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Emend(Aprepitant)-阿瑞吡坦胶囊

——Emend——治疗化疗病人的恶心、呕吐(美国默克公司)

2004-04-16 12:41:14  作者:新特药房  来源:新特药房药讯  浏览次数:447  文字大小:【】【】【

 Emend(Aprepitant)-阿瑞吡坦胶囊
【靶    点】为P/神经激肽受体拮抗剂。
【作用机制】为P/神经激肽受体拮抗剂,它是由FDA批准的第一种可帮助患者避免恶心及呕吐-----通常在患者接受极易引起呕吐的化疗法治疗后第一天即发生,并可持续几天-----这种症状持续发生的药物
【临床阶段】2003年3月美国FDA批准上市
【用法用量】Emend为口服胶囊剂,临床上用于与其它止吐药联合用药。连续三天,每日一次剂量,推荐剂量为化疗前1小时,口服125mg,第二,三天清晨各80mg,无论与食物是否同服均可。
【适 应 症】化疗呕吐
【贮藏条件】常温避光。
【剂       型】胶囊剂。
【原产地英文商品名】Emend 125MG x 6Capsules
【原产地英文药品名】Aprepitant
【中文参考商品译名】
注:以下产品是不同和规格和价格,购买时请了电话咨询为准
·Emend 125毫克/胶囊 6胶囊/盒
·Emend 80毫克/胶囊 6胶囊/盒
·Emend 80毫克/胶囊 2胶囊/盒
·Emend 40毫克/胶囊 5胶囊/盒
·Emend 40毫克/胶囊 1胶囊/盒
·Emend 150毫克/10毫升/瓶
·Emend 115毫克x1针瓶
·Emend 3胶囊/板装(1*25毫克+2*80毫克)
【中文参考药品译名】阿瑞吡坦
【中文参考化合物名称】阿瑞吡坦
【生产厂家中文参考译名】美国默克
【生产厂家英文名】Merck


EMEND (APREPITANT)

Emend Information

Emend is a popular medicine that is also generically known under the name of Aprepitant. This drug is known to block the actions of some harmful chemicals that are found in the patient’s organism and that usually trigger vomiting and nausea. Therefore, this medicine is widely used to prevent vomiting and nausea (these might be caused by cancer chemotherapy or surgery). This drug is unable to treat vomiting and nausea (it can only prevent them).

Emend Indications

Emend is a medicine that is usually prescribed to patients who are suffering from severe nausea and vomiting. However, this medicine might also be used to treat or to prevent some other medical disorders that have not been listed here.

Emend Warnings

Before you start taking Aprepitant, you must alert your doctor if you are suffering from liver disease. In this case, you may not be allowed to start taking this drug, or you might have to take in a lower dose of Emend. This drug is known to sometimes decrease the effectiveness of several birth-control pills, thus enabling the patient to become pregnant. During your treatment with this drug, you should use a non-hormonal birth control method (for example a diaphragm, spermicides or condoms).
Emend is a category B FDA pregnancy drug. Therefore, even if it is taken during pregnancy, this medicine should not have harmful effects on a growing fetus. However, it is highly recommended that you consult with your personal physician before you start taking this medicine if you are pregnant or if you are planning to be pregnant soon. It is not known whether Emend’s main ingredients are able to pass into breast milk or not. You should consult with your doctor before you start a treatment with this medicine if you are currently breastfeeding your child. 

Emend Intake Guidelines

You should take this drug according to your personal doctor’s instructions. If you fail to understand some of them, you should ask a pharmacist, a doctor or a nurse for further explanations. You should carefully read the information in the medicine’s label for further instructions and advice. You must accompany each dose of Emend with a glass of water (8 ounces of liquid). The first dose of Aprepitant should be taken 3 hours before a major surgery or 1 hour before a chemotherapy treatment. Sometimes this drug is combined with some other medicines, in order to increase its effectiveness. Emend should be kept out of the children’s reach, away from heat, direct sunlight and moisture.  

Emend Dosage

You should ask your doctor to tell you the dose of Emend that should work best for you. This drug’s dosage is known to vary from one case to another, because it depends on a variety of factors such as age, general health condition, etc. You must not make any adjustments to the dose that you have been prescribed without asking your physician first.

Emend Overdose

If you suspect that you are suffering from overdose with Emend, you are in need of medical care. Overdose symptoms with this medicine usually include headache and drowsiness.

Emend Missed Dose

If you happen to miss one of your Emend doses, take it as soon as you remember. If it is time for another Aprepitant dose, you should skip the one that you have missed and proceed with your regular treatment. Do not take a double dose of this medicine without your physician’s approval.

