制造商: 阿斯利康制药
类药物: 激酶抑制剂。
活性成分(S): 凡德他尼100毫克,300毫克,制表符。
指示(S): 不能手术切除的局部晚期或转移性疾病患者的症状或甲状腺髓样癌。
药理学: 凡德他尼抑制酪氨酸激酶的活动,包括那些与表皮生长因子受体,血管内皮细胞生长因子受体和酪氨酸蛋白激酶6相关。它已被证明能够抑制内皮细胞迁移,增殖,存活,并在体外血管生成,抑制酪氨酸激酶磷酸化。凡德他尼降低肿瘤细胞诱导的血管生成,肿瘤血管通透性,并抑制在体内的肿瘤生长和转移的小鼠模型。
临床试验: 一个双盲对照研究,涉及331例不能手术切除的局部晚期或甲状腺髓样癌进行了评估凡德他尼与安慰剂无进展生存的改善。还审议了总生存率和整体客观反应率。一个显着改善,到凡德他尼的患者的无进展生存证明。的无进展生存期的主要分析时间,15%的患者已经死亡,并在两个治疗组之间的总生存期没有显着差异。整体客观反应率是44%者给予凡德他尼相比,安慰剂组为1%;所有的客观回应部分反应。
法律分类: 接收
成人: 请勿挤压选项卡。为口头或NGT组管理的非碳酸水可分散2盎司的标签,避免接触皮肤,粘膜的分散。 300毫克,每日一次。肾功能损害(肌酐清除率<50mL/min):最初为200mg,每日一次。如果发生严重的毒性或QTc间期延长(见文献)减少剂量。不要错过的剂量范围内采取的下一个剂量的12小时。
儿童: 不推荐。
禁忌(S): 先天性长QT综合征。
警告/注意事项: 低钙血症,低钾血症,低镁血症,QTcF的时间间隔> 450msec,尖端扭转型,缓慢性心律失常的历史,无偿心脏衰竭,近期咯血:不推荐。室性心律失常。近期心肌梗死。监视器电解质(尤其是钾离子,钙+,镁+),促甲状腺激素,和心电图QT间期延长在基线,2-4周和8-12周开始,然后每隔3个月后,和剂量减少或剂量中断后2周;减少如需要剂量。开始前纠正电解质紊乱。维护血清K +至少4mEq/mL。肝功能不全(Child - Pugh分级B或C):不推荐。暂停治疗和后续如果发生呼吸困难,咳嗽,发烧,QTcF> 500毫秒,或后部白质脑病症状(RPLS)。避免阳光,紫外线光。老人。 (Cat.D)(可能对胎儿造成伤害,使用4个月期间和停药后的适当,有效的避孕)怀孕,哺乳期的母亲:不建议。
相互作用(S): 避免强CYP3A4诱导剂(如卡马西平,地塞米松,苯妥英,苯巴比妥,利福平,利福布丁,利福喷丁,圣约翰的草)。避免使用其他药物,可以延长QT间隔(例如,胺碘酮,丙吡胺,普鲁卡因胺,索他洛尔,多非利特,氯喹,克拉霉素,多拉司琼,格拉司琼,氟哌啶醇,匹莫齐特,美沙酮,莫西沙星)。
不良反应(S): (如果严重的中止)腹泻,皮疹,痤疮,恶心,高血压,头痛,乏力,食欲减退,腹痛,钙或葡萄糖下降,增加了ALT,QT间期延长,尖端扭转型,突然死亡,严重的皮肤反应(例如,史蒂文斯约翰逊综合征停止,如果发生),间质性肺疾病,缺血性脑血管事件,出血,心力衰竭,甲状腺功能减退,高血压危象,RPLS。
注: 处方和药房必须参加Caprelsa REMS计划通过致电(800)236-9933或访问www.caprelsarems.com。
如何提供: 标签30
最后更新: 2011年8月3日
Manufacturer: AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals
Pharmacological Class: Kinase inhibitor.
Active Ingredient(s): Vandetanib 100mg, 300mg, tabs.
Indication(s): Symptomatic or progressive medullary thyroid cancer in patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease.
Pharmacology: Vandetanib inhibits the activity of tyrosine kinases, including those associated with epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor, and protein tyrosine kinase 6. It has been shown to inhibit endothelial cell migration, proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis in vitro, and it inhibits the phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase. Vandetanib reduces tumor cell-induced angiogenesis, tumor vessel permeability, and inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in vivo in murine models.
Clinical Trials: A double-blind study involving 331 patients with unresectable locally advanced or medullary thyroid cancer was conducted to evaluate improvement in progression-free survival for vandetanib versus placebo. Overall survival and overall objective response rate were also examined. A statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival for patients randomized to vandetanib was demonstrated. At the time of primary analysis of progression-free survival, 15% of the patients had died, and there was no significant difference in overall survival between the two treatment groups. The overall objective response rate was 44% for those given vandetanib compared to 1% for placebo; all of the objective responses were partial responses.
