部分中文VALTREX处方资料（仅供参考）

通用名： 盐酸伐昔洛韦
英文名： VALACICLOVIR HYDROCHLORIDE TABLETS
药品类别 ：抗病毒类
性状 ：本品为薄膜衣片，除去薄膜衣后显白色或类白色。
药理毒理： 本品是阿昔洛韦的前体药物，口服后吸收迅速并在体内很快转化为阿昔洛韦，其抗病毒作用为阿昔洛韦所发挥,阿昔洛韦进入疱疹感染细胞之后，与脱氧核苷竞争病毒胸腺嘧啶激酶或细胞激酶，药物被磷酸化成活化型无环鸟苷三磷酸酯，作为病毒复制的底物与脱氧鸟嘌呤三磷酸酯竞争病毒DNA多聚酶，从而抑制了病毒DNA合成，显示抗病毒作用。本品体内的抗病毒活性优于阿昔洛韦，对单纯性疱疹病毒I型和II型的治疗指数分别比阿昔洛韦高42.91%和30.13%。对水痘带状疱疹病毒也有很高的疗效，对哺乳动物宿主细胞的毒性很低。大鼠和小鼠灌胃给药的LD50分别4.4g/kg和1.51g/kg。由于本品在体内很快转化为阿昔洛韦，其代谢物在体内没有蓄积现象。在不同阶段的长期毒性试验中，本品与阿昔洛韦具有相同的安全性。
药代动力学 本品口服后迅速吸收转化为阿昔洛韦，血中阿昔洛韦达峰时间为0.88～1.75小时。口服生物利用度为67±13%，是阿昔洛韦的3～5倍。本品进入体内后广泛分布，可分布至多种组织中，其中胃、小肠、肾、肝、淋巴结和皮肤组织中浓度最高，脑组织中的浓度最低。本品在体内全部转化为阿昔洛韦，代谢物主要从尿中排除，其中阿昔洛韦占46%～ 59%，8-羟基-9-鸟嘌呤占25%～30%，9-羟基甲氧基鸟嘌呤占11%～12%。阿昔洛韦原形为单相消除，血消除半衰期（t1/2β）为2.86±0.39小时。
适应症： 用于治疗水痘带状疱疹及I型、II型单纯疱疹病毒感染，包括初发和复发的生殖器疱疹病毒感染。本品可用于阿昔洛韦的所有适应症。
用法用量 ：口服一次0.3g，一日2次，饭前空腹服用。带状疱疹连续服药10日。单纯性疱疹连续服药7日。
不良反应： 偶有头晕、头痛、关节痛、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、胃部不适、食欲减退、口渴、白细胞下降、蛋白尿及尿素氮轻度升高、皮肤瘙痒等，长程给药偶见痤疮、失眠、月经紊乱。
禁忌症 ：对本品及阿昔洛韦过敏者禁用。
注意事项 ：
1.对更昔洛韦过敏者也可能对本品过敏。
2.脱水或已有肝、肾功能不全者慎用。肾功能不全者在接受本品治疗时,需根据肌酐清除率来校正剂量。
3.严重免疫功能缺陷者长期或多次应用本品治疗后可能引起单纯疱疹病毒和带状疱疹病毒对本品耐药。如单纯疱疹患者应用本品后皮损不见改善者应测试单纯疱疹病毒对本品的敏感性。
4.随访检查：由于生殖器疱疹患者大多易患子宫颈癌，因此患者至少应一年检查一次，以早期发现。
5.一旦疱疹症状与体征出现，应尽早给药。
6.服药期间应给予患者充分的水，防止阿昔洛韦在肾小管内沉淀。
7.一次血液透析可使阿昔洛韦的血药浓度减低60%，因此血液透析后应补给一次剂量。
8.生殖器复发性疱疹感染以间歇短程疗法给药有效。由于动物实验曾发现本品对生育的影响及致突变作用，因此口服剂量与疗程不应超过推荐标准。生殖器复发性疱疹的长程疗法也不应超过6个月。
9.本品对单纯疱疹病毒的潜伏感染和复发无明显效果，不能根除病毒。
孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药 阿昔洛韦能通过胎盘，孕妇用药需权衡利弊。阿昔洛韦在乳汁中的浓度为血药浓度的0.6～4.1倍，哺乳期妇女应慎用。
儿童用药 ：儿童用药的安全性和有效性尚未确定。
老年患者用药 ：由于生理性肾功能的衰退，本品剂量与用药间期需调整。
药物相互作用 ：
1.与齐多夫定（Zidovudine）合用可引起肾毒性，表现为深度昏睡和疲劳。
2.与丙磺舒竞争性抑制有机酸分泌,合用丙磺舒可使阿昔洛韦的排泄减慢,半衰期延长,体内药物蓄积。
药物过量  
贮藏： 密封，在干燥处保存。

VALTREX

Valtrex Description

Valtrex is a medicine that is used to fight viruses, also known as an antiviral. This particular medicine is used in those with normal immune systems in order to aid them against viruses such as shingles (herpes zoster) and genital or oral herpes simplex viruses. In those patients who suffer from genital herpes, Valtrex can be used in addition to safe sex methods in order to reduce the spread of the virus to others. There may be other viruses where Valtrex is a good choice of medication for you and so do not be surprised if your doctor prescribes you this medication for another condition.

