美卡舍明注射液Increlex(MECASERMIN)
【商品名称】美卡舍明
【通用名称】基因重组胰岛素生长因子-1
【中文名称】 基因重组胰岛素生长因子-1
【产品英文名称】 Mecasermin
【功效主治】
美卡舍明主要用于长期治疗严重原发性IGF-1缺乏的患儿,或者生长激素(GH)基因缺失且体内出现GH中和抗体患儿的生长不足。美卡舍明不能用于治疗继发性IGF-1缺乏(如因GH缺乏、营养不良、甲状腺机能减退或长期应用激素抗炎治疗所致的IGF-1缺乏)。
【化学成分】
美卡舍明(Mecasermin)即重组人胰岛素样生长因子-1(rh-IGF-1),是一种由70个氨基酸组成的单链多肽,其氨基酸序列与胰岛素大约有50%的同源性。
【药理作用】
IGF-1是生长激素的重要调节物质,它还具有许多重要的生理机能,如促进骨骼、器官和其他组织的生长,抑制肝糖生成、胰岛素分泌,参与神经系统的维护和再生等。
【药物相互作用】
目前尚未开展与美卡舍明有关的药物相互作用研究。当美卡舍明与其他降糖药合用时,可能增强IGF-1诱发的低血糖作用。美卡舍明与重组人生长激素(rh-GH)合用时应小心慎重,因为两者都是用于治疗生长不足,且两者作用机制和反馈机制密切相关。美卡舍明与用于治疗注意力缺陷障碍(ADD)、注意障碍多动综合征(ADHD)和发作性睡病等疾病的神经兴奋剂(包括哌甲酯、右旋哌甲酯、苯丙胺、右旋苯丙胺和去氧麻黄碱等)合用时,也应提高警惕。
【不良反应】
与所有蛋白质药物一样,美卡舍明也可能在部分患者体内诱发产生相应抗体。一项临床试验发现,在给予美卡舍明治疗2年内,23名原发性IGF-1缺乏的患儿中有14名体内出现了抗IGF-1抗体。不过,这些抗体并未引发严重的临床后果(如变态反应或生长减退)。
【用法用量】
美卡舍明为一种澄清的无菌注射剂,规格为4ml:40mg。美卡舍明应采取个体化给药方式,其推荐初始剂量为0.04~0.08mg/kg(40~80μg/kg),一天2次,皮下注射。若患者在给药1周后耐受良好,美卡舍明每次给药剂量可增大0.04mg/kg,直到最大剂量0.12mg/kg(1天2次)。研究者尚未在原发性IGF-1缺乏的患儿中评价过0.12mg/kg以上剂量的临床表现,而且由于可能发生低血糖反应,因此建议美卡舍明给药剂量不要超过0.12mg/kg。
如果患者在注射推荐剂量美卡舍明,同时摄取足够食物的情况下,仍然出现低血糖反应,则应适度减少美卡舍明给药剂量。美卡舍明应在进餐或进食前后短时间(约20分钟)内给药。若患者在给药前后无法进食,则应取消此次给药。而且在下次给药时,患者也不能因为前次取消给药而随意增加给药剂量。美卡舍明注射给药时应依次轮流更换不同的给药部位,不应固定在同一部位给药。
【贮藏方法】 美卡舍明应在2~8℃下避光保存,不可冷冻。当药瓶开启后,美卡舍明仍可在2~8℃下稳定保存30天。
【注意事项】
美卡舍明的使用应在医师指导下进行。美卡舍明尚未在2岁以下儿童中进行过研究。由于美卡舍明可像胰岛素一样引起低血糖反应,因此在美卡舍明给药前或给药后最好安排患者进餐或进食;年龄较小的患儿应特别注意,因为他们的进食时间常常不太固定。患者在注射美卡舍明后2~3小时内(特别是在美卡舍明治疗初期)最好避免从事任何具有危险性的活动(如驾驶汽车等)。
美卡舍明(Mecasermin)即重组人胰岛素样生长因子-1(rh-IGF-1),是一种由70个氨基酸组成的单链多肽,其氨基酸序列与胰岛素大约有50%的同源性。在新药审批过程中,美国FDA将美卡舍明列为罕见病用药(orphan drug),并通过优先审批程序进行审批。美卡舍明(商品名:Increlex,Tercica公司)的上市申请于2005年8月30日获得批准。
【适应症】
美卡舍明主要用于长期治疗严重原发性IGF-1缺乏的患儿,或者生长激素(GH)基因缺失且体内出现GH中和抗体患儿的生长不足。美卡舍明不能用于治疗继发性IGF-1缺乏(如因GH缺乏、营养不良、甲状腺机能减退或长期应用激素抗炎治疗所致的IGF-1缺乏)。
【药理及药代动力学】
IGF-1是生长激素的重要调节物质,它还具有许多重要的生理机能,如促进骨骼、器官和其他组织的生长,抑制肝糖生成、胰岛素分泌,参与神经系统的维护和再生等。
