2009年6月11日，美国食品药品管理局（FDA）宣布批准布洛芬的注射剂型（Caldolor）上市，用于疼痛和发热的治疗，用作无法口服用药患者的替代治疗。
Caldolor将仅可在医院内应用，其批准的剂量和用法为：对于急性疼痛，每6小时应用400～800mg，每次30分钟以上输注；对于发热，首剂400mg，30分钟以上输注，尔后按需每4～6小时给予400mg或每4小时应用100～200mg。
在对包括319例接受择期经腹子宫切除术的女性患者进行的一项临床研究中，当给予Caldolor后，患者更少要求应用吗啡，尽管吗啡是可按需索取的。在这项对照临床试验中出现最多的不良反应是恶心、胃肠气胀、呕吐和头痛。
以下患者应慎用Caldolor：充血性心力衰竭、肾功能不全、有发生血栓形成风险和有胃肠溃疡或出血史的患者。当这些患者应用Caldolor时，应在尽量短的时间内给予最低有效剂量，以尽可能减少不良事件的发生。有研究证明，此药可引起高血压、严重皮肤和过敏反应。

CALDOLOR（布洛芬）用于静脉内使用

美国首次批准：1974  生产商：坎伯兰制药公司

作用机制
布洛芬的作用机制，与其他非甾体抗炎药一样，不完全清楚，但可能与抑制前列腺素的合成。 caldolor具有抗炎，镇痛和解热活性。

适应症及用法
Caldolor是成人的NSAID表示.

轻度至中度疼痛管理.
管理的中度至重度疼痛作为一种辅助阿片类镇痛药.
减少发热.
【用法用量】
疼痛：400毫克至800毫克，静脉滴注超过30分钟，每6小时为必要.
发热：400毫克静脉注射，然后在30分钟内由400毫克每4至6小时，或100-200毫克，每4小时一次必要。
患者必须有充足的水分前Caldolor管理。
Caldolor前必须稀释管理.
剂型和优势
小瓶：400毫克/ 4毫升或800毫克/ 8毫升
禁忌
已知的过敏布洛芬和其他非甾体抗炎药.
哮喘，荨麻疹​​或过敏性反应后，服用阿司匹林或其他非甾体抗炎药.
使用过程中的围手术期冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）手术的设置.
警告和注意事项
严重和潜在致命性心血管血栓事件的发生：使用最低有效剂量Caldolor的最短的时间.
严重和潜在致命的胃肠道反应：使用最低有效剂量Caldolor的最短的时间。与溃疡病或胃肠道出血病史的患者，一定要小心使用。
肝功能的影响：从转氨酶升高，肝功能衰竭的范围。立即停止Caldolor，如果肝功能异常持续或恶化.
高血压：可发生与NSAID处理。密切监测血压，在治疗过程中与Caldolor.
可能出现的非甾体抗炎药治疗充血性心脏衰竭和水肿：液体潴留和水肿。使用Caldolor与液体潴留或心脏衰竭的患者慎用。
肾功能的影响：长期服用非甾体抗炎药可导致肾乳头坏死及其他肾脏损伤。使用Caldolor的风险（例如，老年人，肾功能不全，心脏衰竭，肝损害，服用利尿剂或血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂）的患者慎用。
过敏性反应：可能发生在患者与阿司匹林黑社会或没有事先暴露Caldolor的患者。立即停止Caldolor，如果发生过敏性反应。
严重的皮肤反应：包括剥脱性皮炎，Stevens-Johnson综合征和中毒性表皮坏死松解症，这可能是致命的。如果出现皮疹或其他标志的局部皮肤反应，停止Caldolor。
不良反应
最常见的不良反应有恶心，胃肠胀气，呕吐，头痛，出血，头晕（> 5％） 
药物相互作用
ACE抑制剂，非甾体抗炎药可能会降低血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂的降压作用。
阿司匹林：一般不建议同时服用布洛芬和阿司匹林，因为潜在增加的不利影响。 
特殊人群中使用
妊娠：妊娠30周后使用，避免，因为过早闭合的动脉导管未闭的胎儿可能发生的。
哺乳母亲：请谨慎使用，因为它是不知道，如果布洛芬分泌至乳汁中。
儿童用药：安全性和有效性尚未建立在小于17岁的患者。

