英文药名: Botox(Botulinum Toxin Type A Vials)

中文药名: 肉毒杆菌毒素（A型肉毒毒素针剂）

生产厂家: Allergan

药品介绍：

肉毒毒素（A型肉毒毒素瓶）

1989年美国从厌氧性肉毒杆菌BOTOX中分离出来的肉毒杆菌毒素有8种血清型，其中A型血清型的毒力最强，容易配制成产品，保留时间较长。A型肉毒毒素是一种神经毒素，是一种肌肉松弛剂，它可使肌肉发生麻痹，神经科、眼科等常用它来治疗眼睑痉挛、面肌痉挛和斜颈等。加拿大的Carruthers夫妇把它引进到美容医学中，利用A型肉毒毒素注射使肌肉麻痹的原理治疗面部上1/3的表情纹即额头纹、眉间纹和鱼尾纹。1999年美国头痛学会意外地发现那些患头痛病的妇女,注射A型肉毒毒素后不但头痛消失了,而且皱纹也消退了。
美国生产的A型肉毒毒素它是一种冻干粉，需要保存在-5～20℃冰箱中,使用前从冰箱中取出，用0.9%生理盐水1m1稀释，使0.5m1含A型肉毒毒素50u，用1m1注射器，30号针头来注射为什么要稀释到那么小的剂量？这是因为注射到肌肉中去的A型肉毒毒素很容易扩散，如果液体量大了，扩散到其它不需要麻痹的肌肉上就会发生一些并发症。用生理盐水稀释后的A型肉毒毒素只能保存4小时，超过4小时就会变质、失效。A型肉毒毒素的适用范围：注射治疗额头纹 额头纹是横向纹，一般在前额部注射10～12个点，每个点注射2.5～5u，总共25～60u。要注意注射点需离开眉上1～2cm以上，如果注射点太低会发生眼睑下垂并发症。
注射治疗眉间纹
眉间纹是纵行纹，是由额肌、降眉肌和眼轮匝肌内侧缘肌肉引起。在治疗时一般注射4～5个点，每个点注射2.5～5u ,总共10～25u。注射眉间纹也要离眉头远一些，否则会引起眼睑下垂并发症。
注射治疗鱼尾纹
鱼尾纹是由眼轮匝肌的外侧缘肌肉引起。一般在眼眶外侧各注射3个点，共6个点，每个点注射2.5～5u。给鱼尾纹注射时，双侧的点一定要对称，注射剂量要一样多。否则两侧肌肉松弛不一致，会发生复视。
注射治疗颈阔肌纹
颈阔肌纹因为有些像火鸡脖子，故俗称火鸡脖。它常发生于老年女性，前颈部有1～2条长条状，纵行的索状条纹。上面提到的化学剥皮术、皮肤磨削术、激光重塑术都不适用于颈部，因为颈下面是气管与食道，不好操作。如果采用软组织充填术，则越遮越丑，变成大粗脖子，更难看。只有采用A型肉毒毒素注射治疗使颈阔肌放松，皱纹消失。一般在颏下、颈前注射5～6个点，每个点注射5u，总共25～30u。
注射A型肉毒毒素1～2周后肌肉完全松弛，皱纹完全消失，皮肤变平。一次注射以25u为最合适，可维持3～6个月，平均4个月，肌力又逐渐恢复，皱纹又重新出现，因此平均一年要注射3次，而且重复注射仍然有效。
如果您有任何疑问，请遵医嘱。
规格：100iu 1 支

BOTOX® Cosmetic in Houston Texas by Houston Plastic Surgeon。
Millions of men and women of all skin colors and ethnicities have realized the benefits of being treated with BOTOX° Cosmetic (Botulinum Toxin Type A). You can too! When administered by an experienced physician, you can still smile, frown, and look surprised without those lines between your brows.

What is BOTOX® Cosmetic?
Botulinum Toxin Type A. BOTOX® has been used therapeutically for more than 17 years to treat a variety of medical conditions. It is approved in more than 75 countries and remains the most-studied botulinum toxin and one of the most widely researched medicines in the world. In 2002, the same formulation-under the label BOTOX® Cosmetic-was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of moderate to severe frown lines between the brows in people ages 18 to 65.

What causes frown lines between the brows?
The lines that appear between your brows actually result from muscle movement and the passage of time. When powerful muscles between the brows contract, they draw the brows together, causing the skin to fold or furrow. As skin becomes less elastic with age, those folds or furrows result in stubborn lines.

Because frown lines are dynamic lines caused by over-active muscles, they can usually be treated with tiny injections of BOTOX® Cosmetic.

Static lines, on the other hand, are lines that are visible even when the muscles are at rest. These lines are usually treated with a filler, such as Juvaderm injectable gel.
How does BOTOX® Cosmetic work?

During treatment, very low doses of BOTOX® Cosmetic are administered via a few tiny injections directly into the muscles responsible for frown lines between the brows. By blocking the release of a chemical that causes these muscles to contract, BOTOX® Cosmetic enables them to relax. The effects are very localized and, when administered by an experienced physician do not affect your ability to smile, laugh, or otherwise show expression. BOTOX® Cosmetic is the only product of its kind that has been approved for use in this area.

What are the common side effects?
The most common side effects following injection include temporary eyelid droop and nausea. Localized pain, infection, inflammation, tenderness, swelling, redness, and/or bleeding/bruising may be associated with the injection. Patients with certain neuromus-cular disorders such as ALS, myasthenia gravis, or Lam bert-Eaton syndrome may be at increased risk of serious side effects.

Is there any chance of serious side effects?
Serious heart problems and serious allergic reactions have been reported rarely. If you think you're having an allergic reaction or other unusual symptoms, such as difficulty swallowing, speaking, or breathing, call your doctor immediately.

What is the treatment like?
BOTOX® Cosmetic is a quick and minimally invasive procedure consisting of a few tiny injections. Your doctor will determine exactly where to administer these injections to achieve the best results for you. No anesthesia is required, though he or she may choose to numb the area with a cold pack or anesthetic cream prior to injecting. The entire procedure takes approximately 10 minutes and there is no downtime afterward. Discomfort is minimal and brief. Localized pain, infection, inflammation, tenderness, swelling, redness, and/or bleeding/bruising may be associated with the injection.

Click Here to Use The Botox® Treatment Visualizer

Who is being treated with BOTOX® Cosmetic?
Men and women of varying ethnicities have been treated with B0T0X~ Cosmetic. Because it works only on the underlying muscles, it is not expected to affect skin color. Take a look at the results of the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ASAPS) 2006 statistics report:

BOTOX® Cosmetic was the most popular physician-administered cosmetic procedure in the United States for the fifth year in a row (surgical and nonsurgical combined) will nearly 3.2 million treatments in 2006

Racial and ethnic minorities accounted for 22% of all physician-administered cosmetic procedures

Men accounted for nearly 1 million physician-administered cosmetic procedures.