制造商:
森林实验室
类药物:
选择性磷酸二酯酶4(PDE4)抑制剂
活性成分(S):
罗氟司特500mcg;选项卡。
指示(S):
为了减少在慢性支气管炎病情加重的历史严重的慢性阻塞性肺病患者的慢性阻塞性肺病恶化的风险。不适用于急性支气管痉挛的救济。
药理学:
罗氟司特和其活性代谢产物(N -氧化物罗氟司特)选择性抑制磷酸二酯酶4的活性,这种酶介导的细胞内的环磷酸腺苷的击穿。由此产生的增加在肺细胞内的环磷酸腺苷的水平,可能是相关的罗氟司特的临床效果,但行动的确切机制尚不明确界定。
临床试验:
罗氟司特在慢性阻塞性肺疾病管理的安全性和疗效评价中的一些随机双盲,对照,平行组临床试验共涉及9394不可逆的阻塞性肺疾病的成年患者。安慰剂对照1年的试验,其中四个是在严重的慢性阻塞性肺病患者,旨在评估慢性阻塞性肺病加重的罗氟司特的疗效。在这些试验中的两个,吸入糖皮质激素和短效β受体激动剂被允许。肺功能(FEV1)和中度或重度的慢性阻塞性肺疾病加重率是一个合作的主要终点。这两项试验未能显示在慢性阻塞性肺病加重率显着降低。随后的试验设计的基础上分析这些患者似乎有一个更好的响应与整体人口相比的一个子集。这两个试验入选了3096例重度COPD与慢性支气管炎,慢性阻塞性肺病发作前一年中至少有一个,至少20包年的吸烟史相关患者。长效β受体激动剂和短效的抗muscarinics被允许,但不吸入皮质类固醇。在这两个试验中,每日一次,罗氟司特500mcg呈中度或重度的慢性阻塞性肺疾病加重率与安慰剂相比,显着降低。此外,在这四个试验,罗氟司特500mcg每天导致一个显着改善肺功能。
两个额外的研究,在添加上一个长效β激动剂,或长效抗毒蕈碱治疗对肺功能的罗氟司特效果进行评估的中度至重度慢性阻塞性肺病患者6个月的药效试验。没有试验已进行了评估慢性阻塞性肺病加重罗氟司特的影响时,添加到一个固定剂量复方制剂产品,含有长效β受体激动剂,吸入皮质类固醇。
法律分类:
接收
成人:
500mcg,每日一次。
儿童:
不推荐。
禁忌(S):
中度至重度肝功能受损(Child - Pugh分级B级或C)。
警告/注意事项:
抑郁症。自杀意念。轻度肝损害(Child - Pugh分级A级)。失眠,焦虑,抑郁,自杀意念,情绪变化的监测,重新评估,如果发生。定期显示器的重量;考虑停止,如果出现原因不明或明显消瘦。怀孕(部件C)。劳动和分娩,哺乳期的母亲:不推荐。
相互作用(S):
伴随强烈的生理反应的CYP450诱导剂(如利福平,苯巴比妥,卡马西平,苯妥英钠):不推荐使用。 Potentiated由CYP3A4和CYP1A2抑制剂(如红霉素,酮康唑,氟伏沙明,依诺沙星,西咪替丁),和口服避孕药含孕二烯酮+炔雌醇(可能增加的不利影响)。
不良反应(S):
体重下降,头痛,背痛,流感,头晕,胃肠不适,食欲下降,精神病的影响(例如,失眠,焦虑,抑郁)。
如何提供:
标签30
最后更新:
2011年6月21日
美国FDA 2011年3月1日批准Daliresp(罗氟司特[roflumilast])片 – 既往名Daxas
美国食品和药品监督管理局(FDA)批准Daliresp (roflumilast),每天服用一药丸减低来自严重慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)频繁发作(加重)或症状的恶化.
