部分中文利奈唑胺处方资料（仅供参考）
药理作用
本品特点为对肠球菌和葡萄球菌起抑菌作用，对链球菌的多数菌株起杀菌作用。也可用于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MR-SA)经用万古霉素(去甲万古霉素)无效的病例。本品的应用需严格掌握适应证，避免不适当的广泛应用，促使细菌耐药性的发展(耐万古霉素肠球菌对其他抗生素均耐药，本品是目前惟一有效的治疗药物)。
药动学
本品口服吸收完全，口服400mg，约1.5h血药浓度达峰值，Cmax为8～10mg/L，高脂饮食可降低本品血药浓度，但AUC相近。静脉滴注600mg，滴注完毕血药浓度为12.9mg/L，认为口服与静脉滴注间不必调整给药剂量，血浆蛋白结合率约31%，表观分布容积为40～50L。体内代谢成无效代谢产物。代谢物30%由尿液、10%由粪便排泄。半衰期为4.4～5.2h。
适应证
主要用于控制耐万古霉素肠球菌所致的系统感染，包括败血症、肺炎等。
禁忌证
1.对本品过敏者。
2.孕妇和哺乳期妇女。
注意事项
1.孕妇和哺乳期妇女慎用。
2.使用本品要严格掌握适应证，避免滥用，严防耐药菌株的产生(耐万古霉素肠球菌对其他抗生素均耐药，本品是目前惟一有效药物)。
3.有高血压病史者使用本品应注意观察。
不良反应
不良反应有消化道症状，失眠、头晕、药物热、皮疹等。实验室检查可见血小板减少、尚有白细胞、中性粒细胞减少，AST、ALT、LDH、ALP、淀粉酶、总胆红素、BUN和肌酐等变化。
用法用量
口服与静脉滴注的剂量相同。每次600mg，每12小时1次，依病情连用10～28天。
药物相应作用
本品有MAO抑制作用，禁忌与拟肾上腺素药物(伪麻黄碱、多巴胺、肾上腺素等)和5-HT再摄取抑制药(如抗抑郁药)合用、禁用含酪胺食物(奶酪、肉干等)和某些含醇饮料(啤酒、红酒等)，以免引起血压异常升高。
专家点评
本品为�∵蛲�类抗菌药。临床主要用于控制耐万古霉素肠球菌所致的系统感染，包括肺炎、败血症等。
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ザイボックス
バンコマイシン耐性腸球菌用合成抗菌薬
主成分名： リネゾリド
製薬会社： ファイザー
主な作用 
バンコマイシン耐性腸球菌（VRE）、メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌（MRSA）に対し、細菌のタンパク合成を阻害することにより、増殖を防いで抗菌作用を示します。しかし感染菌が感受性のあるものに限ります。したがってこれらの感染による敗血症、深在性皮膚感染症、慢性膿皮症、外傷・熱傷、手術創などが対象になります。 
副作用
吐き気、嘔吐、下痢、頭痛、味覚障害などが一般的ですが、ときにショックなど激しい過敏症、骨髄障害が起こることがありますから、服用開始前、または服用中でも、定期的な血液検査が必要です。偽膜性大腸炎という重い大腸炎、視神経炎、低ナトリウム血症がまれに起こることがあります。また併用薬との相互作用にも注意が必要です。耐性を生じることがありますので、連用は必要最小限に止めることが大切です。28日間以上の服用における安全性は確認されていません。血液病、腎臓病の人では、重大な副作用を起こしやすいので、とくに注意が必要です。また著しい低体重（40kg未満）の人では、安全性が確認されていません。 
服用上の注意
1日量を2回（12時間ごと）に分服します。

Generic Name: linezolid (lin EZ oh lid)
Brand Names: Zyvox
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What is Zyvox?
Zyvox is an antibiotic that fights bacteria in the body.
Zyvox is used to treat different types of bacterial infections, such pneumonia, skin infections, and infections that are resistant to other antibiotics.
