英文药名: Prolopa(benserazide/levodopa capsules)
中文药名: 苄丝肼左旋多巴分散片
生产厂家: Roche Pharmaceuticals
药品名称
药物名称：苄丝肼-左旋多巴,美多巴,复方苄丝肼胶囊,Medopa
英文名：Medopa
别名：苄丝肼-左旋多巴,美多巴,复方苄丝肼胶囊
外文名：Benserazide-Levodopa, Madopar
药理毒理
本品为复方制剂，含左旋多巴及苄丝肼，苄丝肼为外周脱羧酶抑制剂，不易进入中枢，仅抑制外周左旋多巴转化为多巴胺，使循环中左旋多巴含量增加5-10倍，因而进入中枢的左旋多巴的量也增多，左旋多巴在脑内经多巴脱羧酶作用转化为多巴胺而发挥药理作用，改善帕金森病症状。苄丝肼与左旋多巴合用既可降低左旋多巴的外周性心血管系统的不良反应，又可减少左旋多巴的用量。
药代动力学
口服后由小肠吸收。空腹服后左旋多巴1~2小时血药浓度达峰值，广泛分布于体内各种组织，1%进入中枢转化成多巴胺而发挥作用，其余大部分均在脑外代谢脱羧成多巴胺，故起效缓慢。半衰期（t1/2）为1~3小时，加用外周多巴脱羧酶抑制剂，可减少左旋多巴的用量，使之进入脑内的量增多，并可减少外周多巴胺引起的不良反应。口服后左旋多巴80%于24小时内降解成多巴胺代谢物，主要为高香草酸及二羟苯乙酸，由肾脏排泄，有些代谢物可使尿变红色。原型排出体外约5%，可通过乳汁分泌。
适应症
帕金森氏病、症状性帕金森氏综合症、（脑炎后、动脉硬化性或中毒性）。
用法用量
口服第一周一次125mg，一日2次；以后每隔一周，一日增加125mg，一般一日剂量不得超过1g，分3~4次服用。维持剂量一次250mg，一日3次。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
不良反应
较常见的不良反应有恶心，呕吐，直立性低血压、头、面部、舌、上肢和身体上部的异常不随意运动，精神抑郁、排尿困难。
较少见的不良反应有：高血压、心律失常、溶血性贫血。
注意事项
高血压、心律失常、糖尿病、支气管哮喘、肺气肿、肝肾功能障碍、尿潴留者慎用。
有骨质疏松的老年人，用本品治疗有效者，应缓慢恢复正常的活动，以减少引起骨折的危险。
用药期间需注意检查血常规、肝肾功能及心电图。
禁忌
严重精神疾患、严重心律失常、心力衰竭、青光眼、消化性溃疡和有惊厥史者禁用。
禁用/慎用
本品可分泌入乳汁，也会减少乳汁分泌；动物实验表明本品可引起内脏和骨骼畸形。孕妇及哺乳期妇女应禁用。慎用。
药物相互作用
1、本品与非选择性单胺氧化酶抑制剂合用可致急性肾上腺危象。
2、本品与罂粟碱或维生素B6合用，可降低本品的药效。
3、本品与乙酰螺旋霉素合用，可显著降低本品的血药浓度，药效减弱。
4、本品与利血平合用，可抑制本品的作用，应避免合用。
5、本品与抗精神病药物合用，因为两者互相拮抗，应避免合用。
6、本品与甲基多巴合用，可增加本品的不良反应并使甲基多巴的抗高血压作用增强。
药物过量
中毒症状：超剂量时可使上述不良反应明显加重，并可导致严重心律失常。
处理：立即催吐、洗胃，采取增加排泄措施，并依病情进行相应对症治疗和支持疗法。
包装规格：
·25mg/100mg*100分散片
What is Prolopa?
Prolopa is an antiparkinson agent.
What is Prolopa used for?
Prolopa is indicated for the treatment of symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Some such signs of the disease include slowness in performing activities, shaking of hands or other body parts, mood swings, depression and stiffness.
How does Prolopa work?
Prolopa works by controlling the chemical in the brain that is responsible for producing symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.
How to use Prolopa
Your physician will let you know about the Prolopa dosage that you have to take each day. It is important to follow the instructions of your doctor before taking the medicine. The medicine is to be swallowed with water and not chewed. You should not open the capsule or dissolve the contents in water for consumption.
Individual symptoms help in deciding the dosage of the medicine. The doctor will gradually increase your dosage accordingly and will make sure that you do not have to suffer the side effects.
Prolopa warnings and precautions
Make sure that your doctor knows about the medicine you have been taking and any allergies that you have to certain medicines. People with glaucoma who have been prescribed Prolopa should carefully take the medicine as there are chances of the eye pressure increasing with this medicine.
People who are suffering from certain heart conditions, peptic ulcer, epilepsy, kidney disease or blood disorders should be monitored carefully while they are taking Prolopa. Blood sugar too should be tested regularly. It is important to take the medicine as per the instructions of your doctor. Do not stop taking Prolopa abruptly or you might have to suffer from some side effects and withdrawal effects.
Pregnant women should not take this medicine. If you become pregnant during your treatment, let your doctor know about it right away. Nursing mothers too should not consume Prolopa. People below the age of 25 years are not recommended to take this medicine.
What do I do if I have missed a Prolopa dose?
If you have missed a dose of Prolopa, take the dose as soon as you get to remember about it. If it is almost time to take the next dose, skip the missed dose and carry on with the routine.
What do I do if I have taken a Prolopa overdose?
If you have taken an overdose of Prolopa, contact the local poison control center or get immediate medical help.
Prolopa interactions
Prolopa can react with medicines like dopamine agonists, amantadine, ferrous sulfate, anesthetics, MAO inhibitors, phenytoin, metoclopramide, selegiline, chlorpromazine, thioridazine, trihexyphenidyl, pyridoxine, tricyclic antidepressants and sympathomimetic medications.
Before taking Prolopa, tell your doctor about all prescription and non prescription drugs that you are on. Do not start taking any new medicine without consulting your doctor.
Prolopa side effects
Some of the side effects are common and some are very rare. Not every person taking the medicine faces these side effects. Some of the less common side effects of Prolopa are bitter taste in mouth, belching, bloating, loss of voluntary activity, swelling of face, burning sensation, change in walk, loss of balance, blurred vision, change in the frequency of urination, constipation, dark sweat, cough, grinding teeth, clenching, double vision, diarrhea, dilated pupils, decreased urine, excessive watering in mouth, fatigue, dry mouth, fever, discomfort, illness, malaise, fever, fatigue, hallucinations, hair loss, loss of bladder control, lower back pain, muscle spasms, nervousness, gas, rashes, shakiness, headache and hiccups. If you experience any of these side effects, contact your doctor right away.
Some of the more common Prolopa side effects are increased blinking of eyelids, twitching, uncontrolled movements of tongue and other body parts, agitation, hallucinations, sadness, absence of body movement.