英文药名：Sanpilo ophthalmic solution（Pilocarpine Hydrochloride）

中文药名：盐酸毛果芸香碱滴眼液

生产厂家：参天制药
类别名称
青光眼的眼药水
商標名
Sanpilo ophthalmic solution
一般名
ピロカルピン塩酸塩（Pilocarpine Hydrochloride）
化学名
(3S,4R)-3-Ethyl-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)-4,5-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one monohydrochloride
構造式

分子式
C11H16N2O2・HCl
分子量
244.72
性状
本产品为无色结晶或白色粉末，无臭，味微苦。
此产品是乙酸（100），以非常易溶，水和易溶于甲醇或乙醇（95），微溶于乙酸酐，并在乙醚中几乎不溶。
本品1.0g溶解于水10ml，液体的pH为3.5至4.5。
本产品是吸湿。
此产品将通过光来改变
药效药理
1. 作用机序
毛果芸香碱被立即转移到眼用眼药水，通过直接作用于副交感神经支配的瞳孔括约肌收缩它，瞳孔缩小。此外，睫状肌小梁加宽通过收缩，水外流被增强，眼内压降低。毛果芸香碱的这种效果是由副交感神经阻断剂（阿托品等）拮抗。
2.缩瞳作用
当毛果芸香碱以青光眼患者的你滴注，瞳孔缩小开始超过约8分钟后，瞳孔直径在1小时，4该状态下，持续几个小时）通常最小化。
此外，健康的成年人1滴，如果滴入1％毛果芸香碱盐酸盐（外国人），一般瞳孔缩小开始十多分钟后，至少30分钟后，6小时以上内瞳孔直径，直到你灌输返回前状态。
3.眼圧下降作用
当在青光眼患者滴入毛果芸香碱后眼内压在30分钟内显示轻微的短暂增加，它被降低，最低在三个小时之前和之后。眼压降低程度更大那些高眼压。另外，毛果芸香碱眼液后观察到4的房水外流率显著增加）。
毛果芸香碱，每天在健康人或青光眼患者（外国人），与眼药水几天中，眼内压力的降低，观察在各种情况下的四倍，在眼内压降低率的平均值21％是正常的眼睛（范围：8-38 ％），在青光眼眼（范围平均为24％：一12-40％），任何眼药水之前高眼压，眼压降低度较大。此外，在大多数情况下，增加了损耗和眼睛的房水外流率圧日的波动是毛果芸香碱眼液后观察。
适应病症
青光眼，瞳孔缩小用于诊断或治疗的目的
用法用量
1.慢性青光眼，0.5%～4%溶液一次1滴，一日1～4次。
2.急性闭角型青光眼急性发作期，l%～2%溶液一次1滴，每5～l0分钟滴眼1次，3～6次后每l～3小时滴眼1次，直至眼压下降（注意：对侧眼每6～8小时滴眼1次，以防对侧眼闭角型青光的发作）。
3.缩瞳：对抗散瞳作用，1%溶液滴眼1滴2～3次；先天性青光眼房角切开或外路小梁切开术前，1%溶液，一般滴眼1～2次；虹膜切除术前，2%溶液，一次1滴。
包装规格
５ｍＬ×10本