健康志愿者经皮下注射美卡舍明后的生物利用度接近100%,原发性IGF-1缺乏患者皮下注射美卡舍明后的绝对生物利用度尚未测定。严重原发性IGF-1缺乏的患儿皮下注射美卡舍明(0.12mg/kg,单次给药)后的平均终末半衰期为5.8小时。
【注意事项】
美卡舍明的使用应在医师指导下进行。美卡舍明尚未在2岁以下儿童中进行过研究。由于美卡舍明可像胰岛素一样引起低血糖反应,因此在美卡舍明给药前或给药后最好安排患者进餐或进食;年龄较小的患儿应特别注意,因为他们的进食时间常常不太固定。患者在注射美卡舍明后2~3小时内(特别是在美卡舍明治疗初期)最好避免从事任何具有危险性的活动(如驾驶汽车等)。
【药物相互作用】
目前尚未开展与美卡舍明有关的药物相互作用研究。当美卡舍明与其他降糖药合用时,可能增强IGF-1诱发的低血糖作用。美卡舍明与重组人生长激素(rh-GH)合用时应小心慎重,因为两者都是用于治疗生长不足,且两者作用机制和反馈机制密切相关。美卡舍明与用于治疗注意力缺陷障碍(ADD)、注意障碍多动综合征(ADHD)和发作性睡病等疾病的神经兴奋剂(包括哌甲酯、右旋哌甲酯、苯丙胺、右旋苯丙胺和去氧麻黄碱等)合用时,也应提高警惕。
【不良反应】
与所有蛋白质药物一样,美卡舍明也可能在部分患者体内诱发产生相应抗体。一项临床试验发现,在给予美卡舍明治疗2年内,23名原发性IGF-1缺乏的患儿中有14名体内出现了抗IGF-1抗体。不过,这些抗体并未引发严重的临床后果(如变态反应或生长减退)。
在临床试验中,有30名受试者(42%)曾经出现过低血糖反应。虽然大多数低血糖反应属于轻中度,但也有5名受试者出现过至少一次严重低血糖反应(需要救助和治疗),4名受试者因低血糖反应导致癫痫发作或意识丧失。低血糖反应在美卡舍明治疗头一个月内发生率最高,且在年龄较小的幼儿中更为多见。在美卡舍明给药前后的短时间内(如20分钟)进餐或进食可有效防止症状性低血糖的发生。
有11名受试者(15%)在美卡舍明治疗的头1~2年内出现扁桃体肥大症状,不过随着治疗时间的延长,上述受试者扁桃体的生长速度也有所减慢。
有相当一部分患者在美卡舍明治疗前及治疗过程中出现血清谷草转氨酶(AST)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)轻微升高,不过,这些症状并没有导致治疗中止。个别患者的超声心动图显示有心脏肥大/心瓣膜病表现,但并未引起临床症状。由于患者本身存在病变以及在临床试验中未设置有效对照组,因此上述患者的心脏病变是否与美卡舍明治疗有关还难以评价。此外,还有少数患者在美卡舍明治疗过程中面部曾经出现过软组织增厚症状。
【剂量及用药】
美卡舍明为一种澄清的无菌注射剂,规格为4ml:40mg。美卡舍明应采取个体化给药方式,其推荐初始剂量为0.04~0.08mg/kg(40~80μg/kg),一天2次,皮下注射。若患者在给药1周后耐受良好,美卡舍明每次给药剂量可增大0.04mg/kg,直到最大剂量0.12mg/kg(1天2次)。研究者尚未在原发性IGF-1缺乏的患儿中评价过0.12mg/kg以上剂量的临床表现,而且由于可能发生低血糖反应,因此建议美卡舍明给药剂量不要超过0.12mg/kg。
如果患者在注射推荐剂量美卡舍明,同时摄取足够食物的情况下,仍然出现低血糖反应,则应适度减少美卡舍明给药剂量。美卡舍明应在进餐或进食前后短时间(约20分钟)内给药。若患者在给药前后无法进食,则应取消此次给药。而且在下次给药时,患者也不能因为前次取消给药而随意增加给药剂量。美卡舍明注射给药时应依次轮流更换不同的给药部位,不应固定在同一部位给药。
【患者咨询】
应告知患儿家属或护理人员正确给予美卡舍明的方法。美卡舍明应从小剂量开始给药,只有在连续给药7天,患者耐受良好且无低血糖反应发生时方可增加给药剂量。当患者在摄取充足食物的情况下,出现严重或持续低血糖反应,则应考虑减少给药剂量。医生应指导患儿家属及其护理人员识别低血糖反应的体征和症状。
美卡舍明应在2~8℃下避光保存,不可冷冻。当药瓶开启后,美卡舍明仍可在2~8℃下稳定保存30天。美卡舍明注射剂为澄清溶液,若该溶液变色,或出现混浊/颗粒物质,则应弃去不用。
