考来替泊片
【中文别名】考来替泊、降胆宁、考来替哌
【英文别名】Colestipol Hydrochloride
药品类别：调节血脂药 
【药理药动】
为阴离子交换树脂，口服后与肠道的胆酸结合，阻碍后者吸收入血，使血中胆酸量减少，结果促使血中胆固醇向胆酸转化，因而降低血胆固醇。
【适 应 症】
此药与考来烯胺一样也是阴离子交换树脂，它的胃肠道作用与考来烯胺相似，如果所用的有效剂量相同，它的不良反应及其相互作用也与考来烯胺相近似。
考来烯胺用于 Ⅱ型高脂血症、动脉粥样硬化以及肝硬化、胆石病引起的瘙痒。
【用法用量】
用法：
(1)治动脉粥样硬化： 1日 3次，每次服粉剂 4—5g。
(2)止痒：开始时 1日量6～10g，维持量每日 3g，3次分服。
【不良反应】
此药与考来烯胺一样也是阴离子交换树脂，它的胃肠道作用与考来烯胺相似，如果所用的有效剂量相同，它的不良反应及其相互作用也与考来烯胺相近似。
其缺点是用量大，约 2％的患者产生胃肠道反应。

Colestipol is a type of bile acid-binding resin that helps the liver to produce more bile acid. When the liver produces more bile acid, it consequently helps the body in eliminating more cholesterol and lowering cholesterol levels.

Colestipol is recommended to individuals suffering from primary hypercholesterolemia, or those who have high cholesterol. It is advised that Colestipol is taken to complement an exercise program and a healthy diet consisting of a low fat and low-cholesterol foods. Colestipol is marketed under the brand name Colestid.

Colestipol is administered orally. The usual dosage is 1-2 times a day. Users should take Colestipol with a large glass of water. In case the physician prescribes dosage of more than 1 tablet, never swallow both tablets. Instead, take them one after another. Never chew or crush the tablets.

The dosage for Colestipol is usually based on the patient’s medical condition. Physicians usually increase the dosage once the patient responds well to the treatment. It usually takes 2 weeks up to several months before Colestipol effectively lowers the cholesterol level in the body.

For best results, it is recommended that patients follow the prescribed dosage. It helps if patients take Colestipol during the same time every day so they will not miss out on a dosage.

Patients should also take other drugs an hour before and 4 hours after they have taken Colestipol. They should never take 2 doses of Colestipol to make up for a missed dosage.

One of the most common side effects of Colestipol is constipation. It is advised that patients drink lots of water, at least 8 glasses each day, to prevent constipation.

Other side effects of Colestipol include indigestion, pain in the abdomen, upset stomach, diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, irritation of the hemorrhoids, and vomiting. In case any of these side effects continue or worsen, patients should immediately notify their physicians.

Some of the more unlikely but severe side effects include muscle aches, pain and stiffness in the joints, unexplained bruising or bleeding, headache, and loss of appetite.

It is very rare that users of Colestipol suffer from serious allergic reaction. Patients may however experience swelling, itching, rashes, difficulty in breathing, and dizziness, which all indicate allergic reaction to the medication.

Patients should inform their physicians of any allergy to Colestipol or any other drug. They should also inform their physicians if they have intestinal obstruction.

A patient’s medical history should be noted before prescribing Colestipol. Swallowing problems, a history of major intestinal procedure, treatment with thyroid medication, constipation problems, liver troubles, and certain bleeding troubles such as hypoprothrombinemia should be taken into account.

It has not been established if taking Colestipol can be passed into infants through breast-feeding.

Certain drugs whether prescription or non-prescription drugs, may also interfere with Colestipol. Patients should inform their physicians if they are taking other drugs like propranolol, hydrochlorothiazide, chorothiazide, gefibrozil, digoxin, oral phosphate supplements, hydrocortisone, and tetracycline.

Likewise, Colestipol may interfere with the body’s absorption of these drugs if they are taken closely with the dosage of Colestipol.
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Colestipol tablets

What are colestipol tablets?

COLESTIPOL (Colestid®) absorbs and combines with bile acids, which increases removal of cholesterol from the body through the stool. It lowers blood fats and cholesterol for patients who are at risk of getting heart disease or a stroke. It is only for patients whose cholesterol level is not controlled by diet. It is not a cure. Generic colestipol tablets are not yet available.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
• bleeding problems or blood vessel disease
• constipation
• gall bladder disease
• hemorrhoids
• kidney disease
• under active thyroid
• an unusual or allergic reaction to cholestyramine, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
• pregnant or trying to get pregnant
• breast-feeding
How should I take this medicine?
Take colestid tablets by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Swallow the tablets whole with a drink of water; do not cut, crush or chew. Drink at least 4 fluid ounces of water with each dose of colestipol. Take your doses at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed.

Contact your pediatrician or health care professional regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.
What if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.
What drug(s) may interact with colestipol?

• carbamazepine
• heart medicines such as digoxin or digitoxin
• penicillin G
• phytonadione
• propranolol
• tetracycline antibiotics
• thyroid hormones
• ursodiol
• vancomycin
• vitamin A
• vitamin D
• warfarin
• water pills
In general, take other medicines at least 1 hour before, or 4 hours after a dose of colestipol, to avoid colestipol interfering with their absorption.

Tell your prescriber or health care professional about all other medicines you are taking, including non-prescription medicines, nutritional supplements, or herbal products. Also tell your prescriber or health care professional if you are a frequent user of drinks with caffeine or alcohol, if you smoke, or if you use illegal drugs. These may affect the way your medicine works. Check with your health care professional before stopping or starting any of your medicines.

What should I watch for while taking colestipol?

Colestipol will not cure your condition, but taken regularly it will help keep down your cholesterol level. Visit your prescriber or health care professional for regular checks on your progress. Do not stop taking colestipol, except on your prescriber's advice.

Colestipol is only part of a total cholesterol-lowering program. Your physician or dietician can suggest a low-cholesterol and low-fat diet that will reduce your risk of getting heart and blood vessel disease. Avoid alcohol and smoking, and keep a proper exercise schedule.

Drink plenty of water while you are taking colestipol, to reduce the chance of getting constipated. Increase the amount of fiber in your diet. Ask your prescriber or health care professional for advice if you are constipated.

What side effects may I notice from taking colestipol?

Side effects that you should report to your prescriber or health care professional as soon as possible:
• bloody or black, tarry stools
• severe stomach pain with nausea and vomiting
• unusual bleeding
• weight loss

Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your prescriber or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
• diarrhea
• dizziness
• headache
• indigestion
• nausea, vomiting
• stomach upset, belching, bloating

Where can I keep my medicine?

Keep out of the reach of children in a container that small children cannot open.

Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Protect from moisture. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.