INDICATIONS FOR CALDOLOR
CALDOLOR is indicated in adults for the management of mild to moderate pain, management of moderate to severe pain as an adjunct to opioid analgesics, and reduction of fever.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
CALDOLOR should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure, kidney impairment, at risk of blood clots, and in those who have a history of ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding. When used in such patients, attention to using the lowest effective dose for the shortest time period is important to reduce the risk of serious adverse events. Ibuprofen has been associated with high blood pressure, serious skin reactions, and serious allergic reactions.
CALDOLOR (ibuprofen) Injection, for intravenous useInitial U.S. Approval: 1974 | Caldolor .

Cardiovascular Risk

Gastrointestinal Risk

Caldolor is indicated in adults for the management of mild to moderate pain and the management of moderate to severe pain as an adjunct to opioid analgesics.

Caldolor is indicated for the reduction of fever in adults.

Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals [see Warnings and Precautions (5)]. After observing the response to initial therapy with Caldolor, the dose and frequency should be adjusted to suit an individual patient's needs. Do not exceed 3200 mg total daily dose.

To reduce the risk of renal adverse reactions, patients must be well hydrated prior to administration of Caldolor.

Administer 400 mg to 800 mg intravenously every 6 hours as necessary. Infusion time must be no less than 30 minutes.

Administer 400 mg intravenously, followed by 400 mg every 4 to 6 hours or 100-200 mg every 4 hours as necessary. Infusion time must be no less than 30 minutes.

Caldolor must be diluted prior to intravenous infusion. Dilute to a final concentration of 4 mg/mL or less. Appropriate diluents include 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP (normal saline), 5% Dextrose Injection USP (D5W), or Lactated Ringers Solution.

Visually inspect parenteral drug products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. If visibly opaque particles, discoloration or other foreign particulates are observed, the solution should not be used.

Diluted solutions are stable for up to 24 hours at ambient temperature (approximately 20 to 25° C) and room lighting.

Infusion time must be no less than 30 minutes.

Caldolor is available as a 400 mg/4 mL single-dose vial (100 mg/mL) and 800 mg/8 mL single-dose vial (100 mg/mL).

Caldolor is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactoid reactions and serious skin reactions) to ibuprofen [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7, 5.8)].

Caldolor is contraindicated in patients who have experienced asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs. Severe, rarely fatal anaphylactic-like reactions to NSAIDs have been reported in such patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7, 5.12)].

Caldolor is contraindicated for the treatment of perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Clinical trials of several COX-2 selective and nonselective NSAIDs of up to three years duration have shown an increased risk of serious cardiovascular (CV) thrombotic events, myocardial infarction and stroke, which can be fatal. All NSAIDs, both COX-2 selective and nonselective, may have a similar risk. Patients with known CV disease or risk factors for CV disease may be at greater risk. To minimize the potential risk for an adverse CV event in patients treated with an NSAID, use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible. Physicians and patients should remain alert for the development of such events, even in the absence of previous CV symptoms. Patients should be informed about the signs and/or symptoms of serious CV events and the steps to take if they occur.

Two large, controlled clinical trials of a COX-2 selective NSAID for the treatment of pain in the first 10-14 days following CABG surgery found an increased incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke [see Contraindications (4.3)].

There is no consistent evidence that concurrent use of aspirin mitigates the increased risk of serious CV thrombotic events associated with NSAID use. The concurrent use of aspirin and an NSAID does increase the risk of serious gastrointestinal (GI) events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ].

NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, can cause serious GI adverse events including inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, and perforation of the stomach, small intestine, or large intestine, which can be fatal. These serious adverse events can occur at any time, with or without warning symptoms, in patients treated with NSAIDs. Only one in five patients who develop a serious upper GI adverse event on NSAID therapy is symptomatic. Upper GI ulcers, gross bleeding, or perforation caused by NSAIDs occur in approximately 1% of patients treated for 3-6 months and in about 2-4% of patients treated for one year. These trends continue with longer duration of use, increasing the likelihood of developing a serious GI event at some time during the course of therapy. However, even short-term therapy is not without risk.

Prescribe NSAIDs, including Caldolor, with extreme caution in those with a prior history of ulcer disease or GI bleeding. Patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or GI bleeding who use NSAIDs have a greater than 10-fold increased risk for developing a GI bleed compared to treated patients with neither of these risk factors. Other factors that increase the risk of GI bleeding in patients treated with NSAIDs include concomitant use of oral corticosteroids or anticoagulants, longer duration of NSAID therapy, smoking, use of alcohol, older age, and poor general health status. Most reports of spontaneous fatal GI events are in elderly or debilitated patients, and therefore special care should be taken in treating this population.

To minimize the potential risk for an adverse GI event in patients treated with an NSAID, use the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible duration. Patients and physicians should remain alert for signs and symptoms of GI ulcerations and bleeding during NSAID therapy and promptly initiate additional evaluation and treatment if a serious GI event is suspected. This should include discontinuation of the NSAID until a serious GI adverse event is ruled out. For high-risk patients, alternate therapies that do not involve NSAIDs should be considered.

Borderline elevations of one or more liver tests may occur in up to 15% of patients taking NSAIDs, including ibuprofen. These laboratory abnormalities may progress, may remain unchanged, or may be transient with continuing therapy. Notable elevations of ALT or AST (approximately three or more times the upper limit of normal) have been reported in approximately 1% of patients in clinical trials with NSAIDs. In addition, rare cases of severe hepatic reactions have been reported, including jaundice, fulminant hepatitis, liver necrosis and hepatic failure, some with fatal outcomes. A patient with symptoms and/or signs suggesting liver dysfunction, or with abnormal liver test values, should be evaluated for evidence of the development of a more severe hepatic reaction while on therapy with ibuprofen. If clinical signs and symptoms consistent with liver disease develop, or if systemic manifestations occur (e.g., eosinophilia, rash, etc.), ibuprofen should be discontinued.

NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, can lead to onset of new hypertension or worsening of pre-existing hypertension, either of which may contribute to the increased incidence of CV events. Use NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, with caution in patients with hypertension. Monitor blood pressure closely during the initiation of NSAID treatment and throughout the course of therapy.

Patients taking ACE inhibitors, thiazides, or loop diuretics may have impaired response to these therapies when taking NSAIDs.

Fluid retention and edema have been observed in some patients taking NSAIDs. Use Caldolor with caution in patients with fluid retention or heart failure.

Use caution when initiating treatment with Caldolor in patients with considerable dehydration.

Long-term administration of NSAIDs has resulted in renal papillary necrosis and other renal injury. Renal toxicity has also been seen in patients in whom renal prostaglandins have a compensatory role in the maintenance of renal perfusion. In these patients, administration of an NSAID may cause a dose dependent reduction in prostaglandin formation and, secondarily, in renal blood flow, which may precipitate overt renal decompensation. Patients at greatest risk of this reaction are those with impaired renal function, heart failure, liver dysfunction, those taking diuretics or ACE inhibitors, and the elderly. Discontinuation of NSAID therapy is usually followed by recovery to the pretreatment state.

No information is available from controlled clinical studies regarding the use of Caldolor in patients with advanced renal disease. If Caldolor therapy must be initiated in patients with advanced renal disease, closely monitor the patient's renal function.

As with other NSAIDs, anaphylactoid reactions may occur in patients without known prior exposure to ibuprofen. Caldolor is contraindicated in patients with the aspirin triad. This symptom complex typically occurs in asthmatic patients who experience rhinitis with or without nasal polyps, or who exhibit severe, potentially fatal bronchospasm after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs [see Contraindications (4.2)].

NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, can cause serious skin adverse reactions such as exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which can be fatal. These serious events may occur without warning. Inform patients about the signs and symptoms of serious skin manifestations, and to discontinue Caldolor at the first appearance of skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity.

Starting at 30 weeks gestation, Caldolor, and other NSAIDs, should be avoided by pregnant women as premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus may occur [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].

The pharmacological activity of ibuprofen in reducing fever and inflammation may diminish the utility of these diagnostic signs in detecting complications of presumed noninfectious, painful conditions.

Caldolor must be diluted prior to use. Infusion of the drug product without dilution can cause hemolysis [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].

Anemia may occur in patients receiving NSAIDs, including ibuprofen. This may be due to fluid retention, occult or gross GI blood loss, or an incompletely described effect on erythropoiesis. In patients on long-term treatment with NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, check hemoglobin or hematocrit if they exhibit any signs or symptoms of anemia or blood loss.

NSAIDs inhibit platelet aggregation and have been shown to prolong bleeding time in some patients. Unlike aspirin, their effects on platelet function are less severe quantitatively, of shorter duration, and reversible. Carefully monitor patients who may be adversely affected by alterations in platelet function, such as those with coagulation disorders or patients receiving anticoagulants.

Patients with asthma may have aspirin-sensitive asthma. The use of aspirin in patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma has been associated with severe bronchospasm, which can be fatal. Since cross-reactivity between aspirin and NSAIDs has been reported in such aspirin-sensitive patients, including bronchospasm, Caldolor is contraindicated in patients with this form of aspirin sensitivity and should be used with caution in all patients with pre-existing asthma.

Blurred or diminished vision, scotomata, and changes in color vision have been reported with oral ibuprofen. Discontinue ibuprofen if a patient develops such complaints, and refer the patient for an ophthalmologic examination that includes central visual fields and color vision testing.

Aseptic meningitis with fever and coma has been observed in patients on oral ibuprofen therapy. Although it is probably more likely to occur in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and related connective tissue diseases, it has been reported in patients who do not have underlying chronic disease. If signs or symptoms of meningitis develop in a patient on ibuprofen, give consideration to whether or not the signs or symptoms are related to ibuprofen therapy.

Because serious GI tract ulcerations and bleeding can occur without warning symptoms, physicians should monitor for signs or symptoms of GI bleeding.

Patients on long-term treatment with NSAIDs should have CBC and chemistry profiles checked periodically. If clinical signs and symptoms consistent with liver or renal disease develop, systemic manifestations occur (e.g., eosinophilia, rash), or abnormal liver tests persist or worsen, discontinue Caldolor.

The following serious adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling:

The most common adverse reactions reported in clinical studies are nausea, flatulence, vomiting, and headache.

The most common reason for discontinuation due to adverse events in controlled trials of Caldolor is pruritus (<1%).

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be compared directly to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

During clinical development, 560 patients were exposed to Caldolor, 438 in pain and 122 with fever. In the pain studies, Caldolor was started intra-operatively and administered at a dose of 400 mg or 800 mg every six hours for up to three days. In the fever studies, Caldolor was administered at doses of 100 mg, 200 mg, or 400 mg every four or six hours for up to 3 days.

The most frequent type of adverse reaction occurring with oral ibuprofen is gastrointestinal.

Pain Studies

The incidence rates of adverse reactions listed in the following table were derived from multi-center, controlled clinical studies in post-operative patients comparing Caldolor to placebo in patients also receiving morphine as needed for post-operative pain.

Fever Studies

Fever studies were conducted in febrile hospitalized patients with malaria and febrile hospitalized patients with varying causes of fever. In hospitalized febrile patients with malaria, the adverse reactions observed in at least two Caldolor-treated patients included abdominal pain and nasal congestion.

In hospitalized febrile patients (all causes), adverse reactions observed in more than two patients in any given treatment group are presented in the table below.

