部分中文氟氯西林处方资料（仅供参考）
药品英文名
Flucloxacillin
药品别名
氟氯西林、氟氯苯甲异恶唑青霉素、氟氯苯唑青霉素、氟氯青霉素钠、氟沙星、Flucloxacillinum、Flucloxin
药物剂型
1.粉针剂：0.5g；
2.胶囊：0.25g。
药理作用
本品为耐酸、耐酶的半合成青霉素。其抗菌作用及抗菌谱与苯唑西林相似，对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌作用较后者弱。对产β-内酰胺酶的革兰阳性细菌感染，与氨苄西林联合应用能保护后者不被β-内酰胺酶破坏。本药对产青霉素酶的金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、化脓性链球菌、肺炎链球菌、淋球菌、脑膜炎双球菌有较好抗菌活性。粪肠球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、肠道阴性杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、厌氧脆弱拟杆菌对本药耐药。
药动学
氟氯西林的口服生物利用率为30%～50%。口服250mg，1h后达血药浓度峰值，为6～20μg/ml。药物吸收后在体内分布良好。本药蛋白结合率高，为92%～94%，消除半衰期0.75～1.5h。仅部分药物在肝脏内进行代谢，大部分(50%～65%)药物以原形形式经肾随尿液排泄。血液透析不能有效清除药物。
适应证
用于由耐药金黄色葡萄球菌所致的各种严重感染，如心内膜炎、败血症(菌血症)、骨髓炎、脑膜炎、化脓性关节炎、肠道感染、烧伤创面感染、尿道感染、胆道感染、皮肤与软组织感染等。
禁忌证
对本药或其他青霉素类药过敏者。
注意事项
1.交叉过敏：对一种青霉素类药过敏者可能对其他青霉素类药过敏，也可能对青霉胺或头孢菌素类过敏。
2.慎用：
(1)孕妇及哺乳期妇女；
(2)新生儿；
(3)有哮喘、湿疹、枯草热、荨麻疹等过敏性疾病史者；
(4)肝、肾功能严重损害者。
3.治疗期间或治疗后出现发热、皮疹、皮肤瘙痒的患者，应监测肝脏功能。
不良反应
1.过敏反应：用药后可发生青霉素引起的各种过敏反应，较常见。
2.神经毒性：大剂量静脉注射可引起头痛、抽搐、惊厥等神经毒性反应，此反应尤易见于肾功能减退患者。
3.肝毒性：少数患者用药后可出现氨基转移酶暂时性升高，也有致急性肝脏胆汁淤积的报道。
4.肾毒性：偶有致急性间质性肾炎的报道。
5.血液系统：静脉给药后偶可出现中性粒细胞减少症或粒细胞缺乏症。也偶有致溶血性贫血的报道。
6.胃肠反应：口服给药后可出现恶心、呕吐、腹胀、腹泻、食欲减退等胃肠道症状，偶见假膜性结肠炎。
用法用量
1.口服给药：成人每次250～500mg，儿童每次100～125mg，每天3次，餐前1h服用。
2.肌内注药：每次250～500mg，儿童每天30～50mg/kg，分3～4次给予，溶于0.5%利多卡因注射剂中。
3.静脉注射：成人每次500mg，每天4次，儿童每天25～50mg/kg，分3次给予，溶于注射用水或葡萄糖注射剂10～20ml中静注。
药物相应作用
1.本药与阿莫西林合用可产生协同作用，现已有氟氯西林和阿莫西林等比例组成的复方制剂新灭菌。
2.本药与阿米卡星联用可增强对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌作用。
3.丙磺舒可阻滞本药排泄，升高血药浓度。
4.本药与伤寒活疫苗同用可降低伤寒活疫苗的免疫效应，其可能的机制是本药对伤寒沙门菌具有抗菌活性。
5.本药与甲氨蝶呤同用可使甲氨蝶呤的血浆浓度-时间曲线下面积(AUC)下降，但这种结果只有统计学上的显著性差异，而无临床意义。
专家点评
氟氯西林为耐金黄色葡萄球菌酶的半合成青霉素，临床上主要用于治疗产酶的金黄色葡萄球菌引起的各种严重感染，也用于手术后预防葡萄球菌感染，临床不用于耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌的感染。以本品治疗化脓性链球菌所致的呼吸系统感染，治愈率高达90%。另也适用于耐药金黄色葡萄球菌导致的尿道感染。
FLUCLOXACILLIN WARNINGS
Flucloxacillin should be used with caution in:
pregnancy
breastfeeding
liver disease
patients aged 50 years or older patients with serious underlying diseases.