Generic Name for INCRELEX
Mecasermin 10mg/mL; soln for SC inj; contains benzyl alcohol.
Legal Classification:
Rx
Pharmacological Class for INCRELEX
Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1).
Manufacturer of INCRELEX
Tercica, Inc.
Indications for INCRELEX
Long term therapy of growth failure in children with severe primary IGF-1 deficiency (Primary IGFD) or in those with growth hormone (GH) gene deletion who have developed neutralizing antibodies to GH.
Adult dose for INCRELEX
Closed epiphyses: not recommended.
Children's dosing for INCRELEX
Administer shortly before or after a meal/snack; rotate inj sites. <2yrs: not recommended. ≥2yrs: initially 0.04 to 0.08mg/kg SC twice daily; may increase after 1-week by 0.04mg/kg per dose; max 0.12mg/kg per dose twice daily.
Contraindications for INCRELEX
Not for secondary forms of IGF-1 deficiency and growth promotion in patients with closed epiphyses. Active or suspected neoplasia.
Warnings/Precautions for INCRELEX
Correct thyroid and nutritional deficiences before treatment. Measure preprandial glucose level before treatment and monitor until a tolerated dose is established. Reduce dose if hypoglycemia occurs despite adequate food intake with therapy. Monitor for lymphoid tissue hypertrophy complications and for signs and symptoms of rapid growth. Do funduscopic exam at the start of therapy, then periodically. Pregnancy (Cat.C).
Nursing mothers.
Adverse Reactions for INCRELEX
Hypoglycemia, intracranial hypertension, lymphoid tissue hypertrophy complications (eg, tonsillar hypertrophy, snoring, sleep apnea, chronic middle ear effusions), otitis media, headache, dizziness, convulsions, ear pain, hypoacusis, abnormal tympanometry, cardiac murmur, transaminase elevations, arthralgia.