生产厂商
参天制药有限公司

Sanpilo ophthalmic solution（Pilocarpine hydrochloride）
Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 0.5%（サンピロ点眼液0.5%） 
Brand name : Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 0.5%
　Active ingredient: Pilocarpine hydrochloride
　Dosage form: limpid and colorless, ophthalmic solution, 5mL (bottle) clear and colorless (cap) very pale violet
　Print on wrapping:
Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 1%（サンピロ点眼液1%） 
Brand name : Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 1%
　Active ingredient: Pilocarpine hydrochloride
　Dosage form: limpid and colorless, ophthalmic solution, 5mL (bottle) clear and colorless (cap) pale violet
　Print on wrapping:
Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 2%（サンピロ点眼液2%）
  Brand name : Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 2%
　Active ingredient: Pilocarpine hydrochloride
　Dosage form: limpid and colorless, ophthalmic solution, 5mL (bottle) clear and colorless (cap) blight violet
　Print on wrapping:
Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 3%（サンピロ点眼液3%）
Brand name : Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 3%
　Active ingredient: Pilocarpine hydrochloride
　Dosage form: limpid and colorless, ophthalmic solution, 5mL (bottle) clear and colorless (cap) strong violet
　Print on wrapping:
Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 4%（サンピロ点眼液4%） 
Brand name : Sanpilo ophthalmic solution 4%
　Active ingredient: Pilocarpine hydrochloride
　Dosage form: limpid and colorless, ophthalmic solution, 5mL (bottle) clear and colorless (cap) vivid violet
　Print on wrapping: 
Effects of this medicine
This medicine acts on the muscle of parasympathetic innervation and contracts it in order to promote aqueous humor outflow to lower pressure in the eye, or in order to contract the pupil.
It is usually used to treat glaucoma, or to contract the pupil after the ophthalmic examination.
Before using this medicine, be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist
•If you have previously experienced any allergic reactions (itch, rash, etc.) to any medicines.
If you have: iritis, bronchial asthma, or risk of retinal detachment.
If you wear contact lenses.
•If you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
•If you are taking any other medicinal products. (Some medicines may interact to enhance or diminish medicinal effects. Beware of over-the-counter medicines and dietary supplements as well as other prescription medicines.)
Dosing schedule (How to take this medicine)
•Your dosing schedule prescribed by your doctor is <<to be written by a healthcare professional>>
•In general, apply 1 to 2 drops of 0.5 to 4% preparation at a time, 3 to 5 times a day. This medicine is 4% preparation. Strictly follow the instructions.
•Before applying, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and running water. Pull down your lower eyelid so that the dropper tip does not touch eye or eyelashes and apply the medicine. After applying, keep your eyes closed for 1 to 5 minutes pressing the inner corner of the eye lightly. Wipe off any excess liquid with a clean gauze or tissue. If you need to apply other eye drops at the same time, wait more than 5 minutes.
•If you miss a dose, apply the missed dose as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. You should not apply two doses at one time.
•If you accidentally apply more than your prescribed dose, consult with your doctor or pharmacist.
•Do not stop applying this medicine unless your doctor instructs you to do so.
Precautions while taking this medicine
•This medicine may cause darkening of vision, focus disorder in the dark, or blurred vision after applying. Do not operate dangerous machinery such as drive a car until these symptoms recover.
Possible adverse reactions to this medicine
The commonly reported adverse reactions include blepharitis (erosion of eyelids), cataract (focus disorder), itchy/stinging eyes, eye pain, blurred vision, darkening of vision, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, headache, sweating, and salivation. If any of these symptoms occur, consult with your doctor or pharmacist.
The symptoms described below are rarely seen as initial symptoms of the adverse reactions indicated in brackets. If any of these symptoms occur, stop taking this medicine and see your doctor immediately.
•foreign body sensation in eyes, eye pain, bloodshot eyes [ocular pemphigoid]
The above symptoms do not describe all the adverse reactions to this medicine. Consult with your doctor or pharmacist if you notice any symptoms of concern other than those listed above.
Storage conditions and other information
•Keep out of reach of children. Store away from direct sunlight and heat.
•Discard the remainder. Do not store them. Ask your pharmacy or medical institution how to discard.
Santen Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.External
Revised: 5/2015
The information on this sheet is based on approvals granted by the Japanese regulatory authority. Approval details may vary by country. Medicines have adverse reactions (risks) as well as efficacies (benefits). It is important to minimize adverse reactions and maximize efficacy. To obtain a better therapeutic response, patients should understand their medication and cooperate with the treatment.
http://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/pack/1312701Q1063_1_02/