Zyvox may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
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Important information about Zyvox
Do not use Zyvox if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) within the past 14 days. Serious, life-threatening side effects can occur if you use Zyvox before the MAO inhibitor has cleared from your
body.
You also should not use Zyvox if you are also using buspirone(BuSpar), meperidine (Demerol), a diet pill or other stimulant, pseudoephedrine (a decongestant), ADHD medication such as Adderall or Dexedrine, migraine or cluster headache medications ("triptans")such as Imitrex or Zomig and others, medication to treat Parkinson's disease or restless leg syndrome, or an antidepressant such as Celexa, Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, and others.
You should not use Zyvox if you have untreated or uncontrolled high blood pressure, a carcinoid tumor, adrenal gland tumor, or a severely overactive thyroid.
Before using Zyvox, tell your doctor if you have high blood pressure, a seizure disorder, kidney or liver disease, bone marrow suppression, or a weak immune system.
Eating tyramine while you are using Zyvox can raise your blood pressure to dangerous levels.
Avoid foods that have a high level of tyramine, such as aged cheeses or meats, pickled or fermented meats, smoked or air-dried meats, sauerkraut, soy sauce, tap beer, red
wine, or any meat, cheese, or other protein-based food that has been improperly stored.
Some people have developed a life-threatening condition called lactic acidosis while taking Zyvox.
Early signs of lactic acidosis generally get worse over time and this condition can be fatal. Get emergency medical help if you have even mild symptoms of lactic acidosis, such as: muscle pain or weakness, numb or cold feeling in your arms and legs, trouble breathing, stomach pain, nausea with vomiting, slow or uneven heart rate, dizziness, or feeling very weak or tired.
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Before using Zyvox
Do not use Zyvox if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) within the past 14 days. Serious, life-threatening side effects can occur if you use Zyvox before the MAO inhibitor has cleared from your
body.
You also should not use Zyvox if you are also using any of these drugs:
buspirone (BuSpar);
meperidine (Demerol);
a diet pill that contains a stimulant;
cold or allergy medicines that contain a decongestant such as pseudoephedrine;
ADHD medication such as Adderall or Dexedrine;
migraine or cluster headache medication such as almotriptan (Axert), frovatriptan (Frova), naratriptan (Amerge), rizatriptan (Maxalt), sumatriptan (Imitrex), or zolmitriptan (Zomig);
medication to treat Parkinson's disease or restless leg syndrome, such as carbidopa or levodopa (Lodosyn, Parcopa, Sinemet), pramipexole (Mirapex), or ropinorole (Requip); or
an antidepressant such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Etrafon), citalopram (Celexa), doxepin (Sinequan), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem, Symbyax), fluvoxamine (Luvox), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), paroxetine (Paxil), or sertraline (Zoloft), and others.
You should not use Zyvox if you are allergic to linezolid, or if you have:
untreated or uncontrolled high blood pressure;
a carcinoid tumor;
pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor); or
a severe thyroid disorder.
If you have certain conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely use this medication. Before using Zyvox, tell your doctor if you have:
high blood pressure;
epilepsy or other seizure disorder;
a thyroid disorder;
kidney or liver disease; or
bone marrow suppression or a weak immune system.
Some people have developed a life-threatening condition called lactic acidosis while taking Zyvox.
You may be more likely to develop lactic acidosis if you have liver or kidney disease,
congestive heart failure, or if you drink large amounts of alcohol.
Talk with your doctor about your individual risk.
You may be more likely to develop lactic acidosis if you have liver disease, kidney disease, or congestive heart failure, or if you drink large amounts of alcohol. Talk with your doctor about your individual risk.
FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether Zyvox is harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. It is not known whether linezolid passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
The oral liquid form of Zyvox may contain phenylalanine. Talk to your doctor before using this form of linezolid if you have phenylketonuria (PKU).
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How is Zyvox used?
