英文商品名: SOMAZINA
英文药品名: CITICOLINE
考药品译名:胞磷胆碱
胞二磷胆碱口服液(SOMAZINA GOTAS )
胞二磷胆碱包衣片
胞二磷胆碱口服液
胞二磷胆碱注射溶液
组成
每个包片含500毫克SOMAZINA ®:
钠522.5毫克胞二磷胆碱(胞二磷胆碱胞二磷胆碱500毫克相当于或基地
C.s.p.辅料
每1克SOMAZINA ®片剂包括:
胞二磷胆碱钠一点零四五克(相当于胞二磷胆碱或胞二磷胆碱基地1克
C.s.p.辅料
每个SOMAZINA ®口服滴毫升(20滴)包含:
104.5毫克钠胞二磷胆碱(胞二磷胆碱胞二磷胆碱或相当于100毫克基地
C.s.p.辅料
每4 SOMAZINA ®解决方案毫升小瓶注射包含:
钠522.5毫克胞二磷胆碱(胞二磷胆碱胞二磷胆碱或相当于500毫克基地。
注水c.s.p.
药理作用
SOMAZINA ®含有活性物质的胞二磷胆碱(胞二磷胆碱),连同其水解产物,胆碱,胞苷,参与了在形成和修复有关的结构磷脂合成的重要作用神经细胞膜,尤其是卵磷脂。这也有助于为关键的代谢功能的核酸,乙酰胆碱和蛋白质的形成。
胞二磷胆碱后,以口头或肠外管理,释放它的两个主要组成部分,胞苷和胆碱。口服吸收几乎是完整的,其结果是口头吸收大约为静脉路线相同。
一旦吸收,在体内广泛分布,穿过血脑屏障,达到中枢神经系统(CNS),它融合了微粒体膜磷脂含量。胞二磷胆碱激活的神经元膜,增加脑代谢和神经递质对不同水平的行为结构磷脂的合成。因此,实验已表明,胞二磷胆碱增加去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺水平的中枢神经系统。这些药理学机制下,胞二磷胆碱已在缺氧,缺血保护作用的情况下,降低缺血性损伤量,也提高学习和记忆能力。
另一方面表明,胞二磷胆碱恢复线粒体ATP酶泵和Na + / K + ATP酶膜,活性抑制磷脂酶的激活和某些加速了脑水肿的重吸收。
这也证明能够抑制脑缺血,并在某些型号的神经退化,以及加强相关的神经可塑性的机制凋亡的机制。胞二磷胆碱是一种安全的药物,如进行了毒理学试验证明,缺乏显着的全身胆碱作用,是完全不能容忍的产品。
这些药理特性和胞二磷胆碱的作用机制表明,这种产品可能是在脑血管疾病治疗的药品,创伤性脑损伤不同程度和不同病因的认知障碍(TBI)的。在TEC的治疗与研究,胞二磷胆碱能加速外伤性昏迷及神经症状恢复,改善痴呆和认知障碍后观察一种不太严重的脑外伤,并构成所谓的后Conmocional的综合症。在病人的脑血管疾病急性缺血性中风的治疗,胞二磷胆碱加速意识和电机赤字恢复,得到一个更好的最终结果,并促进对这些患者的康复。在慢性脑缺血患者,胞二磷胆碱改善认知评估量表得分,而在与阿尔茨海默型老年痴呆症患者,能够抑制疾病的进展,已被形容神经内分泌影响,神经生理学neuroinmunomoduladores有益的。此外,胞二磷胆碱,也被证明是在帕金森氏症,吸毒和酗酒,以及ambioplía和青光眼有效。在任何严重的副作用与胞二磷胆碱治疗的患者系列出现了,在与胞二磷胆碱治疗的安全性产生。
适应症
片剂和口服滴:脑血管功能不全的慢性神经系统表现(头晕,头痛,失眠,记忆力减退,注意力和集中,走路不稳,言语不清,偏瘫)的辅助治疗。
中风后遗症(电机赤字,痉挛性增高,疲劳,情绪低落)。
老年退化(失去记忆,兴趣和关注,性格改变,刚性不足,choreic综合征)神经精神表现。
解注:紧急治疗任何病因(外伤,血管,代谢,外科,中毒性昏迷等),急性脑损伤,这导致了意识的全部或部分损失。
Posanestesia复苏。
锥体外系增高(帕金森)。
SOMAZINA ®与这些病理表现每一个具体的治疗兼容。
禁忌:在已知的药物过敏病例。不加以管理与副交感神经张力亢进的患者。
副作用:偶尔能有适度的影响降低乘客,恶心,头晕,烦躁不安和兴奋,有时临时离散的感受。
警告:当直接静脉注射必须非常缓慢。这是明智的管理3-5分钟注射。
相互作用:胞二磷胆碱增强的L -多巴的影响。不能同时使用含有centrophenoxine管理的药品。
警告:在持续性颅内出血200毫克,2至3倍,每天,因为高剂量可导致脑血流增加剂量的情况。
不推荐使用荒地,除非怀孕和哺乳期的潜在利益大于潜在的风险。
不兼容的问题:有没有已知的不兼容的物理化学。
与所有的注射可作为静脉注射,可添加到任何输液滴注高渗葡萄糖混合等渗管理解决方案兼容。切勿与centrophenoxine。
处理过量时:过量并无个案由于SOMAZINA ®低毒性。在误食,对症治疗的用例。
剂量和用法
剂量SOMAZINA ®是根据临床和医疗标准。
SOMAZINA ® 500毫克片剂
•成人和14岁以上儿童:1片,1至4次。
1克SOMAZINA ®包衣片
•成人和14岁以上儿童:1片1至2次。
SOMAZINA ®
•成人:200毫克(2毫升),每日2至3倍。
•儿童:100毫克(1毫升),每日2至3倍。
SOMAZINA ®解决方案为注射:500 mg注射一次或一天数次,对正在接受治疗症状的严重程度而定。在急性建议每日剂量在2000年3至4次分数每天4000毫克。它可以以肌肉注射,静脉注射速度非常慢(3至5分钟)或滴注。它可与任何兼容输液。剂量及给药途径应该是依法设立的医疗标准。
规格和制剂
SOMAZINA ® 500毫克片剂。
1克SOMAZINA ®包衣片
SOMAZINA ®口腔滴:30毫升溶液瓶。
1毫升含100毫克的胞二磷胆碱。
SOMAZINA ®解决方案用于注射:箱含有500毫克的胞二磷胆碱注射2瓶。
医生开处方。勿让儿童接触。存放在阴凉的地方。
Citicoline is a brain chemical that occurs naturally in the body. As a medicine, it is taken by mouth as a supplement or given by IV or as a shot.
