乐脂平 Olbetam 【分类】调节血脂及抗动脉硬化药 【别名】 阿西莫司;比莫酸 乐脂平 氧甲吡嗪  甲氧吡嗪 【外文名】Olbetam ， 【性状】 结晶性粉末，不溶于水。 【药理作用】通过抑制脂肪组织的分解，使游离脂肪酸的生成减少，从而降低了肝脏内甘油三酯的合成。此外还有抑制肝脂肪酶活性和抑制极低密度、低密度脂蛋白合成及激活脂蛋白脂肪酶的作用，使血中甘油三酯和总胆固醇降低而高密度脂蛋白则升高。口服后由肾肠道吸收完全，服后2小时血药达峰值，与蛋白不结合，不经代谢以原形从尿排出，半衰期为2小时。 【适应症】 治疗脂肪代谢失调及血中高甘油三酯（Ⅳ型高脂血症）者，高胆固醇（Ⅱ＊＊ａ型高脂血症）及甘油三酯与胆固醇同时升高的Ⅱ＊＊ｂ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ型高脂血症。 适用于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ及Ⅴ型高脂蛋白血症，对Ⅳ和Ⅱ型高脂蛋白血症的疗效好于Ⅲ和Ⅴ型。 【用量用法】 ①每日剂量依据血中甘油三酯及胆固醇水平作个别调整，平均每日剂量：１胶囊，分２～３次饭后服。建议用药：Ⅳ型高脂血症用每日２次，每次１胶囊；Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ型高脂血症每日用３次，每次１胶囊。严重病人每日用量可达１２００ｍｇ（６胶囊），仍可安全地长期服用。已有肾功能障碍者，可根据肌酐清除率酌情减量。清除率每分钟在８０～４０ｍｌ之间，每日服１胶囊，清除率每分钟在４０～２０ｍｌ，则每隔日１胶囊。 ②口服：250mg/次，一般每日2-3次，根据病情酌情调整。对较严重者可增量，每日不超过1200mg。对肾损伤患者，可根据肌酐清除率酌情减量，250mg/日或隔日250mg/日。 【注意事项】 1.偶有皮肤潮红及瘙痒，尤其在刚开始服药时，但继续用药，此现象会很快消失。 2.对本品过敏及消化道溃疡者禁用。孕妇及哺乳期妇女慎用。肾功能衰竭者需减少剂量。用药期间应保持低胆固醇和低脂肪饮食。 【规格】 250毫克/胶囊 30胶囊/盒 【生产厂家】辉瑞（pfizer） How does it work? Acipimox is a lipid (fat) lowering medicine. Its overall effect is to reduce the amount of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) in the blood. These can be referred to as 'bad fats' as they are one of the factors responsible for heart disease. Acipimox also increases the amount of high density lipoproteins (HDL) in the blood. These can be referred to as 'good fats', as they are not involved in causing heart disease. VLDL is made by the liver from triglycerides. Triglycerides may be consumed in the diet or released from stores in fat tissue. Triglycerides must be broken down into their components (fatty acids) before they can be released from fat tissue. Once released, these fatty acids are used to reform triglycerides in the liver, which are then used to form VLDL and LDL. Acipimox works by preventing the breakdown of triglycerides in fatty tissue. It therefore prevents the release of fatty acids and the subsequent formation of triglycerides and VLDL by the liver. LDL is made when VLDL is broken down in muscle and fat cells. As acipimox results in lowered levels of VLDL in the blood, it therefore also decreases the blood levels of LDL. Reducing the blood levels of these 'bad fats' reduces the risk of heart disease. It is best to try to reduce VLDL and LDL by dietary means ie. by consuming fewer fatty foods. However, this alone may be ineffective, or high VLDL and LDL levels may be inherited. In these cases, lipid lowering medicines are used to help reduce 'bad fat' levels. What is it used for? High levels of fats (lipids) such as cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood (hyperlipidaemia) Use with caution in Mild to moderately decreased kidney function Not to be used in Moderate to severely decreased kidney function Peptic ulcer This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy. If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine. The safety of this medicine during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not established. It is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Consult your doctor for further advice. Label warnings Take this medication with or after food. Side effects Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Because a side effect is stated here, it does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect. Headache Rash Itching (pruritus) Abdominal pain Diarrhoea Heartburn Severe swelling of lips, face or tongue (angioedema) Flushing Dry eyes Narrowing of the airways (bronchospasm) The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the drug's manufacturer. For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist. How can this medicine affect other medicines? There are no significant interactions reported with this medicine. Other medicines containing the same active ingredients Acipimox