due to general causes and burns, and use during or prior to cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.

Important Risk Information for BUMINATE 5%
BUMINATE 5% is contraindicated in patients with cardiac failure, in patients with severe anemia and in patients with a history of allergic reactions to human albumin.

Do not use if turbid.  Do not begin administration more than 4 hours after the container has been entered.

BUMINATE 5% is made from pooled human plasma. It may carry a risk of transmitting infectious agents, e.g., viruses and theoretically, the Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) agent.

The stoppers used in BUMINATE 5% contain natural rubber latex.  If a patient has a history of cardiac or circulatory disease, BUMINATE 5% should be administered slowly (5 to 10 ml per min) to avoid too rapid a rise in the blood pressure.

Patients should always be monitored in order to guard against the possibility of circulatory overload.

When BUMINATE 5% is used following injuries or surgery, the quick rise in blood pressure which follows administration makes it necessary to monitor the patient to detect and treat severed blood vessels that may not have bled at a lower blood pressure.  

Adverse reactions to BUMINATE 5% are extremely rare, although nausea, fever, chills or urticaria may occasionally occur. Such symptoms usually disappear when the infusion is slowed or stopped for a short period of time.

Please review the BUMINATE 5% [Albumin (Human)] Prescribing Information for full prescribing details.

BUMINATE 25% [Albumin (Human)], USP, 25% Solution
Buminate 25% [Albumin (Human)], USP, 25% Solution is indicated for Hypovolemia, Hypoalbuminemia due to general causes, burns, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and nephrosis, for use during or prior to cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, and Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).

Important Risk Information for BUMINATE 25%
BUMINATE 25% is contraindicated in patients with cardiac failure, in patients with severe anemia and in patients with a history of allergic reactions to human albumin.

Do not use if turbid.  Do not begin administration more than 4 hours after the container has been entered.

Do not use Sterile Water for Injection as a diluent. There exists a risk of potentially fatal hemolysis and acute renal failure from the inappropriate use of Sterile Water for Injection as a diluent for BUMINATE 25%.  Acceptable diluents include 0.9% Sodium Chloride or 5% Dextrose in Water.

BUMINATE 25% is made from pooled human plasma. It may carry a risk of transmitting infectious agents, e.g., viruses and theoretically, the Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) agent.

The stoppers used in BUMINATE 25% contain natural rubber latex.

BUMINATE 25% must be administered intravenously at a rate not to exceed 1ml/min to patients with normal blood volume, due to the risk of developing circulatory overload and pulmonary edema. 

When BUMINATE 25% is infused, a rise in blood pressure necessitates careful observation to detect and treat severed blood vessels that may not have bled at a lower blood pressure.  

Adverse reactions to BUMINATE 25% are extremely rare, although nausea, fever, chills or urticaria may occasionally occur. Such symptoms usually disappear when the infusion is slowed or stopped for a short period of time.

Please see Preparation for Administration for BUMINATE 25% in the Prescribing Information