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瑞格非尼片STIVARGA(regorafenib)

ID号:671  发布日期: 2013-08-21    截止日期: 不限  地区:全国 浏览次数:114
STIVARGA (regorafenib) 40mg tablets by Onyx and Bayer HealthCare The FDA has expanded the approved use of Stivarga (regorafenib; Bayer Healthcare) to treat patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) that cannot be surgically removed and no longer respond to Gleevec (imatinib; Novartis) and Sutent (sunitinib; Pfizer).
The safety and efficacy of Stivarga for this use were evaluated in a clinical study of 199 patients with GIST that could not be surgically removed and progressed after treatment with Gleevec or Sutent. Patients were randomized to Stivarga or placebo. Results showed patients who took Stivarga had a delay in tumor growth (progression-free survival) that was, on average, 3.9 months later than patients who were given placebo.
Stivarga is a kinase inhibitor already indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) who have been previously treated with fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapy, an anti-VEGF therapy, and, if KRAS wild type, an anti-EGFR therapy.
Generic Name and Formulations:
Regorafenib 40mg; tablets.
Company:
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
RECENT UPDATES
04/05/13
GIST indication added
Indications for STIVARGA:
Treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have been previously treated with fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapy, an anti-VEGF therapy, and, if KRAS wild type, an anti-EGFR therapy. Treatment of patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) who have been previously treated with imatinib mesylate or sunitinib malate.
Adult Dose for STIVARGA:
Swallow whole with a low-fat breakfast (contains <30% fat). 160mg once daily for the first 21 days of each 28-day cycle; until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Dose modifications: see full prescribing information.
Children's Dose for STIVARGA:
<18yrs: not established.
Pharmacological Class:
Kinase inhibitor.
Warnings/Precautions:
Risk of severe hepatotoxicity (may be fatal). Monitor hepatic function before starting and at least every 2 weeks during first 2 months of treatment; interrupt and reduce or discontinue if hepatotoxicity or hepatocellular necrosis occurs. Severe hepatic impairment: not recommended. Increased risk of hemorrhage; permanently discontinue if severe or life-threatening. Interrupt and reduce or permanently discontinue if dermatological toxicity occurs (eg, hand-foot skin reaction [a.k.a. palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia], rash). Ensure BP is controlled before starting; monitor weekly for the first 6 weeks then every cycle or as clinically indicated; withhold if severe or uncontrolled. Myocardial ischemia/infarction: withhold if new or acute onset develops; resume when resolved. Discontinue if reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome or GI perforation/fistula develops. Wound healing complications: stop treatment at least 2 weeks before surgery; discontinue if wound dehiscence occurs. Fetal toxicity. Pregnancy (Category D); use effective contraception during treatment and up to 2 months after completion. Nursing mothers: not recommended.
Interactions:
Avoid concomitant strong CYP3A4 inducers (eg, rifampin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, St. John’s Wort). Avoid concomitant strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (eg, clarithromycin, grapefruit juice, itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, telithromycin, voriconazole). Monitor INR levels with concomitant warfarin.
Adverse Reactions:
Asthenia/fatigue, decreased appetite and food intake, hand-foot skin reaction, diarrhea, mucositis, weight loss, infection, hypertension, dysphonia, GI and abdominal pain, rash, fever, nausea; hepatotoxicity, hemorrhage, GI perforation.
Metabolism:
Hepatic (CYP3A4, UGT1A9); 99.5% protein bound.
Elimination:
Fecal (major), renal.