Valtrex Directions
As is the case with all drugs, it is vital that you carefully follow the instructions given to you by your doctor. Valtrex comes with a leaflet that will provide you with information about the medicine and how to use it. However if you do happen to have any questions about how to take this medicine then you should talk to your pharmacist, nurse or doctor and they will be happy to help you. It is not important if you take this medicine with food or on an empty stomach, however you must not mix the medicine in with your food or with any liquid. It is advisable to drink an entire glass of water when you take the medicine. Where you keep the medicine is very important and in this case it must be stored at room temperature (77 degrees F) away from the sun and in the bottle or box provided or in an airtight container. You must take the medicine as directed by your doctor and if you can take it at the same time everyday i.e. at breakfast time, then that may help you to remember. It is very important that you take this medicine everyday as directed and do not miss a dose, even if you are feeling better. Failure to take your medicine as directed will likely result in the worsening of your symptoms. In the unfortunate scenario that you do forget to take a dose, you must take the missed dose as soon as you remember unless this is near the time of your next dose. In this case you should just forget about the missed dose and carry on with your normal schedule, as you must never take two doses of a single medication at the same time. If you have any concerns then you should contact your pharmacist, nurse or doctor for more information.

Valtrex Cautions
Herpes is a condition that should begin to improve within a few days of starting the medication. If the virus does not improve or if symptoms worsen then it is important to contact your doctor. In the case of genital herpes you should begin using the medicine at the first signs of infection such as blisters, burns or pain. You must use protective sexual measures such as condoms while being treated for genital herpes. Valtrex can cause dizziness and so you should avoid performing tasks such as driving, operating heavy machinery or any other dangerous activities until you know what effects the medicine will have on you. If this medicine is taken in combination with alcohol or any other forms of medications your ability to perform everyday tasks may be impaired and you should talk to your doctor about this if you are concerned. Valtrex may have adverse effects on the fetus in pregnant women and so all women who may be thinking about getting pregnant should weigh up the pros and cons of taking this medicine during pregnancy with their doctor. Also it is unknown if Valtrex is excreted in the breast milk and so general advice at this time is to speak with your doctor about whether it is safe for you to breastfeed. If Valtrex is used in elderly patients it can be said that they may be more sensitive to its effects and so this should be discussed with the doctor.

Valtrex Side Effects
As is the case with most drugs Valtrex is not without its side effects. Some of the things that you may notice when taking this medication include vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, headache or dizziness. Many of these may be minor and go away during the course of treatment, however if they do bother you then you must talk to your doctor. If at any point you experience symptoms of fever, toxicity, speech problems, yellowing of the skin or eyes, pale skin, pinpoint bruises, weakness, seizures or dark urine then you must visit your doctor as soon as possible. Fortunately it is uncommon for someone to have an allergic reaction to this medicine, however they do occur and if you notice severe dizziness, a rash, itching, trouble breathing or swelling then you must seek immediate medical attention.

Valtrex Active Ingredients
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VALTREX

The active ingredient in Valtrex is valacyclovir. It is used in the treatment of herpes zoster (shingles) and genital herpes. It does not cure herpes but decreases pain and itching, helps sores to heal, and prevents formation of new sores. Valtrex is classified as an anti-viral drug. It may also be used for treatment of cold sores and chickenpox.

DRUG USAGE

Valtrex comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It is usually taken every 8 hours for 7 days to treat shingles. To treat genital herpes it is usually taken twice a day for 5 days. Take Valtrex exactly as directed and do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor. Start using Valtrex as soon as possible after symptoms appear. Drink plenty of fluids while taking this drug.

Inform your doctor if you have kidney disease, blood disorders or immune system problems (e.g., HIV/AIDS, bone marrow transplant, organ transplant).

This drug may cause dizziness. Do not drive or use machinery until you know how you react to the drug. Limit consumption of alcoholic beverages.

This medication should be used in pregnancy only when clearly needed and the benefits of using this drug outweigh the risks. This medication passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor  before using Valtrex if you are breast-feeding.

Inform your doctor if you are taking probenecid or cimetidine.
SIDE EFFECTS

Valacyclovir may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not subside:
headache
upset stomach
vomiting
diarrhea or loose stools
constipation
Call your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following severe side effects:
rash
itching
confusion
yellowness of the skin or eyes
fever
blood in the urine
HOW SUPPLIED
Valtrex is available by prescription only.
Store at room temperature away from excessive heat and moisture.
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附件：

200932920400838.pdf    

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注：以下产品不同规格和不同价格，购买时请以电话咨询为准！
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产地国家: 英国
原产地英文商品名:
VALTREX 500mg/Caplet 30Tablets
原产地英文药品名:
VALACYCLOVIR HCL
中文参考商品译名:
维德思 500毫克/囊片 30片/盒
中文参考药品译名:
盐酸伐昔洛韦
生产厂家中文参考译名:
葛兰素史克
生产厂家英文名:
GlaxoSmithKline
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产地国家: 英国
原产地英文商品名:
VALTREX 500mg/Caplet 42Tablets
原产地英文药品名:
VALACYCLOVIR HCL
中文参考商品译名:
维德思 500毫克/囊片 42片/盒
中文参考药品译名:
盐酸伐昔洛韦片
生产厂家中文参考译名:
葛兰素史克
生产厂家英文名:
GlaxoSmithKline
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产地国家: 英国
原产地英文商品名:
VALTREX 500mg/Caplet 100Tablets
原产地英文药品名:
VALACYCLOVIR HCL
中文参考商品译名:
维德思 500毫克/小胶囊，100片/盒
中文参考药品译名:
盐酸伐昔洛韦
生产厂家中文参考译名:
葛兰素史克
生产厂家英文名:
GlaxoSmithKline
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产地国家: 英国
原产地英文商品名:
VALTREX 500mg/Caplet 84Tablets
原产地英文药品名:
VALACYCLOVIR HCL
中文参考商品译名:
维德思 500毫克/囊片 84片/盒
中文参考药品译名:
盐酸伐昔洛韦
生产厂家中文参考译名:
葛兰素史克
生产厂家英文名:
GlaxoSmithKline