Table 2: Patients with Adverse Reactions Observed in ≥ 3% of Patients in any Caldolor Treatment Group in All-Cause Fever Study

Event	Caldolor			Placebo N=28
	100 mg N=30	200 mg N=30	400 mg N=31
Any Reaction	27 (87%)	25 (83%)	23 (74%)	25 (89%)
Anemia	5 (17%)	6 (20%)	11 (36%)	4 (14%)
Eosinophilia	7 (23%)	7 (23%)	8 (26%)	7 (25%)
Hypokalemia	4 (13%)	4 (13%)	6 (19%)	5 (18%)
Hypoproteinemia	3 (10%)	0	4 (13%)	2 (7%)
Neutropenia	2 (7%)	2 (7%)	4 (13%)	2 (7%)
Blood urea increased	0	0	3 (10%)	0
Hypernatremia	2 (7%)	0	3 (10%)	0
Hypertension	0	0	3 (10%)	0
Hypoalbuminemia	3 (10%)	1 (3%)	3 (10%)	1 (4%)
Hypotension	0	2 (7%)	3 (10%)	1 (4%)
Diarrhea	3 (10%)	3 (10%)	2 (7%)	2 (7%)
Pneumonia bacterial	3 (10%)	1 (3%)	2 (7%)	0
Blood LDH increased	3 (10%)	2 (7%)	1 (3%)	1 (4%)
Thrombocythemia	3 (10%)	2 (7%)	1 (3%)	0
Bacteremia	4 (13%)	0	0	0

When ibuprofen is administered with aspirin, ibuprofen's protein binding is reduced, although the clearance of free ibuprofen is not altered. The clinical significance of this interaction is not known; however, as with other NSAIDs, concomitant administration of Caldolor and aspirin is not generally recommended because of the potential for increased adverse effects.

The effects of warfarin and NSAIDs on GI bleeding are synergistic, such that the users of both drugs together have a higher risk of serious GI bleeding than users of either drug alone [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ].

NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. This interaction should be given consideration in patients taking NSAIDs concomitantly with ACE inhibitors.

Clinical studies and postmarketing observations have shown that ibuprofen can reduce the natriuretic effects of furosemide and thiazides in some patients. This response has been attributed to inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis. During concomitant therapy with NSAIDs, observe patients closely for signs of renal failure, as well as to assure diuretic efficacy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

NSAIDs have produced elevations of plasma lithium levels and a reduction in renal lithium clearance. The mean minimum lithium concentration increased 15%, and the renal clearance of lithium decreased by 20%. This effect has been attributed to inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis by the NSAID. Thus, when NSAIDs and lithium are administered concurrently, observe patients carefully for signs of lithium toxicity.

NSAIDs have been reported to competitively inhibit methotrexate accumulation in rabbit kidney slices. This indicates that NSAIDs may enhance the toxicity of methotrexate. Use caution when NSAIDs are administered concomitantly with methotrexate.

In studies of human volunteers, co-administration of cimetidine or ranitidine with ibuprofen had no substantive effect on ibuprofen serum concentrations.

Teratogenic effects - Pregnancy Category C prior to 30 weeks gestation; Category D starting at 30 weeks gestation.

Starting at 30 weeks gestation, Caldolor, and other NSAIDs, should be avoided by pregnant women as premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus may occur. Caldolor can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman starting at 30 weeks gestation.

There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Prior to 30 weeks gestation, Caldolor should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Reproductive studies conducted in rats and rabbits have not demonstrated evidence of developmental abnormalities.

The effects of Caldolor on labor and delivery in pregnant women are unknown. In rat studies, maternal exposure to NSAIDs, as with other drugs known to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, increased the incidence of dystocia and delayed parturition, and decreased pup survival.

It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from Caldolor, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Safety and effectiveness of Caldolor for management of pain and reduction of fever has not been established in pediatric patients below the age of 17 years.

Clinical studies of Caldolor did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. Elderly patients are at increased risk for serious GI adverse events.

