英文药名: Catapres(Clonidine Tablets)

中文药名: 可乐定片

生产厂家: Boehringer Ingelheim

药品名称

[药品名]可乐定
[英文名]Clonidine
[别名]氯压定，可乐宁，血压得平，110降压片，CATAPRES．CATAPRESAN
[性状]常用其盐酸盐，为白色结晶性粉末；无臭。在水或乙醇中溶解，在氯仿中微溶解，在乙醚中几乎不溶。
适应症

为中枢性02受体激动剂，通过抑制血管运动中枢，使外周交感神经的功能降低从而引起降压。其降压作用多在服药后0．5-1小时出现，2-3小时达最高峰，可持续4-6小时。对多数高血压病有效，对原发性高血压疗效较好。在降压明显时不出现直立性低血压。与利尿剂(如氢氯噻嗪)或其他降压药(如利血平)合用，比单服本品疗效有明显提高。本品预防偏头痛亦有效。又本品能降低眼压，可用于治疗开角型青光眼。

用法用量

1．治高血压：口服，常用量，每次服0．075-0．15mg，1日3次。可逐渐增加剂量，通常维持剂量为每日0．2-0．8mg。极量，1次0．6mg。缓慢静注：每次0．15-0．3mg，加于50％葡萄糖液20-40ml中(多用于三期高血压及其他危重高血压病)推注。
2．预防偏头痛：1日0．1mg，分2次服，8周为一疗程(第四周以后，1日量可增至0．15mg)。
3．治青光眼：用0．25％液滴眼。低血压患者慎用。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
 
注意事项

1．副作用多为口干、便秘、嗜睡、乏力、心动徐缓，少数病人出现头晕、头痛、恶心、便秘、食欲不振等，男性偶有阳萎主诉，停药后很快消失。副作用多不影响治疗。
2．有使水钠滞留现象，长期使用须同时并用利尿剂。
3．不可突然停药(尤其是1日量超过1.2mg时)，以免引起交感神经元进的撤药症状。
 
规格

片剂：每片0．1mg；0．15mg；0．2mg。

Catapres

Catapres, a Drug consisting of two compounds Clonidine, is an antihypertensive and is commonly used for controlling the Blood Pressure Level. Catapres/Clonidine is manufactured by Boehringer Ingelheim and comes in the strength of 0.1mg, 0.2mg, 0.3mg tablets.

What are the major disorders for which Catapres/Clonidine may be used?

Catapres/Clonidine is used for the treatment of following problems:

Catapres/Clonidine is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) : Each and every individual has a blood pressure. This blood pressure helps move the blood all around one抯 body. The blood pressure of one抯 body generally differs at different times of the day. The problem occurs when the amount of pressure rises from the normal, and if this increase stays for a longer time, it may be life threatening. This is called high blood pressure or hypertension. The normal blood pressure should be 90/140mg. There are number of drugs available to treat hypertension, and Catapres/Clonidine is amongst them.

In hypertension (high blood pressure), the main thing is that the speed of flowing the blood gets increased, which may result in damaging of heart or the blood vessels connecting the heart. It may be controlled very easily, but if proper care is not taken to avoid this, it may lead to some major problems that may be life threatening. There are two measurements--systolic and diastolic梩hat tell us whether the pressure of blood is normal or not. To be specific, Systolic blood pressure represents the peak pumping pressure of your heart when it is fully contracted during a heartbeat, and, Diastolic blood pressure represents the pressure in the heart when it is at rest between heartbeats.

To conclude, blood pressure is directly proportional to heart attack, stroke, heart failure or kidney disease.

Catapres/Clonidine is also used in the treatment of Tourette's syndrome, migraine headaches, ulcerative colitis, menopausal hot flashes, alcohol withdrawal, and as an aid in smoking cessation therapy.

How Catapres works?

Catapres/Clonidine is used to lower high blood pressure (hypertension). Catapres/Clonidine works by stimulating adrenergic receptors on nerves in the brain. This stimulation actually reduces messages that originate in the central nervous system (brain) and are transmitted to the body by the sympathetic nervous system. As a result, clonidine slows the heart rate and reduces blood pressure.

Catapres/Clonidine works by relaxing and widening blood vessels and so helps to lower your blood pressure. The specific way in which Catapres function has not been identified till now, however, Catapres/Clonidine has been very successfully used for blood pressure and some other problems as mentioned above.

Is any prescription required to get Catapres?

Do not take Catapres/Clonidine without the advice and consultation of a medical practitioner. There may be several areas that has to be looked into before taking Catapres/Clonidine.

Dosage of Catapres?

As a general note, the dosage of Catapres/Clonidine depends from person to person, and one must consult his/her doctor before taking Catapres. In general Catapres/Clonidine should be taken twice daily, depending upon specific requirements. Your doctor will advise whether the dose is to be taken a single dose or as two separate doses.

Special instructions when taking Catapres !

• The intake of water content should be high when one is taking Catapres/Clonidine.
• Tell your medical practitioner if you are planning to undergo a surgery before taking Catapres/Clonidine.
• Tell your medical practitioner if you are pregnant or have a plan to become pregnant.
• While one is taking Catapres/Clonidine, regular check-up with a medical practitioner is a must.

What is the minimum duration for which Catapres should be taken?

There is no specific time duration for which Catapres/Clonidine should be taken, as Catapres only helps in reducing the problem, rather it is a prevention, and does not cure the problem completely. As per the advice of a medical practitioner, Catapres/Clonidine may be taken for as long as required.

Are there any side effects of Catapres?

• Agitation
• Constipation
• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue
• Impotence
• Loss of sex drive
• Nausea
• Nervousness
• Sedation (calm)
• Vomiting
• Weakness

  Note: The intensity of the above is generally mild to moderate.

  Under what circumstances should Catapres not be used?

  • If one is allergic to Catapres/Clonidine or any other specific drug.
  • If one has taken any other medicine for high blood pressure, Catapres/Clonidine should be used under doctor抯 guidance.
  • If one has kidney problems or any other problem of some organ.
  • If one has regular dialysis for blood filtration.

  Under which storage conditions Catapres should be kept?

  Catapres/Clonidine should be kept in the box until it is time to take them. If Catapres is taken out of the box they may not be good for use. And Catapres should be kept in a cool dry place where the temperature stays below 25癈. Catapres/Clonidine must not be kept on a windowsill or in the car on hot days. Keep Catapres/Clonidine where children cannot reach it.

  Major Drug (Catapres and other Antihypertensive drug) Manufacturers

  • Merck Sharp & Dohme
  • Alliance
  • Pharmacia & Upjohn
  • Solvay
  • Boehringer Ingelheim