Citicoline is used for Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia, head trauma, cerebrovascular disease such as stroke, age-related memory loss, Parkinson's disease, and glaucoma.
Citicoline was originally developed in Japan for stroke. It was later introduced as a prescription drug in many European countries. In these countries it is now frequently prescribed for thinking problems related to circulation problems in the brain. In the US, citicoline is marketed as a dietary supplement.
How does it work?
Citicoline seems to increase a brain chemical called phosphatidylcholine. This brain chemical is important for brain function. Citicoline might also decrease brain tissue damage when the brain is injured.
Possibly Effective for:Age-related memory problems. Citicoline seems to help memory loss in people aged 50 to 85 years.
Stroke recovery. Stroke patients who take citicoline by mouth within 24 hours of having the kind of stroke that is caused by a clot (ischemic stroke) are more likely than other ischemic stroke patients to have a complete recovery within 3 months.
Long-term blood circulation problems in the brain (cerebrovascular diseases). There is some evidence that citicoline taken by mouth or given by IV or as a shot might improve memory and behavior in patients with long-term cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke.
Insufficient Evidence for:Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia. Some evidence suggests that taking citicoline by mouth might improve learning, memory and information processing (cognitive function) in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Parkinson's disease. There is some evidence that citicoline given as a shot along with usual treatment might improve some of the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, but not tremor.
Glaucoma. Developing evidence suggests that citicoline might improve vision in some people with glaucoma.
Vascular dementia. Taking citicoline does not seem to improve symptoms in people with vascular dementia.
Head trauma.
Other conditions.
Side Effects & Safety
Citicoline seems to be safe when taken short-term (up to 90 days). The safety of long-term use is not known. Most people who take citicoline don't experience problematic side effects. But some people can have side effects such as trouble sleeping (insomnia), headache, diarrhea, low or high blood pressure, nausea, blurred vision, chest pains, and others.
Special Precautions & Warnings:
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Not enough is known about the use of citicoline during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.