The following signs and symptoms have occurred in individuals following an overdose of oral ibuprofen: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, and dizziness. There are no specific measures to treat acute overdosage with Caldolor. There is no known antidote to ibuprofen. In case of an overdosage, discontinue Caldolor therapy and consider contacting a regional poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.

Caldolor contains the active ingredient ibuprofen, which is (±)-2-(p-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid. Ibuprofen is a white powder with a melting point of 74-77°C. It has a molecular weight of 206.28. It is very slightly soluble in water (<1 mg/mL) and readily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone. The structural formula of ibuprofen is represented below:

Each 1 mL of solution contains 100 mg of ibuprofen in Water for Injection, USP. The product also contains 78 mg/mL arginine at a molar ratio of 0.92:1 arginine:ibuprofen. The solution pH is about 7.4.

Caldolor is sterile and is intended for intravenous administration only.

Ibuprofen's mechanism of action, like that of other NSAIDs, is not completely understood but may be related to prostaglandin synthetase inhibition. Caldolor possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activity.

Ibuprofen is a racemic mixture of [-]R- and [+]S-isomers. In vivo and in vitro studies indicate that the [+]S-isomer is responsible for clinical activity. The [-]R-form, while thought to be pharmacologically inactive, is slowly and incompletely (~60%) interconverted into the active [+]S species in adults. The [-]R-isomer serves as a circulating reservoir to maintain levels of active drug. The pharmacokinetic parameters of Caldolor determined in a study with volunteers are presented below.

Ibuprofen, like most NSAIDs, is highly protein bound (>99% bound at 20 mcg/mL). Protein binding is saturable, and at concentrations >20 mcg/mL binding is nonlinear. Based on oral dosing data, there is an age- or fever-related change in volume of distribution for ibuprofen.

The effect of Caldolor on acute pain was evaluated in two multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies.

In a study of women who had undergone an elective abdominal hysterectomy, 319 patients were randomized and treated with Caldolor 800 mg or placebo administered every 6 hours (started intra-operatively) and morphine administered on an as needed basis. Efficacy was demonstrated as a statistically significant greater reduction in the mean morphine consumption through 24 hours in patients who received Caldolor as compared to those receiving placebo (47 mg and 56 mg, respectively). The clinical relevance of this finding is supported by a greater reduction in pain intensity over 24 hours for patients treated with Caldolor, even though morphine was available on an as needed basis.

In a study of patients who had undergone an elective abdominal or orthopedic surgery, 406 patients (87 men, 319 women) were randomized to receive Caldolor 400 mg, Caldolor 800 mg, or placebo administered every 6 hours (started intra-operatively), and morphine on an as needed basis. This study failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in outcome between patients receiving Caldolor 800 mg or 400 mg and placebo, although there were trends favoring the active treatments.

The effect of Caldolor on fever was evaluated in two randomized, double-blind studies.

In a multi-center study, 120 hospitalized patients (88 men, 32 women) with temperatures of 101°F or greater were randomized to Caldolor 400 mg, 200 mg, 100 mg or placebo, administered every 4 hours for 24 hours. Each of the three Caldolor doses, 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg, resulted in a statistically greater percentage of patients with a reduced temperature (<101°F) after 4 hours, compared to placebo (65%, 73%, 77% and 32%, respectively). The dose response is shown in the figure below.

Figure 1: Temperature Reduction by Treatment Group, Hospitalized Febrile Patients

In a single-center study, 60 hospitalized patients (48 men, 12 women) with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria having temperatures ≥100.4°F were randomized to Caldolor 400 mg or placebo, administered every 6 hours for 72 hours of treatment. There was a significant reduction in fever within the first 24 hours of treatment, measured as the area above the temperature 98.6°F vs. time curve for patients treated with Caldolor.

Caldolor is available in the following strengths:

400 mg/4 mL (100 mg/mL)    Carton of 25 vials, NDC 66220-247-04

800 mg/8 mL (100 mg/mL)    Carton of 25 vials, NDC 66220-287-08

Store at controlled room temperature 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP].