繁体中文
设为首页
加入收藏
当前位置:药品说明书与价格首页 >> 上市新药 >> 注射用伊米苷酶|Cerezyme(imiglucerase)

注射用伊米苷酶|Cerezyme(imiglucerase)

2012-01-18 00:23:01  作者:新特药房  来源:中国新特药网天津分站  浏览次数:523  文字大小:【】【】【
简介: Cerezyme (伊米苷酶imiglucerase)【商品名】思而赞【通用名】注射用伊米苷酶【汉语拼音】sierzan【别名】依米格西酶【英文名】Imiglucerase、Cerezyme【药品类别】酶及辅酶类药【药理毒理】本品是用于治 ...

Cerezyme (伊米苷酶imiglucerase)
【商品名】思而赞
【通用名】注射用伊米苷酶
【汉语拼音】sierzan
【别名】依米格西酶
【英文名】Imiglucerase、Cerezyme
【药品类别】酶及辅酶类药
【药理毒理】本品是用于治疗戈谢氏病,用基因重组技术生产的β-葡萄糖脑苷酯酶的类似物,具有497个氨基酸的糖蛋白,含有4个N-环连接的糖基化位点。它与Alglucerase(阿糖苷酶)不同,在495位上1个氨基酸,本品在这里组氨酸被取代成精氨酸,而且,以糖的结构在糖基化位点上。戈谢氏病是先天葡萄糖脑苷酯酶缺乏引起的罕见的代谢遗传病。缺乏这种酶,会导致葡萄糖脑苷酯在巨噬细胞内堆积而成为高歇氏细胞。本品可以长期作为这种酶缺乏的替代疗法。
【药代动力学】
【适应症/功效】如同阿糖苷酶一样,本品适用于确诊戈谢氏病(Gaucher症、脑苷脂沉积病、高雪氏症)患者。戈谢氏病主要症状是贫血,血小板减少,骨痛,肝、脾肿大。本品改善贫血、血小板减少症、恶病质和缩小肝和脾肿大的程度与阿糖苷酶相类似。
【用法用量:本品为静脉滴注给药。剂量应根据每个病人情况个体化,起始剂量应小于2.5U/kg每周3次,可根据情况增加直到60U/kg,每周1次或减少到每4周1次。大多数经验剂量是60U/kg,每2周1次。病人出现疗效后,为维持治疗,需减小剂量。应在3~6个月内,于严密监护下逐渐减量调整。滴注前,以0.9%生理盐水稀释到100~200ml静滴,每次1~2小时以上。
【不良反应】对25例戈谢氏病患者临床观察,未见严重不良反应或由于不良反应而停止治疗者。有3例出现头痛,1例病人出现恶心、腹部不适、眩晕、皮肤瘙痒、皮疹、血压轻度降低和小便次数减少。4例病人(16%)发生本品的免疫球蛋白G(IgG)抗体反应,而15例接受阿糖苷酶治疗的病人中有6例(40%)出现阿糖苷酶的IgG抗体。尽管用本品治疗的病人不论早期或改变成用阿糖苷酶治疗以后,都未出现严重的过敏反应症状。但是对以前曾用过阿糖苷酶治疗,并已产生抗体或对阿糖苷酶显示高敏症状,现在接受本品治疗的患者应当注意观察。
【禁忌症】本品是否能引起对胎儿的损害或排入乳汁中尚不清楚。
孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药:尚不明确,本品被分类为妊娠C类药物。
【药物相互作用】
【贮藏】本品必须冷藏,但不可冰冻。本品不含任何防腐剂,稀释后应立即使用。
【规格】400单位/瓶;200单位/瓶;
【批准文号】
注册证号S20080096;
注册证号S20080095
【生产厂家】美国GenzymeCorporation

Cerezyme

——Cerezyme(伊米苷酶)治疗罕见戈谢病(高雪氏病)

Genzyme公司日前宣布,欧盟批准Cerezyme (伊米苷酶,imiglucerase)的一项新适应证,用于治疗III型代谢病。这项决定是在2003年6月欧盟发布的有关专利药物Cerezyme扩大标签的积极意见的基础上作出的。

Cerezyme的标签将增补这么一条:该产品适用于确诊为I型或III型戈谢病的且有显著非神经临床表现的患者的长期酶替代治疗。
在欧洲扩大Cerezyme 的标签主要是为了确保治疗中的戈谢病患者能够持续以该药物治疗,而并不指望增加使用Cerezyme的病人总数。
戈谢病是一种常染色体隐性遗传所造成的葡糖脑苷脂沉积症,是脂类沉积症中最常见者。其临床特征为脾、肝肿大,脾功能亢进,骨骼病变,也可以出现造血系统和中枢神经系统症状。
【病因和发病机制】本病系因β-葡糖脑苷脂酶缺乏,致使葡糖脑苷脂不能水解成神经酰胺和葡萄糖、大量沉积于全身的网状内皮系统细胞内,以脾、肝和骨骼等为主。β-葡糖脑苷脂酶的编码基因位于lq2l,长约7Kb,含有11个外显子,已知该基因突变种类繁多,包括点突变、插入和缺乏等,其中以点突变1226G和1448C最为多见,由此造成酶分子结构发生不同的变异,酶活性缺陷程度亦不等,在临床上本病有3种不同表现的类型。Ⅰ型戈谢病不同于Ⅱ、Ⅲ型,其脑组织中并无节苷脂降解生成的葡糖脑苷脂累积,可能是因为该型患者的脑组织中尚保留有β-葡糖脑苷脂酶同功酶的活性所致。
近年研究发现β-葡糖脑苷脂酶尚需与Sap-C结合成复合体后始能充分发挥其降解作用,Sap-C(或称Sap-2)是一种硫酸脑苷脂激活蛋白,它的编码基因位于10q21,已证实该基因的突变可导致Sap-C缺陷,并造成与Ⅲ型类似临床表现的类戈谢病。
【病理】患儿全身网状内皮系统中均有特殊的戈谢细胞浸润。戈谢细胞是由脾脏的组织细胞、肝脏的Kupffer细胞、肺泡的巨噬细胞和其他器官内的单核细胞族转变形成;是一种直径达20~100μm的充满脂类的大型细胞,呈圆或卵圆形,含一个或数个偏心的圆形或不整形胞核,染色质粗糙,胞浆浅兰色,量多,有纤维条纹结构,如皱纹纸样。电镜下可见胞浆中有特异性的管状脑苷脂包涵体。糖原染色(PAS)和酸性磷酸酶染色呈强阳性,苏丹黑染色阳性。其浸润部位以脾髓质为主,其他如肝窦状隙、肾小球、肺泡毛细血管、淋巴结、骨髓以及脑神经组织等均可被侵犯,亦偶见于胰腺、甲状腺和肾上腺等内分泌腺体。
除具有戈谢细胞浸润特征外,患儿各器官尚可发生不同程度的其他病理改变,如:脾脏正常结构遭破坏和纤维化;肝脏有不同程度的纤维化;脊椎骨、股骨呈骨质囊性侵蚀和病理骨折;脑内的颅神经核、基底节、丘脑、小脑和锥体束等处的神经元退行性变等。

【临床表现】根据临床症状的差异,本病可分为3型。同一家族中发病者都属相同类型。
1.Ⅰ型即慢性(非神经)型是最常见的一型,其β-葡糖脑苷脂酶活性约为正常人的18%~40%。发病年龄可自生后数月至70岁间的任何阶段,多数在学龄前期因肝、脾肿大和贫血就诊。在发病早期,仅有脾肿大和轻度贫血。随着病程进展,脾脏增大显著,并出现脾功能亢进现象,贫血显著,白细胞和血小板亦减少。至晚期时,生长发育显著落后,腹部明显膨胀,各种症状加重,贫血加重,白细胞和血小板明显减少,常伴有感染和皮肤粘膜出血倾向。淋巴结轻度肿大。肝功能受损,常见食道静脉曲张、Ⅸ因子等凝血因子缺乏。骨髓被浸润导致严重骨痛和关节肿胀,X线检查可见普遍性骨质疏松、髓腔增宽、股骨远端呈烧瓶状和股骨头无菌性坏死等局限性骨质破坏甚至骨折。年长患者面部和四肢暴露部位常见色素沉着和肺部浸润症状。
2.Ⅱ型又称为急性(神经)型发病年龄自新生儿期至18个月,以3~4个月为多见。其β-葡糖脑苷脂酶活性低于正常人的5%,是预后最差的一型。初起症状以哭声微弱、吸吮能力差和肝脾进行性增大为主,继而出现吞咽困难、斜视、头后仰等症状。多数患儿在6~9个月时发生肌张力增高、腱反射亢进、喉喘鸣、惊厥和病理反射等神经系统症状。肺内可有大量戈谢细胞浸润或并发肺炎,多有咳嗽、呼吸困难和紫绀。一般在2岁以内死于肺部感染。
3.Ⅲ型即亚急性(神经)型较少见,其β-葡糖脑苷脂酶活性约为正常人的12%~20%。本型常在2岁左右时发病,初起以脾肿大为主,肝脾肿大发展缓慢。经过3~7年的无明显症状期后逐渐出现神经系统症状,如斜视、肌痉挛、智能低下和惊厥发作等。晚期出现骨骼病变、脾功能亢进、全血细胞减少和出血症状。患儿常在神经症状出现后2年左右死亡。
【诊断】对肝脾肿大患儿,不论是否伴有贫血、血小板减少、骨质缺损等其他疑似症状,都应考虑本病的可能性。论断依据为:
1.典型的临床症状和体征。
2.戈谢细胞检查 患儿骨髓、脾、肝或淋巴结穿刺液均可供检测。
3.血清酸性磷酸酶增高。
4.β-葡糖脑苷脂酶活性测定
通常采用外周血白细胞或培养皮肤成纤维细胞进行。由于人体组织中含有多种β-葡糖苷酶,如所选的方法不当,则结果不尽可靠,必须注意。
5.DNA分析较酶法诊断可靠,但是本病基因突变种类繁多,尚有目前尚未查明者,因此分析结果正常者亦不能完全排除本病。
【治疗】对Ⅱ型主要为对症治疗。
【产前诊断】对有本病家族史的孕妇,可测定培养羊水细胞或绒毛细胞中的β-葡糖脑苷脂酶活性、进行产前诊断。近来,亦已开始藉助PCR方法进行DNA分析,更为容易。

