Gilead Sciences Canada, Inc.今天宣布VIREAD®(tenofovir disoproxil fumarate)药锭已在加拿大获准上市，為每日一次，治疗慢性乙型肝炎的口服抗病毒药物。

VIREAD®是用於治疗十八岁或以上慢性乙型肝炎感染病患的药物。这种新疗法疗效稳定，在各种不同的乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)病患(包括从未接受过治疗、曾接受过治疗和患有肝硬化的病患)身上，都具有相当高的疗效。1 该药物独特的耐药性，对於野生型及拉米夫定耐药性(Lamivudine-resistant)类型的乙型肝炎病毒，在抗乙型肝炎病毒方面效果相当显著。

VIREAD®是一种核苷类似体，它可以抑制乙型肝炎病毒的DNA聚合酶，也就是乙型肝炎病毒在肝细胞中繁殖所必需的酵素。至今，在两次关键性的临床治疗试验—102號研究和103號研究当中，已经有超过四百位病患使用VIREAD®治疗慢性乙型肝炎。在这些持续、隨机选择、双盲的第三阶段研究(即受试者与施测人员双方皆不知道受试者属於实验组或是对照组，直到资料蒐集完成后核对受测者代码才知道分组)当中，透过48週的治疗后，VIREAD®比另一种乙型肝炎病毒药物HEPSERA® (adefovir dipivoxil)药效更佳，安全性也不相上下。临床试验参与者包括未曾接受过乙型肝炎病毒治疗的病患，以及过去曾经使用过其他抗乙型肝炎病毒治疗的病患。

在加拿大，大约有五十万至六十万人受到乙型肝炎病毒感染。4感染者当中，大约有二十五万是亚裔，十二万是华裔，5而其中又有15%至25%带有此病毒的病患会死於慢性肝臟疾病。6只有不到15%的慢性乙型肝炎病患会向医生求诊，而服药治病的慢性乙型肝炎病患人数更不到5%。

慢性乙型肝炎是一种普及而且严重但却常被忽视的疾病，在亚裔族群中尤其盛行。患有慢性乙型肝炎的人罹患肝硬化和肝癌等严重疾病的风险也更高。全世界有高达80%的原发性肝癌和慢性乙型肝炎有关。3

VIREAD®不应与任何其他含有tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(如TRUVADA®或ATRIPLA™)的药物產品合併使用。VIREAD®亦不应与HEPSERA®同时使用，因為可能造成tenofovir的血清浓度增高。

对於曾患有病理性骨折或可能患有骨量不足的病患，应考虑监控其骨质矿物密度。服用VIREAD®治疗慢性乙型肝炎的病患，不论其起因，最常见的不適情况(发生机率≥ 5%)為：头痛、鼻咽炎、疲累、噁心、腹痛、背痛、腹泻、头晕等。

Viread / Tenofovir - HIV Prescription Medication

Why is Viread

 Tenofovir

prescribed?  

Viread / Tenofovir is used in combination with other antiviral medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Viread / Tenofovir is in a class of antiviral medications called reverse transcriptase inhibitors. It works by slowing the spread of HIV in the body. Viread / Tenofovir is not a cure and may not decrease the number of HIV-related illnesses. Viread / Tenofovir does not prevent the spread of HIV to other people. 

How should Viread

Tenofovir be used?  

Viread / Tenofovir comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It is usually taken once a day with a meal. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take Viread / Tenofovir exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor. 

Continue to take Viread / Tenofovir even if you feel well. Do not stop taking tenofovir without talking to your doctor. 

Other uses for Viread

Tenofovir:

Viread / Tenofovir may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information. 

What special precautions should I follow while using Viread

Tenofovir?  

• tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to Viread / Tenofovir or any other medications.
• tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking. Be sure to mention any of the following: antiviral medications such as acyclovir (Zovirax), cidofovir (Vistide), ganciclovir (Cytovene, Vitasert), valacyclovir (Valtrex), and valganciclovir (Valcyte); aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications (NSAIDs) such as indomethacin (Indocin); didanosine (Videx); diuretics ('water pills'); penicillin (Pen Vee K, Veetids, others); and probenecid (Benemid). Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects.
• if you are taking didanosine (Videx), take it 1 hour before or 2 hours after Viread / Tenofovir.
• in addition to the condition listed in the IMPORTANT WARNING section, tell your doctor if you have or have ever had kidney disease.
• tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking Viread / Tenofovir, call your doctor. You should not breastfeed while taking Viread / Tenofovir.
• you should be aware that your body fat may increase or move to different areas of your body, such as your breasts and your upper back.

What special dietary instructions should I follow while taking Viread

Tenofovir?  

Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue your normal diet. 

What should I do if I forget a dose of Viread

Tenofovir?  

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. 

What side effects can Viread

Tenofovir cause?  

Viread

Tenofovir may cause side effects.

Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:  

• upset stomach
• diarrhea
• vomiting
• gas
• loss of appetite  

Some side effects can be serious. If you experience any of those listed in the IMPORTANT WARNING section, call your doctor immediately. 

Viread / Tenofovir may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking this medication. 

What storage conditions are needed for Viread

Tenofovir?  

Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication. 

What other information should I know about Viread

 Tenofovir?  

Do not let anyone else take your medication. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about refilling your prescription. 

It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies. 

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Tenofovir Online:

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