Use Zyvox exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not use the medication in larger amounts, or use it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Zyvox can be taken with or without food.
Before taking the oral suspension (liquid), gently mix it by turning the bottle upside down 3 to 5 times. Do not shake. Measure the liquid with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon.
If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
Intravenous Zyvox is given as an injection through a needle placed into a vein. The medicine must be given slowly through an IV infusion, and can take up to 2 hours to complete.
You may be shown how to use your medicine at home. Do not self-inject this medicine if you do not fully understand how to give the injection and properly dispose of needles, IV tubing, and other items used in giving the medicine.
To be sure Zyvox is not causing harmful effects, your blood may need to be tested on a regular basis. Your vision may need to be checked if you use Zyvox long-term. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.
Use this medication for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor. Your symptoms may get better before the infection is completely treated. Zyvox will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu. Store Zyvox at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Do not freeze the liquid forms of Zyvox.
Throw away any unused oral liquid that is more than 21 days old.
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What happens if I miss a dose?
Use the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and use the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
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What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose may cause weakness, tremors, vomiting, or loss of balance or coordination.
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What should I avoid while using Zyvox?
Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or has blood in it, call your doctor. Do not use any medicine to stop the diarrhea unless your doctor has told you to.
While you are using Zyvox, avoid taking an "SSRI" antidepressant without telling your doctor.
This includes citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine(Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil), or sertraline (Zoloft). Taking an SSRI antidepressant together with Zyvox can cause symptoms such as anxiety, high fever, sweating, chills or goosebumps, memory problems, trouble concentrating, loss of coordination, or muscle spasms.
Eating tyramine while you are using Zyvox can raise your blood pressure to dangerous levels. Avoid foods that have a high level of tyramine, such as:
aged cheeses or meats;
pickled or fermented meats;
smoked or air-dried meats;
sauerkraut;
soy sauce;
tap beer (alcoholic and nonalcoholic);
red wine; or
any meat, cheese, or other protein-based food that has been improperly stored.
You should become very familiar with the list of foods you must avoid while you are using Zyvox.
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Zyvox side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:
pale skin, easy bruising or bleeding, unusual weakness;
fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms;
diarrhea that is watery or bloody;
blurred vision, trouble seeing colors
numbness, burning, pain, or tingly feeling in your hands or feet;
seizure (convulsions); or
lactic acidosis - muscle pain or weakness, numb or cold feeling in your arms and legs, trouble breathing, stomach pain, nausea with vomiting, slow or uneven heart rate, dizziness, or feeling very weak or tired.
Less serious Zyvox side effects may include:
headache, dizziness;
nausea, vomiting, constipation, stomach pain or upset;
sleep problems (insomnia);
mild rash or itching;
discolored tongue, unusual or unpleasant taste in the mouth;
vaginal itching or discharge; or
yeast infection in the mouth.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
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What other drugs will affect Zyvox?
There may be other drugs that can interact with Zyvox. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
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Where can I get more information?
Your pharmacist can provide more information about Zyvox.
Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use Zyvox only for the indication prescribed.
Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum's drug information is an informational resource
designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient.
The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects.
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产地国家:日本
原产地英文商品名:
ZYVOX TABLET 600mg/tab 10tabs/box
原产地英文药品名:
LINEZOLID
中文参考商品译名:
斯沃片剂 600毫克/片 10片/盒
中文参考药品译名:
利奈唑胺
生产厂家中文参考译名:
辉瑞日本公司
生产厂家英文名:
Pfizer Japan Inc.

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产地国家:日本
原产地英文商品名:
ZYVOX Injection 600mg/  5/bag
原产地英文药品名:
LINEZOLID
中文参考商品译名:
ZYVOX注射液 600毫克/  5袋/盒
中文参考药品译名:
利奈唑胺
生产厂家中文参考译名:
辉瑞日本公司
生产厂家英文名:
Pfizer Japan Inc.