 

Generic Name: imiglucerase (Intravenousroute)

im-i-GLOO-ser-ase

Commonly used brand name(s):

In the U.S.

  • Cerezyme

Available Dosage Forms:

  • Powder for Solution

Therapeutic Class: Gastrointestinal Agent

Pharmacologic Class: Enzyme

Uses For Cerezyme

Imiglucerase is used to treat Gaucher's disease caused by the lack of a certain enzyme, glucocerebrosidase, in the body. This enzyme is necessary for your body to use fats.

Imiglucerase is available only from your doctor.

Before Using Cerezyme

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:

Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Pediatric

Although there is no specific information comparing use of imiglucerase in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults.

Geriatric

Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of imiglucerase in the elderly with use in other age groups.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category Explanation
All Trimesters C Animal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.

Breast Feeding

There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Interactions with Medicines

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

Proper Use of Cerezyme

This medicine helps control and reverse problems caused by Gaucher's disease. Therefore, you must continue to receive it if you expect to keep your condition under control. You may have to receive imiglucerase for the rest of your life. If Gaucher's disease is not treated, it can cause serious blood, liver, skeletal, or spleen problems.

Dosing

The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

  • For Gaucher's disease:
    • For injection dosage form:
      • Adults and children—The dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The usual dose is 15 to 60 Units per kilogram (kg) (6.8 to 27 Units per pound) of body weight injected into a vein over one to two hours. The dose may be repeated several times a week to once every 2 weeks, depending on your condition. Later your doctor may lower your dose.

Precautions While Using Cerezyme

It is important that your doctor check your progress while you are receiving imiglucerase to make sure that the dosage is correct for you.

Cerezyme Side Effects

Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:

Less common

  • Abdominal discomfort
  • decrease in blood pressure, decrease in frequency of urination
  • dizziness
  • headache
  • itching
  • nausea
  • rash