COPD是一种使呼吸困难的严重肺病疾病。症状可包括气短,慢性咳嗽,和过多痰。1次加重可能持续几周和导致肺不功能衰退, 死亡风险增加,而且可能伴有严重焦虑。按美国心,肺,和血液研究所吸烟是COPD的主要病因,在美国COPD是美国第四位死亡原因。
Roflumilast,治疗COPD 新药类别,是一种被称为4型磷酸二酯酶(PDE-4)酶的抑制剂。适用于有严重COPD人们治疗咳嗽症状和与支气管炎关联的多量粘液。Roflumilast不意向治疗主要肺气肿的另一种形式COPD。
FDA的药物评价和研究中心中药物评价II部主任Curtis Rosebraugh, M.D., M.P.H说“COPD是一种随时间变坏的严重疾病,”“新的治疗选择减低发作或加重频数在帮助有COPD伴慢性支气管炎和加重史患者处理这种使人衰弱疾病是很重要的。”
在包括超过1,500例患者年龄40和以上接受roflumilast的两项3期临床研究证实Roflumilast的安全性和有效性。被治疗患者有COPD史伴慢性支气管炎和开始治疗前12个月期间曾经受疾病加重。
FDA批准roflumilast有一个药物指导告知患者精神健康问题潜在风险,包括情绪变化,思维,或行为,以及不能解释的体重减轻。
Roflumilast不应用于治疗突然呼吸困难(急性支气管痉挛),和不推荐为小于18岁的人们。接受roflumilast患者最常报道副作用包括腹泻,恶心,头痛,失眠,背痛,食欲减退,和头晕。
Manufacturer:
Forest Laboratories
Pharmacological Class:
Selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor
Active Ingredient(s):
Roflumilast 500mcg; tabs.
Indication(s):
To reduce risk of COPD exacerbations in severe COPD patients with chronic bronchitis and a history of exacerbations. Not for the relief of acute bronchospasm.
Pharmacology:
Both roflumilast and its active metabolite (roflumilast N-oxide) selectively inhibit the activity of phosphodiesterase 4, an enzyme that mediates the breakdown of intracellular cyclic AMP. The resultant increased levels of intracellular cyclic AMP in lung cells may be related to the clinical effects of roflumilast, but the exact mechanism of action is not well defined.
Clinical Trials:
The safety and efficacy of roflumilast in the management of COPD was evaluated in several randomized double-blind, controlled, parallel group clinical trials involving a total of 9,394 adult patients with nonreversible obstructive lung disease. Four of these were placebo-controlled 1-year trials in patients with severe COPD that were designed to evaluate the efficacy of roflumilast on COPD exacerbations. In two of these trials, inhaled corticosteroids and short-acting beta agonists were allowed. Lung function (FEV1) and the rate of moderate or severe COPD exacerbations was a co-primary endpoint. Both trials failed to show a significant reduction in the rate of COPD exacerbations. Subsequent trials were designed based on an analysis of a subset of these patients who appeared to have a better response compared to the overall population. These two trials enrolled 3,096 patients with severe COPD associated with chronic bronchitis, at least one COPD exacerbation in the previous year, and at least a 20 pack-year smoking history. Long-acting beta agonists and short-acting anti-muscarinics were allowed, but not inhaled corticosteroids. In both of these trials, roflumilast 500mcg once daily showed a significant reduction in the rate of moderate or severe COPD exacerbations compared to placebo. Also, in these four trials, roflumilast 500mcg daily resulted in a significant improvement in lung function.
Two additional studies were 6-month efficacy trials in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD conducted to assess the effect on lung function of roflumilast as add-on therapy to a long-acting beta agonist or a long-acting anti-muscarinic. No trials have been conducted to assess the effects of roflumilast on COPD exacerbations when added to a fixed-dose combination product containing a long-acting beta agonist and inhaled corticosteroid.
Legal Classification:
Rx
Adults:
500mcg once daily.
Children:
Not recommended.
Contraindication(s):
Moderate-to-severe liver impairment (Child-Pugh Class B or C).
Warnings/Precautions:
Depression. Suicidal ideation. Mild liver impairment (Child-Pugh Class A). Monitor for insomnia, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, other mood changes; reevaluate if occurs. Monitor weight regularly; consider discontinuing if unexplained or significant weight loss occurs. Pregnancy (Cat. C). Labor & delivery, nursing mothers: not recommended.
Interaction(s):
Concomitant strong CYP450 inducers (eg, rifampicin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, phenytoin): not recommended. Potentiated by CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 inhibitors (eg, erythromycin, ketoconazole, fluvoxamine, enoxacin, cimetidine), and by oral contraceptives containing gestodene + ethinyl estradiol (possible increased adverse effects).
Adverse Reaction(s):
GI upset, weight decrease, headache, back pain, influenza, dizziness, decreased appetite; psychiatric effects (eg, insomnia, anxiety, depression).
How Supplied:
Tabs—30