How is INCRELEX supplied?
Multidose vial (40mg/vial)—1
Indication and Important Safety Information
Who is Increlex® for?
INCRELEX is used to treat children who are very short for their age because their bodies do not make enough IGF-1. This condition is called severe primary IGF-1 deficiency. INCRELEX should not be used instead of growth hormone.
Who should not use Increlex?
Your child should not take INCRELEX if your child: has finished growing (the growth plates at the end of the bones are closed); has cancer; has other causes of growth failure; OR is allergic to mecasermin or any of the inactive ingredients in INCRELEX. INCRELEX has not been studied in children under 2 years of age and should never be used in newborns. Your child should never receive INCRELEX through a vein.
Before your child takes Increlex, you should tell your child's doctor about:
All of your child's health conditions, including: diabetes, kidney problems, liver problems, allergies, scoliosis (curved spine), pregnancy, or breast-feeding.
All the medicines (prescription and nonprescription), vitamins, and herbal supplements your child takes, especially insulin or other anti-diabetes medicines, which may require dose adjustment of these medicines.
What are possible side effects of increlex (some of which can be serious)?
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Only give your child INCRELEX right before or right after (20 minutes on either side of) a snack or meal to reduce the chances of hypoglycemia. Signs include dizziness, tiredness, restlessness, hunger, irritability, trouble concentrating, sweating, nausea, and fast or irregular heartbeat. Do not give your child INCRELEX if your child is sick or cannot eat.
Severe hypoglycemia may cause unconsciousness, seizures, or death. People taking INCRELEX should avoid participating in high risk activities (such as driving) within 2 to 3 hours after an INCRELEX injection.
Increased pressure in the brain (intracranial hypertension). INCRELEX, like growth hormone, can sometimes cause a temporary increase in pressure within the brain. Symptoms include persistent headache, blurred vision, and nausea with vomiting.
Allergic reactions. Your child may have a mild or serious allergic reaction with Increlex. Call your child's doctor right away if your child gets a rash or hives. Hives, also known as urticaria, appear as a raised, itchy skin reaction. Hives appear pale in the middle with a red rim around them. Hives generally appear minutes to hours after the injection and may sometimes occur at numerous places on the skin. Get medical help immediately if your child has trouble breathing or goes into shock, with symptoms like dizziness, pale, clammy skin, and/or passing out.
Enlarged tonsils. Signs include: snoring, difficulty breathing or swallowing, sleep apnea (a condition where breathing stops briefly during sleep), or fluid in the middle ear.
A bone problem called slipped capital femoral epiphysis. This happens when the top of the upper leg (femur) slips apart from the rest of the bone. Seek immediate medical attention if your child develops a limp or has hip or knee pain.
Worsened scoliosis (caused by rapid growth).
Injection site reactions including: swelling, loss of fat, increase of fat, pain, redness, or bruising. This can be avoided by changing/rotating the injection site at each injection.
Your child's doctor is your primary source of information about treatment. For more information, please talk to your doctor and download and review the full Patient Prescribing Information.
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注:以下产品不同规格和不同价格,购买以咨询为准!
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产地国家: 西班牙
原产地英文商品名:
Increlex 10mg/ml 4ml 1fl.
原产地英文药品名:
MECASERMINA
中文参考商品译名:
美卡舍明注射剂 10毫克/毫升 4毫升/支
中文参考药品译名:
美卡舍明
生产厂家中文参考译名:
IPSEN SpA
生产厂家英文名:
IPSEN SpA
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产地国家: 德国
原产地英文商品名:
Increlex 10mg/ml 4ml 1fl.
原产地英文药品名:
MECASERMINA
中文参考商品译名:
美卡舍明注射剂 10毫克/毫升 4毫升/支
中文参考药品译名:
美卡舍明
生产厂家中文参考译名:
IPSEN SpA
生产厂家英文名:
IPSEN SpA