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药物名称：盐酸克林霉素
药物别名：氯洁霉素，氯林霉素、林大霉素、氯林可霉素、正安达琳Cleocin，Sobelin
英文名称：Clindamycin Hydrochloride
说明：片剂，胶囊：75mg、150mg。注射液(磷酸克林霉素Clindamycinphosphate)：0.3g、0.6g。
功用作用
抗菌谱和林可霉素相同，但抗菌作用强。
敏感革兰阳性球菌和厌氧菌所致呼吸道感染、骨关节及皮肤软组织感染、胆管感染、菌血症、非性病性妇科盆腔感染等。局部应用治疗痤疮。
用法用量
口服：成人，0.45g～1.2g/日，不宜超过1.8g/日，3～4次/日；
儿童，每日10mg～30mg/kg，3～4次/日。
深部肌注或静脉滴注：成人，1.2g～2.4g/日，不宜超过4.8g/日，2～4次/日；
儿童，每日15mg～30mg/kg，3～4次/日。
[药物过量]本品无特异性拮抗药，药物过量时主要是对症疗法和支持疗法。
注意事项
妊娠C类。妊娠及哺乳期妇女、严重肝肾功能不全患者慎用。服用时宜多量水送下。肌内注射宜深部注射。禁止直接静脉注射，可致心跳呼吸停止。
对克林霉素和林可霉素有过敏史的患者禁用。
1．患者对林可霉素过敏时有可能对克林霉素也过敏。
2．对诊断的干扰：服药后血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶可有增高。
3．下列情况应慎用：
(1)肠道疾病或有既往史者，特别如溃疡性结肠炎、局限性肠炎或抗生素相关肠炎。
(2)肝功能减退。
(3)肾功能严重减退。
(4)为防止急性风湿热的发生，用克林霉素治疗溶血性链球菌感染时的疗程，至少为10日。
4．用药期间须密切注意大便次数，如出现排便次数增多，应注意假膜性肠炎的可能，须及时停药并作适当处理。
5．处理克林霉素所致的假膜性肠炎，轻症单独停药可望有效，中等至重症患者需纠正水、电解质紊乱。如经上述处理，病情无明显好转时，则应给甲硝唑口服250～500mg，一日3次。如复发时可再用甲硝唑口服，仍无效时可改用万古霉素(或去甲万古霉素)口服，成人一日0.5～2.0g，分3～4次服用。
6．肾功能减退患者(除重度减退者外)，本品用量一般无需减少。患者有严重肾功能和（或）肝功能减退，采用本品时需作血清药物浓度监测。
7．本品偶可引起对本品不敏感的微生物过度增生，特别是真菌，所以应用时需注意二重感染的发生。
[孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药]
动物实验显示本品对胎儿无影响，但在人类孕妇中应用尚缺乏经验，故在孕妇中仍应慎用。本品可分泌至母乳中，哺乳期妇女确实需要用药则须暂停哺乳。
[儿童用药]
小于1个月的小儿不宜应用。
[老年患者用药]本品的临床研究没有足够的老年人资料，故不能确定老年人对此药的反应是否与年轻人有异。对于肝功能、肾功能正常的年轻和年老的志愿者，口服或静脉给予克林霉素，药动学方面未显示出具有临床意义的显著差异。有报道在老年人中腹泻和抗生素相关结肠炎更常见且更严重。因此对有腹泻的老年病人应加以严密的监护。
【原产地英文商品名】SOBELIN 300mg/cap 30caps/box
【原产地英文药品名】CLINDAMYCIN
【中文参考商品译名】
注：以下产品不同规格和不同价格，购买时请以电话咨询为准！
·SOBELIN 300毫克/胶囊 30胶囊/盒
·SOBELIN 300毫克/胶囊 12胶囊/盒
·SOBELIN 150毫克/胶囊 30胶囊/盒
·SOBELIN 150毫克/胶囊 12胶囊/盒
·SOBELIN 75毫克/胶囊 12胶囊/盒
【中文参考药品译名】克林霉素
【生产厂家中文参考译名】法玛西亚公司
【生产厂家英文名】Pharmacia Gmbh
Sobelin - General Information:
An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of lincomycin.