Emend side effects

You should seek emergency medical help if you are experiencing any of these symptoms of an allergic reaction: difficulty breathing; hives; swelling of your face, tongue, lips, or throat. Alert your physician if you have any of these severe side effects:

slow heart rate;
light-headedness, fainting;
pale skin, easy bleeding or bruising;
burning or pain when you urinate.
Some other, less severe side effects are also more common; these include:

tiredness or weakness;
nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, heartburn;
diarrhea or constipation;
hiccups;
loss of appetite;
dizziness;
headache;
increased thirst or dry, hot skin;
ringing in your ears;
fever, chills, flu-like symptoms,  body aches;
Insomnia.
Other side effects might also be triggered by a prolonged treatment with Emend. You should alert your physician if you experience anything unusual during your treatment with it.

Emend Drug Reactions

Before you start taking Emend, you should tell your personal doctor if you are also taking any of the following medicines:

certain cancer drugs such as irinotecan (Camptosar), etoposide (VePesid), imatinib (Gleevec), ifosfamide (Ifex), vinblastine (Velban), vinorelbine (Navelbine), or vincristine (Oncovin, Vincasar);
tolbutamide (Orinase);
blood thinners like warfarin (Coumadin);
phenytoin (Dilantin);
steroid drugs such as methylprednisolone (Medapred, Solu-Medrol) , or dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol);
midazolam (Versed) or other similar drugs like Tranxene, Valium, Xanax, etc;
antibiotics for example clarithromycin (Biaxin), ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Sporanox), troleandomycin (Tao), rifampin (Rifater, Rifamate), etc;
HIV drugs such as lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra), nelfinavir (Viracept), atazanavir (Reyataz), ritonavir (Norvir), or nelfnavir (Viracept);
seizure drugs such as phenytoin (Dilantin) or carbamazepine (Tegretol, Carbatrol);
antidepressants such as paroxetine (Paxil) or nefazodone (Serzone);
diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac, Cartia).
You should ask for your doctor’s consent before taking any other medicines, even if they are simple over-the-counter drugs like vitamins, minerals, herbal products, cold or cough medicines, etc.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

How to take EMEND

EMEND, in combination with other medicines, helps prevent CINV. EMEND is given on the first day of chemotherapy and for 2 days afterward.

Take EMEND exactly as prescribed.

Your doctor may prescribe EMEND, along with other medicines, in
1 of 2 ways:

  • EMEND for Injection on the day of chemotherapy given by an I.V., followed by a capsule of EMEND on Day 2 and Day 3
  • 3 capsules of EMEND—1 capsule on the day of chemotherapy (30 minutes before chemotherapy) followed by a capsule of EMEND on Day 2
    and Day 3

FDA支持批准抗呕吐药Emend
默克公司预防化疗病人恶心和呕吐的实验性药物Emend今天得到了FDA顾问组的关键支持,这意味着该药很可能被批准在美国销售。
这些专家告诉FDA,Emend减少恶心、呕吐发作的效果好于现有药物。这样,很少反对专家小组建议的FDA很可能与这家总部在新泽西的公司碰面,以准备认可的最终详细资料。

专家组全都投票赞成该药的安全性和有效性,但反对批准它用于多种化疗药,而只应用于默克公司研究得最多的:葛兰素史克公司的Navelbine,及勃列斯多·迈耶公司的紫杉醇、顺铂和Etopophos。尽管专家们建议了这一限制,但医生可以因任何用途开具本药。
Emend主要是在大脑后部而不是肠道来起作用,可与其它常用抗呕吐药联用。默克公司要求批准它在化疗后立即用来预防呕吐和恶心,直至化疗后五天。如果得到批准,它将是这类新药中的第一种,而且是唯一一种化疗后几天治疗呕吐的药物。今天纽约证券交易所关门时默克公司的股价上涨了8美分

Emend——治疗化疗病人的恶心、呕吐(美国默克公司)

临床研究: Emend有助缓解乳腺癌化疗的恶心呕吐
据首次以NK(1)-受体拮抗剂aprepitant(APR, Emend)预防化疗-诱导的恶心与呕吐(CINV)反应的研究报道,来自加拿大多伦多Margaret公主医院的Dr. DG Warr等对入选的857例乳腺癌进行了一项随机双盲平行的临床研究评估。斯等病人在没有其它止吐药物的配合下给予环磷醯胺+/-阿霉素或epirubicin环境下随机分为受予APR组与没有APR的对照组。APR组的治疗方案为:第1天APR 125mg, ondansetron (OND) 8mg和治疗前的dexamethasone 12mg及治疗后8小时的OND 8mg;第2-3天,APR 80mg qid。对照组的治疗方案为:第1天OND 8mg和治疗前的dexamethasone 20mg及治疗后8小时的OND 8mg;第2-3天,OND 8mg bid。结果:与对照组比较,APR组有更多的乳腺癌患者完全有效(50.8% vs 42.5%; P=0.015),所谓完全有效指不使用其它恶心和呕吐治疗法而无呕吐症状;同时,APR组有更多病人没有或有最小的CINV(63.5% vs 55.6%; P=0.019)。两项治疗方案的耐受性都很好。研究结果发表在期刊《Journal of Clinical Oncology》上。结论:对接受䱷环类抗生素及环磷醯胺二者治疗的病人,APR能更有效的预防CINV。

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