【英文名稱】Cefazolin Sodium
【類別】抗感染藥
【說明】
【別名】頭孢菌素Ⅴ、頭孢唑啉、先鋒黴素Ⅴ、唑啉頭孢菌素、先鋒啉、西華樂林、先鋒唑啉、西孢唑啉、凱複卓、先鋒5 號。
【外文名】Cefazolin Sodium, Ancef, Cefamezin, Cefalin, Kefzol, Zolicef
【作用與用途】
本品為半合成第一代頭孢菌素，抗菌作用與頭孢噻吩、頭孢噻啶基本相同。對革蘭陽性菌如金葡菌、溶血性鏈球菌、肺炎球菌、白喉桿菌及梭狀芽胞桿菌等有較強的作用。對革蘭陰性菌的作用也較強，特別對克雷白肺炎桿菌有效。對大腸桿菌、奇異變形桿菌及傷寒桿菌也有效。但對綠膿桿菌則無效。
本品在第一代頭孢菌素中具有明顯的優越性。其特點是耐酶、高效、低毒，對革蘭陽性菌及陰性菌一般均有效，臨床適應證非常廣泛。臨床主要用於敏感菌所致的呼吸道感染、泌尿生殖系、膽囊炎、肝膿腫、心內膜炎、敗血症及軟組織及耳部感染等。由於本品對大腸桿菌作用較強，且大部以原形藥從腎排出，故對腎盂腎炎及尿路感染療效好。
【劑量與用法】
肌注或靜注，成人，0.5g/次，2～4次/日；兒童，每日20mg～100mg/kg，分2～4次。.
【副作用】
1 毒性較低，對造血系統、肝、腎毒性小。
2 肌注局部有輕度疼痛。可有過敏性皮疹、藥熱、噁心、嘔吐、腹瀉等。
3 與青黴素有交叉過敏反應。.
【注意事項】
1 不可和氨基甙類抗生素混合同時注射，以免降效。
2 肝腎功能不全者慎用。
3 對青素過敏的病人慎用。
4 供肌注用的粉針劑內含利多卡因，不可注入靜脈。.
【製劑】粉針劑：0.2g;0.5g。
Cefazolin eliminates bacteria that cause many kinds of infections, including lung, skin, bone, joint, stomach, blood, heart valve, and urinary tract infections.
This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Your health care provider (doctor, nurse, or pharmacist) may measure the effectiveness and side effects of your treatment using laboratory tests and physical examinations. It is important to keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. The length of treatment depends on how your infection and symptoms respond to the medication.
Precautions
Before administering cefazolin, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to cefazolin, any other cephalosporin [e.g., cefaclor (Ceclor), cefadroxil (Duricef), or cephalexin (Keflex)], penicillins, or any other drugs.
tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially other antibiotics, probenecid (Benemid), and vitamins.
tell your doctor if you have or have ever had kidney, liver, or gastrointestinal disease (especially colitis).
tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking cefazolin, call your doctor.
if you have diabetes and regularly check your urine for sugar, use Clinistix or TesTape. Do not use Clinitest tablets because cefazolin may cause false positive results.
Administering your medicationReturn to top
Before you administer cefazolin, look at the solution closely.
It should be clear and free of floating material. Gently squeeze the bag or observe the solution container to make sure there are no leaks.
Do not use the solution if it is discolored, if it contains particles, or if the bag or container leaks. Use a new solution, but show the damaged one to your health care provider.
It is important that you use your medication exactly as directed.
Do not stop your therapy on your own for any reason because your infection could worsen and result in hospitalization.
Do not change your dosing schedule without talking to your health care provider.
Your health care provider may tell you to stop your infusion if you have a mechanical problem (such as a blockage in the tubing, needle, or catheter); if you have to stop an infusion, call your health care provider immediately so your therapy can continue.
Side effectsReturn to top Cefazolin may cause side effects. Tell your health care provider if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
diarrhea
stomach pain
upset stomach
vomiting
If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your health
care provider immediately:
skin rash
itching
hives
unusual bleeding or bruising
difficulty breathing
sore mouth or throat
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原产地英文商品名:
Cefazolin Sodium Hydrate 0.25g/vial 10vials/box
原产地英文药品名:
CEFAZOLIN SODIUM
中文参考商品译名:
西华乐林注射劑　0.25克/瓶 10支/盒
中文参考药品译名:
头孢唑啉钠
生产厂家中文参考译名:
安斯泰来
生产厂家英文名:
Astellas Pharma
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原产地英文商品名:
Cefazolin Sodium Hydrate 0.5g/vial 10vials/box
原产地英文药品名:
CEFAZOLIN SODIUM
中文参考商品译名:
西华乐林注射劑　0.5克/瓶 10支/盒
中文参考药品译名:
头孢唑啉钠
生产厂家中文参考译名:
安斯泰来
生产厂家英文名:
Astellas Pharma