Generic Availability:
NO
How Supplied:
Tabs—84 (3 x 28)
直肠癌和胃癌的靶向新药:Stivarga 瑞格非尼
研发商:Bayer拜耳集团
主治范围:转移性结直肠癌、晚期胃肠间质肿瘤
瑞格非尼(regorafenib)是Bayer研发的多靶点酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,能够阻断促进肿瘤生长的多种酶,2012年被美国食品药品管理局(FDA)批准用于治疗转移性结直肠癌。FDA药物评价和研究中心血液和肿瘤学办公室主任Richard Pazdur博士在发布会上指出瑞格非尼是最近的结直肠癌治疗药物,被证明可以延长病人的生命。但瑞格非尼被批准时的同时带有黑框警告,指出可能有严重或致命性的肝毒性。2013年2月25日,FDA通过优先审查程序扩大了瑞格非尼(regorafenib)的适应证,用于治疗不能手术和其他治疗手段无效的晚期胃肠间质肿瘤的患者。瑞格非尼成为针对该适应症的第三个激酶抑制剂,另两个为伊马替尼和舒尼替尼。一项纳入199例手术或其他治疗无效的晚期胃肠道间质瘤患者的临床试验评估了瑞格非尼的安全性和有效性。患者被随机分为接受瑞格非尼治疗组或安慰剂组。结果显示,瑞格非尼治疗组患者平均无进展生存比安慰剂组长3.9个月。
附: STIVARGA (regorafenib)片,口服
一般描述
Stivarga(regorafenib) 化学名4-[4-({[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] carbamoyl} amino)-3-fluorophenoxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide一水合物. Regorafenib有以下结构式:
Regorafenib是一种一水合物和其分子式C21H15ClF4N4O3 ? H2O和分子量500.83。Regorafenib几乎不溶于水,微溶于溶于乙腈,甲醇,乙醇,和乙酸乙酯和难溶于丙酮。
作用机制
Regorafenib 是一种涉及正常细胞功能和病理过程中多种膜结合和细胞内激酶的小分子抑制剂例如肿瘤发生,肿瘤血管生成,和肿瘤微环境维持。在体外生化或细胞分析,regorafenib或其主要人活性代谢物M-2和M-5,在临床上曾达到的regorafenib浓度抑制 RET,VEGFR1,VEGFR2,VEGFR3,KIT,PDGFR-α,PDGFR- β,FGFR1,FGFR2,TIE2,DDR2,Trk2A,Eph2A,RAF-1,BRAF,BRAFV600E,SAPK2,PTK5,和Abl 的活性。在体内模型中,在一个大鼠肿瘤模型中regorafenib显示抗-血管生成活性,和在一些小鼠移植瘤模型包括一些对人类大肠癌抑制肿瘤生长以及抗-转移活性。
适应症和用途
Stivarga 是一种激酶抑制剂适用于既往曾用基于氟嘧啶fluoropyrimidine]-,奥沙利铂[oxaliplatin]-和伊立替康 [irinotecan]-化疗,一种抗-VEGF治疗,和,如KRAS野生型,一种抗-EGFR治疗过的转移结肠直肠癌(CRC)患者的治疗。
剂量和给药方法
(1)推荐剂量:160 mg口服,每天1次每28天疗程的头21天。
(2)与食物服用Stivarga(一种低脂肪早餐)。
剂型和规格
40mg薄膜包衣片。
禁忌症
无。
警告和注意事项
(1)出血:对严重或威胁生命出血永久终止Stivarga。
(2)皮肤学毒性:中断和然后减低或终止Stivarga取决于皮肤学毒性的严重程度和持久性。
(3)高血压:对严重或不能控制的高血压暂时或永久终止Stivarga。
(4)心脏缺血和梗死:拒给Stivarga对新或急性心脏缺血/梗死和只有急性缺血事件解决后恢复。
(5)可逆性后部白质脑病综合征(RPLS):终止Stivarga。
(6)胃肠道穿孔或瘘管:终止Stivarga。
(7)伤口愈合并发症:术前停止Stivarga。在伤口裂开患者中终止。
(8)胚胎胎儿毒性:可能致胎儿危害。劝告妇女对胎儿潜在风险。
不良反应
最常见不良反应(≥30%)是乏力/疲乏,减低食欲和食物摄入量,手足皮肤反应(HFSR) [掌足红肿(PPE)],腹泻,口腔粘膜炎,体重减轻,感染,高血压,和发音困难。
药物相互作用
(1)强CYP3A4诱导剂:避免强CYP3A4诱导剂。
(2)强CYP3A4 抑制剂:避免强CYP3A4 抑制剂。
特殊人群中使用
哺乳母亲:终止药物或哺乳,考虑药物对母亲的重要性。
2012年9月FDA批准Regorafenib(瑞格非尼)治疗转移性结直肠癌
9月27日,FDA批准了口服药物Regorafenib(瑞格非尼)(Stivarga,拜耳)治疗转移性结直肠癌。Regorafenib是一种新型的多激酶抑制剂,阻断促进肿瘤生长的多种酶。
FDA药物评价和研究中心血液和肿瘤学办公室主任Richard Pazdur博士在发布会上指出,Regorafenib是最近的结直肠癌治疗药物,被证明可以延长病人的生命,在过去两个月来是第二个被批准治疗结直肠癌的药物。8月份,阿柏西普(Zaltrap,赛诺菲 - 安万特)被FDA批准联合FOLFIRI应用。
Regorafenib被批准时同时带有黑框警告,指出可能有严重或致命性的肝毒性。
在这项药物的关键性3期随机试验中,被称为CORRECT试验,Regorafenib组的中位总生存期为6.4个月,而安慰剂组为5.0个月。生存期增加了29%,最初是在2012的胃肠道肿瘤研讨会中报告,这是第一个小分子激酶抑制剂被证明对转移性结直肠癌有效。
在CORRECT研究中,除了标准治疗外,505名病人被随机分配口服Regorafenib 160mg,255名病人进入安慰剂组。患者持续治疗直到疾病进展,死亡或是出现不可耐受的毒性。
除了总生存期改善外,中位无进展生存期也得到改善(2.0 vs 1.7个月),HR为0.493(P<0.000001)。疾病控制率也同样如此(44% vs 15%,P<0.000001)。
最常见的3+级不良反应是手足皮肤反应(17%),疲劳(15%),腹泻(8%),高胆红素血症(8%),高血压(7%)。
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