Pharmacology:
Sobelin is an antibiotic, similar to and a derivative of lincomycin. Sobelin can be used in topical or systemic treatment. It is effective as an anti-anaerobic antibiotic and antiprotozoal.
Sobelin for patients
This medicine is used to treat various bacterial infections, such as pneumonia
or other respiratory conditions such as COPD. It can also by used in patients
with cystic fibrosis or patients who have received an infection while being
hospitalized, or who have bacteria in the blood (bacteremia). In children,
this medicine is commonly used to treat ear infections (otitis media), pneumonia,
sore throat (pharyngitis) or tonsillitis. Take the medicine orally as directed.
This medicine can be taken with or without food. And remember to finish all medication
unless your doctor has advised you otherwise. It is also important to avoid taking
aluminum or magnesium-containing antacids together with this medicine. If you take
antacids, separate them from your antibiotic by at least 2 hours.
Sobelin Interactions
Clindamycin has been shown to have neuromuscular blocking properties that may enhance the action of other neuromuscular blocking agents. Therefore, it should be used with caution in patients receiving such agents. Antagonism has been demonstrated between clindamycin and erythromycin in vitro. Because of possible clinical significance, these two drugs should not be administered concurrently.
Sobelin Contraindications
Clindamycin hydrochloride is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to preparations containing clindamycin or lincomycin.
Additional information about Sobelin
Sobelin Indication: For the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria (anaerobes, streptococci, pneumococci, and staphylococci)
Mechanism Of Action: Systemic/Vaginal-Sobelin inhibits protein synthesis of bacteria by binding to the 50 S ribosomal subunits of the bacteria. Topical-Sobelin reduces free fatty acid concentrations on the skin and to suppress the growth of Propionibacterium acnes (Corynebacterium acnes) , an anaerobe found in sebaceous glands and follicles.
Drug Interactions: Aluminium The aluminium salt decreases the absorption of lincosamides
Atracurium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Dihydroxyaluminium The aluminium salt decreases the absorption of lincosamides
Cyclosporine Decreases the effect of cyclosporine
Doxacurium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Gallamine Triethiodide The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Metocurine The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Mivacurium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Pancuronium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Pipecuronium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Rocuronium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Succinylcholine The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Tubocurarine The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Vecuronium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxant
Attapulgite The aluminium salt decreases the absorption of lincosamides
Kaolin The aluminium salt decreases the absorption of lincosamides
Food Interactions: Take with food.
Generic Name: Clindamycin
Synonyms: Clindamycin Hcl; Clindamicina [Inn-Spanish]; Clindamycin Hydrochloride; Clindamycin Phosphate; Clindamycine [French]; Clindamycine [Inn-French]; Clindamycinum [Inn-Latin]
Drug Category: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Lincomycins
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved; Investigational
Other Brand Names containing Clindamycin: Chlolincocin; Cleocin; Cleocin Hcl; Cleocin Pediatric; Cleocin Phosphate; Cleocin T; Cleocin T Gel; Cleocin T Lotion; Cleocin T Topical Solution; Clinda-Derm; Clindagel; Clindesse; Clindets; Clinimycin; Dalacin; Dalacin C; Dalacin C Flavored Granules; Dalacin C Phosphate; Dalacin T Topical Solution; Evoclin; Sobelin;
Absorption: Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Absorption of an oral dose is virtually complete (90%), and the concomitant administration of food does not appreciably modify the serum concentrations; serum levels have been uniform and predictable from person to person and dose to dose.
Toxicity (Overdose): Orally and parenterally administered clindamycin has been associated with severe colitis (pseudomembranous colitis) which may result in patient death. Use of the topical formulation of clindamycin results in absorption of the antibiotic from the skin surface. Diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, and colitis (including pseudomembranous colitis) have been reported with the use of topical and systemic clindamycin.
Protein Binding: 92-94%
Biotransformation: Hepatic
Half Life: 2.4 hours
Dosage Forms of Sobelin: Solution Intravenous
Powder, for solution Oral
Liquid Intravenous
Capsule Oral
Cream Intravaginal
Solution Topical
Cream Topical
Liquid Intramuscular
Chemical IUPAC Name: (2S,4R)-N-[2-chloro-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
Chemical Formula: C18H33ClN2O5S
Organisms Affected: Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria | 