It should not be used in:
hypersensitivity (allergy) to penicillins Also see list of precautions and interactions
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STORAGE
Flucloxacillin capsules should be stored in the original packaging or in recloseable containers in a dry place.
Flucloxacillin syrup should not be stored above 25°C. Once opened, the syrup should be stored refrigerated (at 5°C) for a maximum of 14 days. Flucloxacillin powder for injection should not be stored above 25°C. Once prepared for injection, it should be used immediately.
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FLUCLOXACILLIN USES
What is it used for?
Flucloxacillin is used to treat certain types of bacterial infection and to prevent bacterial infections occurring during major surgery.
It is an antibiotic, sometimes known as a penicillin.
It is used to treat particular types of infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria and is effective against bacteria (such as staphylococcal and streptococcal infections) that produce a substance (known as beta-lactamase or penicillinase) that can destroy many penicillins.
In general this drug is used treat infections of the ear, nose, and throat, blood, bones and joints, chest, gut, heart, kidney and skin, and to treat meningitis and urinary
infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. It is also used as a preventive therapy, to prevent such infections occurring during major surgery, in particular during heart or
orthopaedic surgery.
Benefits of being on this drug can include controlling and stopping infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria.
It can also prevent infections occurring during surgery improving recovery after your operation.
Listed below are the typical uses of flucloxacillin.
Skin and soft tissue infections, including burns, wound infections, protection for skin grafts, impetigo Respiratory infections, including pneumonia, sinusitis, and tonsillitis
Other infections such as osteomyelitis, urinary tract infection, gastroenteritis, meningitis, endocarditis (heart infection), septicaemia (blood infection) As a prophylactic (preventive) agent during major surgical procedures, for example during heart and orthopaedic surgery On occasion your doctor may prescribe this medicine to treat a
condition not on the above list. Such conditions are listed below.
None listed
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HOW TO USE/TAKE
How often do I take it?
Take this medication orally usually four times a day, half to one hour before meals. For other forms of administration, for example, IV and IM, the medication will be prepared and
administered by your doctor or other health care professional.
Use this medication for duration of prescription in order to get the most benefit from it.
Remember to use it at the same time each day - unless specifically told otherwise by your doctor.
It may take the whole duration of the prescription before the full benefit of this drug takes effect.
Do not stop treatment early because some bacteria may survive and cause the infection to come back.
Certain medical conditions may require different dosage instructions as directed by your doctor.
What dose?
Dosage is based on your age, gender, medical condition, response to therapy, and use of certain interacting medicines.
Do I need to avoid anything?
Flucloxacillin is not know to interfere with your ability to drive or operate machinery. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details.
When can I stop?
Always complete the full course as prescribed by your doctor.
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FLUCLOXACILLIN SIDE EFFECTS
Minor gastrointestinal disturbances (diarrhoea) If any of these persist or you consider them severe then inform your doctor or pharmacist.
Tell your doctor immediately if you develop any of the following symptoms:
Allergic (hypersensitivity) reactions (very rarely, serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity reactions known as anaphylaxis may occur)
Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this
medication do not have serious side effects.
A serious allergic reaction to this drug is unlikely, but seek immediate medical attention if it occurs.
Symptoms of a serious allergic reaction include: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), dizziness, trouble breathing.
This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
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FLUCLOXACILLIN PRECAUTIONS
Before taking flucloxacillin, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other penicillins; or if you have any other allergies.
This medication should not be used if you have certain medical conditions. Before using this medicine, consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have: known hypersensitivity to penicillins.
Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially any of the following: liver disease, any serious underlying illness.
Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist that you are taking this medication.
Does alcohol intake affect this drug?
Alcohol intake is not known to affect flucloxacillin.
The elderly: flucloxacillin should be used with caution in older patients (aged more than 50 years) as it may affect the liver.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding - please ensure you read the detailed information below
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PREGNANCY
Flucloxacillin is suitable to take during pregnancy. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any doubts or questions about this.
It is sensible to limit use of medication during pregnancy whenever possible. However, your doctor may decide that the benefits outweigh the risks in individual circumstances and after a careful assessment of your specific health situation.
If you have any doubts or concerns you are advised to discuss the medicine with your doctor or pharmacist.
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BREAST FEEDING
Flucloxacillin is suitable to take if you are breastfeeding.
However, trace amounts pass into the milk and the chance of hypersensitivity reactions occurring must be considered in breast-fed infants.
It is sensible to limit use of medication during breastfeeding whenever possible. However, your doctor may decide that the benefits outweigh the risks in individual circumstances and after a careful assessment of your specific health situation.
If you have any doubts or concerns you are advised to discuss the medicine with your doctor or pharmacist.
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FLUCLOXACILLIN INTERACTIONS
Your doctor or pharmacist may already be aware of any possible drug interactions and may be monitoring you for them. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with them first.
There are medicines that are known to interact with flucloxacillin and your doctor may well have considered this, however if you are taking any of the following medicines
please make sure your doctor or pharmacist is aware of this.
Do not start, stop or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with them first.
This drug should not be used with the following medications because very serious, possibly fatal interactions may occur: probenecid If you are currently such medications, tell your doctor or pharmacist before starting flucloxacillin.
Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all prescription and non-prescription/herbal products you may use, especially of:
oral contraceptives This information does not contain all possible interactions.
Therefore, before using flucloxacillin, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the products you use.
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FLUCLOXACILLIN OVERDOSE
If you (or someone else) swallow a lot of capsules at the same time, or you think a child may have swallowed any, contact your nearest hospital casualty department or tell your doctor immediately. Symptoms of an overdose include feeling or being sick and diarrhoea.
If you think you, or someone you care for, might have accidentally taken more than the recommended dose of flucloxacillin or intentional overdose is suspected, contact your local hospital, GP or if in the UK call NHS Direct on 0845 4647.
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MISSED DOSE
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember and carry on as before. Try to wait about four hours before taking the next dose. Do not double the dose to catch up.
附件:

2010102001352317.pdf

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注：以下产品不同规格和不同价格，购买请以咨询为准！
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产地国家: 英国
原产地英文商品名:
Flucloxacillin SOLUTION INJECTABLE 500mg/vial 10vials/box
原产地英文药品名:
FLUCLOXACILLIN
中文参考商品译名:
Flucloxacillin注射溶液 500毫克/瓶 10瓶/盒
中文参考药品译名:
氟氯西林
生产厂家中文参考译名:
CPP (UK)
生产厂家英文名:
CPP (UK)

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产地国家: 欧洲共同体国家
原产地英文商品名:
FLUCLOX SOLUTION INJECTABLE 1g/vial 10vials/box
原产地英文药品名:
FLUCLOXACILLIN
中文参考商品译名:
FLUCLOX注射溶液 1克/瓶 10瓶/盒
中文参考药品译名:
氟氯西林
生产厂家中文参考译名:
Stragen Pharma
生产厂家英文名:
Stragen Pharma
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产地国家: 欧洲共同体国家
原产地英文商品名:
FLUCLOX SOLUTION INJECTABLE 2g/vial 10vials/box
原产地英文药品名:
FLUCLOXACILLIN
中文参考商品译名:
FLUCLOX注射溶液 2克/瓶 10瓶/盒
中文参考药品译名:
氟氯西林
生产厂家中文参考译名:
Stragen Pharma
生产厂家英文名:
Stragen Pharma
该药品相关信息网址1:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flucloxacillin
该药品相关信息网址2:
http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/infections/medicines/100002910.html