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


伊米苷酶Cerezyme (imiglucerase)治疗高雪氏病的疗效研究

高雪氏病(Gaucher Disease)是一种溶酶体贮积症,贮积物为葡糖苷脂,Brady等于1964年发现其贮积原因是由于溶酶体中葡糖苷酶(β-glucosidase)缺陷所致,这为高雪氏病的诊断和治疗提供了理论依据。美国世界健康基金会北京办事处过对15例患者高雪氏病患者采用药物Cerezyme(伊米苷酶)治疗取得满意疗效。
15例确诊的高雪氏病患者中,男性13例,女性2例,年龄6岁-34岁,均为I型。以上患者均符合高雪氏病的诊断标准。即出现相应的临床表现,骨髓检查发现高雪氏细胞及白细胞或成纤维细胞中β-葡萄糖苷酶活性在正常平均值的20%以下确诊。
患者均被给予Cerezyme初剂量60U/kg,加入0.9%生理盐水200ml,静脉点滴每2周1次。患者用药每6个月,即将检查结果记录到专用的治疗记录表,供其评估并指导患者用药。此15例患者用药半年至1年身高、体重、血象及肝脾容积都有明显改善,2年后剂量改为30u/kg,其它监测方法仍不变。观察时间为4年。
结果显示,所有患者症状都有了较明显改善。,15例患者治疗前轻度贫血9例,中度贫血2例,仅4例正常。治疗后血红蛋白均有不同程度升高,最多升高7.8g/dl,平均升高2.1g/d。9/15例治疗前血小板不同程度减少,治疗后仅1例未恢复正常,但血小板数也增加了2倍,临床出血症状改善。有6例已作脾切除,5/6例血小板皆正常。
治疗前全部均有肝脾肿大,治疗后肝脾容积明显回缩。肝容积缩小12~39%,平均缩小9.3%,5例患者肝容积较治疗前增大。脾容积缩小38—78%,平均缩小61%,与国外文献相近。治疗前全部病例均有骨骼浸润和骨质疏松,其中10/15例下肢骨有高雪氏病典型烧瓶样改变,2例有骨坏死,2例有血管梗死,4例骨痛。每用药半年复查x线征象无明显改善,也无恶化征象,但骨痛症状均消失,与国外文献报道相符验β-葡糖苷酶13/15有略微升高,但离正常值相距较远,有2例下降。
本组病例治疗前年龄最小1岁3个月,治疗前身高73cm,低于6个标准差,体重9kg,符合同龄人标准;治疗16个月后身高增加11cm,体重增加5.5kg,已完全符合同龄儿童发育标准;治疗24个月后身高89cm,体重16kg;治疗4年后身高104cm,体重23kg,与同龄儿童身高、体重的均值100cm和l6kg相比,已超过此值。l例7岁男童治疗前身高101cm,低于4个标准差,体重16kg,低于2个标准差,治疗20个月后身高增加22cm,体重增加8kg,已达到同龄人标准;治疗4年后身高143cm,体重38kg。除去每年增高5cm,实际增高23cm,已超过该年龄标准。15例患者4年内身高平均增高25。8cm,体重平均增加14.5,除去身高每年增高5cm,体重每年增长2kg外,已超过同年龄标准。
1989年国外首先从人的胎盘中加工提取β-葡糖苷酶,称Ceredase,用于酶替代治疗(Enzymereplacementtherapy,ERT),取得显著效果。1998年美国GENZYME公司用DNA重组技术由哺乳动物细胞中提取β-葡糖苷酶,称Cerezyme(imiglucerase注射剂)用于临床,结果证明与Ceredase疗效相同。
本组病例临床实践显示,治疗后首先贫血好转,肝功能恢复,继之肝脾容积缩小。但有5例患者肝容积较治疗前增大,由于这些患者在治疗2年时肝容积本已缩小,故考虑可能与患者2年后一般情况好转剂量由60U/kg减为30U/kg有关。但也不除外与患者用药2年时效果最显著有关,这与国外文献报道相符。脾容积缩小38—78%,平均缩小61%,比治疗2年时平均缩小范围大,说明脾容积缩小范围与治疗时间成正比。脾功能亢进症状逐渐消失,食欲增加,精神好转,生长发育加快,生活质量提高。目前为止,Cerezyme应用安全,尚未发生明显的毒副作用。故高雪氏病在基因治疗尚未广泛应用之前,酶替代疗法仍是唯一改善症状的有效措施。

责任编辑:admin


相关文章
注射用伊米苷酶Cerezyme(imiglucerase)
Cerezyme(伊米苷酶)治疗罕见戈谢病
注射用伊米苷酶(思而赞/Cerezyme)
Cerezyme(注射用伊米苷酶,imiglucerase)
伊米苷酶注射液治疗高雪氏病的疗效研究
注射用伊米苷酶(Cerezyme,imiglucerase)
思而赞 ®(注射用伊米苷酶)-治疗戈谢氏病的治疗药
 

最新文章

更多

· ADEMPAS(RIOCIGUAT)TABL...
· RIXUBIS(Coagulation Fa...
· GLIADEL Wafer(Polifepr...
· 尼达尼布软胶囊|Ofev(ni...
· 碘克沙醇注射剂VISIPAQU...
· SAVAYSA(EDOXABAN TOSYL...
· VIEKIRA PAK(DASABUVIR...
· TECHNIVIE(ombitasvir, ...
· ODOMZO(sonidegib 原名L...
· OLYSIO(SIMEPREVIR SODI...

推荐文章

更多

· ADEMPAS(RIOCIGUAT)TABL...
· RIXUBIS(Coagulation Fa...
· GLIADEL Wafer(Polifepr...
· 尼达尼布软胶囊|Ofev(ni...
· 碘克沙醇注射剂VISIPAQU...
· SAVAYSA(EDOXABAN TOSYL...
· VIEKIRA PAK(DASABUVIR...
· TECHNIVIE(ombitasvir, ...
· ODOMZO(sonidegib 原名L...
· OLYSIO(SIMEPREVIR SODI...

热点文章

更多

· 尼达尼布软胶囊|Ofev(ni...
· GLIADEL Wafer(Polifepr...
· RIXUBIS(Coagulation Fa...
· ADEMPAS(RIOCIGUAT)TABL...