Legal Classification: Rx
Adults: Do not crush tabs. May disperse tabs in 2 ounces noncarbonated water for oral or NGT administration; avoid contact of dispersion with skin, mucous membranes. 300mg once daily. Renal impairment (CrCl<50mL/min): initially 200mg once daily. Reduce dose if severe toxicity or QTc interval prolongation occurs (see literature). Do not take a missed dose within 12hrs of the next dose.
Children: Not recommended.
Contraindication(s): Congenital long QT syndrome.
Warnings/Precautions: Hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, QTcF interval >450msec, history of torsades de pointes, bradyarrhythmias, uncompensated heart failure, recent hemoptysis: not recommended. Ventricular arrhythmias. Recent MI. Monitor electrolytes (esp. K+, Ca++, Mg++), TSH, and ECG for QT prolongation at baseline, 2–4 weeks and 8–12 weeks after starting, then every 3 months, and after dose reductions or dose interruptions >2weeks; reduce dose as needed. Correct electrolyte disturbances before starting. Maintain serum K+ at least 4mEq/mL. Hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C): not recommended. Suspend therapy and follow-up if dyspnea, cough, fever, QTcF >500msec, or posterior leukoencephalopathy symptoms (RPLS) occur. Avoid sun, UV light. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.D) (may cause fetal harm; use appropriate effective contraception during and for 4 months after stopping therapy), nursing mothers: not recommended.
Interaction(s): Avoid strong CYP3A4 inducers (eg, carbamazepine, dexamethasone, phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, St.John’s Wort). Avoid other drugs that can prolong QT interval (eg, amiodarone, disopyramide, procainamide, sotalol, dofetilide, chloroquine, clarithromycin, dolasetron, granisetron, haloperidol, pimozide, methadone, moxifloxacin).
Adverse Reaction(s): Diarrhea (suspend if severe), rash, acne, nausea, hypertension, headache, fatigue, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, decreased calcium or glucose, increased ALT; QT prolongation, torsades de pointes, sudden death, severe skin reactions (eg, Stevens-Johnson syndrome; discontinue if occurs), interstitial lung disease, ischemic cerebrovascular events, hemorrhage, heart failure, hypothyroidism, hypertensive crisis, RPLS.
Notes: Prescribers and pharmacies must enroll in the Caprelsa REMS program by calling (800) 236-9933 or visit www.caprelsarems.com.
How Supplied: Tabs—30
2011年4月FDA批准批准上市新药凡德他尼(Vandetanib) 近日,其批准vandetanib用于治疗成年晚期甲状腺髓样癌患者,这些患者不适合手术治疗,肿瘤持续增大或引起症状。
甲状腺癌是颈部甲状腺的一种肿瘤。甲状腺髓样癌涉及的是甲状腺内特定类型的细胞,可自发性发生或是遗传综合症的一部分。
据美国国家癌症研究所,美国在2010年期间新诊断甲状腺癌病例约有44,600例,约1,690人死于这种疾病。髓样甲状腺癌估计占所有甲状腺癌的3%-5%;据估计,美国2010年甲状腺髓样癌的发病人数大约是1300-2200例,为罕见类型的甲状腺癌之一。
甲状腺髓样癌的常见症状包括咳嗽、吞咽困难、甲状腺肿大、颈部肿块、甲状腺肿块、患者声音的改变或声音嘶哑。
目前还没有FDA批准的用于这种类型癌症的治疗方法。Vandetanib针对甲状腺髓样癌的生长和扩大特性,其为每日口服给药。.
一项纳入331例晚期甲状腺髓样癌的单个、随机、国际性研究验证了Vandetanib的安全性和有效性。参与研究的患者随机接受vandetanib或安慰剂(糖丸)。
这项研究旨在测量患者疾病无进展生存期的长短。与接受安慰剂的患者相比,接受vandetanib患者的疾病无进展生存期更长。安慰剂组的中位无进展生存期为16.4个月,vandetanib组至少为22.6个月。确定接受vandetanib患者的中位无进展生存期或者判断他们是否将比安慰剂组患者活得更长(整体存活率)还为时过早。
Vandetanib使用时所发生的常见副作用包括腹泻、皮疹、恶心、高血压、头痛、乏力、食欲不振、胃(腹部)疼痛。研究期间报告的的严重的副作用为接受vandetanib治疗患者中有5例死亡病例。死亡的原因包括呼吸并发症、心脏衰竭和血液中细菌感染(败血症)。
Vandetanib被证明影响心脏的电活动,某些情况下会引起可能导致死亡的心率不齐。Vandetanib被批准时附有风险评估和减缓战略(REMS),告知医疗专业人员这些严重的心脏相关风险。只有经过vandetanib REMS项目认证的健康护理和药房专业人员才可以处方和分发该药物。患者也会收到美国FDA批准的用药指南,告知他们潜在的风险。
Vandetanib由位于威尔明顿的阿斯利康制药销售,现在该药尚无商品名。 |