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部份中文Ovidrel®处方资料（仅供参考）
Absorption Following subcutaneous administration of Ovidrel® 250 µg, maximum serum concentration (121 ± 44 IU/L) is reached after approximately 12 to 24 hours. The mean absolute bioavailability of Ovidrel® following a single subcutaneous injection to healthy female volunteers is about 40%. Distribution Following intravenous administration of Ovidrel® 250 µg to healthy down-regulated female volunteers, the serum profile of hCG is described by a two-compartment model with an initial half-life of 4.5 ± 0.5 hours. The volume of the central compartment is 3.0 ± 0.5 L and the steady state volume of distribution is 5.9 ± 1.0 L. Metabolism/Excretion Following subcutaneous administration of Ovidrel®, hCG is eliminated from the body with a mean terminal half-life of about 29 ± 6 hours. After intravenous administration of Ovidrel® 250 µg to healthy down-regulated females, the mean terminal half-life is 26.5 ± 2.5 hours and the total body clearance is 0.29 ± 0.04 L/h. One-tenth of the dose is excreted in the urine. Pharmacodynamics In female subjects on oral contraception after an initial latency period, Ovidrel® induced a clear increase in androstenedione serum levels by 24 hours after dosing. Pharmacodynamic studies in females determined that the relationship of Ovidrel® pharmacokinetics to pharmacologic effect of Ovidrel® are complex and vary with the pharmacodynamic marker examined. In general pharmacologic effects are not proportional to exposure and in some cases appear to be near maximal at a 250 µg dose. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics In patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization/embryo transfer given Ovidrel® subcutaneously to trigger ovulation, the results of a population PK/PD analysis generally supported the data obtained in healthy subjects. Pharmacokinetic parameters for Ovidrel® include a median elimination half-life of 29.2 hours, median apparent clearance (Cl/F) of 0.51 L/hr and median apparent volume of distribution (V/F) of 21.4 L. Bioequivalence of Formulations Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe (choriogonadotropin alfa injection) has been determined to be bioequivalent to Ovidrel® (choriogonadotropin alfa for injection) based on the statistical evaluation of AUC and Cmax. A summary of the Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe pharmacokinetic parameters is presented in Table 2. Table 2: Summary of Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe Pharmacokinetic Parameters Parameter Cmax (mIU/mL) AUClast (mIU∙h/mL) AUC (mIU∙h/mL) AUCextrapolated (%) tmax (h) Abbreviations are: Cmax: peak concentration (above baseline); tmax : time of Cmax Mean 125 10050 10350 2.85 20.0 (Min-Max) (68.0-294) (5646-14850) (5800-15100) (1.08-6.27) (9.00-48.0) Abbreviations are: Cmax: peak concentration (above baseline); tmax : time of Cmax Special populations Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency have not been established. Drug-Drug Interactions No drug-drug interaction studies have been conducted. Administration of Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe may interfere with the interpretation of pregnancy tests. (see PRECAUTIONS.) CLINICAL STUDIES The safety and efficacy of Ovidrel® have been examined in three well-controlled studies in women; two studies for assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and one study for ovulation induction (OI). Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) The safety and efficacy of Ovidrel® 250 µg and Ovidrel® 500 µg administered subcutaneously versus 10,000 USP Units of an approved urinary-derived hCG product administered intramuscularly were assessed in a randomized, open-label, multicenter study in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (Study 7927). The study was conducted in 20 U.S. centers. The primary efficacy parameter in this single-cycle study was the number of oocytes retrieved. 297 patients entered the study, of whom 94 were randomized to receive Ovidrel® 250 µg. The number of oocytes retrieved was similar for the Ovidrel® and urinary-derived hCG (10,000 USP Units) treatment groups. The efficacy of Ovidrel® 250 µg and Ovidrel® 500 µg were both found to be clinically and statistically equivalent to that of the approved urinary-derived hCG product and to each other. The efficacy results for the patients who received Ovidrel® 250 µg are summarized in Table 3. Table 3: Efficacy Outcomes of r-hCG in ART (Study 7927)
Clinical pregnancy was defined as a pregnancy during which a fetal sac (with or without heartbeat activity) was detected by ultrasound on day 35-42 after hCG administration) For the 33 patients who achieved a clinical pregnancy with Ovidrel® 250 µg, the outcomes of the pregnancies are presented in Table 4. Table 4: Pregnancy Outcomes of r-hCG in ART (Study 7927)
The primary efficacy parameter in this single-cycle study was the number of oocytes retrieved per patient. 205 patients entered the study, of whom 97 received Ovidrel® 250 µg. The efficacy of Ovidrel® 250 µg was found to be clinically and statistically equivalent to that of the approved urinary-derived hCG product. The results for the 97 patients who received Ovidrel® 250 µg are summarized in Table 5. Table 5: Efficacy Outcomes of r-hCG in ART (Study 7648)
Clinical pregnancy was defined as a pregnancy during which a fetal sac (with or without heartbeat activity) was detected by ultrasound on day 35-42 after hCG administration) For the 32 patients who achieved a clinical pregnancy with Ovidrel® 250 µg, the outcomes of the pregnancies are presented in Table 6. Table 6: Pregnancy Outcomes of r-hCG in ART (Study 7648)
The safety and efficacy of Ovidrel® 250 µg administered subcutaneously versus 5,000 IU of an approved urinary-derived hCG product administered intramuscularly were assessed in a double-blind, randomized, multicenter study in anovulatory infertile women (Study 8209) which was conducted in 19 centers in Australia, Canada, Europe and Israel. The primary efficacy parameter in this single-cycle study was the patient ovulation rate. 242 patients entered the study, of whom 99 received Ovidrel® 250 µg. The efficacy of Ovidrel® 250 µg was found to be clinically and statistically equivalent to that of the approved urinary-derived hCG product. The results of those patients who received Ovidrel® 250 µg are summarized in Table 7. Table 7: Efficacy Outcomes of r-hCG in OI (Study 8209)
For the 22 patients who had a clinical pregnancy with Ovidrel® 250 µg, the outcome of the pregnancy is presented in Table 8. Table 8: Pregnancy Outcomes of r-hCG in OI (Study 8209)
Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe (choriogonadotropin alfa injection) is indicated for the induction of final follicular maturation and early luteinization in infertile women who have undergone pituitary desensitization and who have been appropriately pretreated with follicle stimulating hormones as part of an Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) program such as in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe is also indicated for the induction of ovulation (OI) and pregnancy in anovulatory infertile patients in whom the cause of infertility is functional and not due to primary ovarian failure. Selection of Patients 1.Before treatment with gonadotropins is instituted, a thorough gynecologic and endocrinologic evaluation must be performed. This should include an assessment of pelvic anatomy. Patients with tubal obstruction should receive Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe only if enrolled in an in vitro fertilization program. 2.Primary ovarian failure should be excluded by the determination of gonadotropin levels. 3.Appropriate evaluation should be performed to exclude pregnancy. 4.Patients in later reproductive life have a greater predisposition to endometrial carcinoma as well as a higher incidence of anovulatory disorders. A thorough diagnostic evaluation should always be performed in patients who demonstrate abnormal uterine bleeding or other signs of endometrial abnormalities before starting FSH and Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe therapy. 5.Evaluation of the partner's fertility potential should be included in the initial evaluation. CONTRAINDICATIONS Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe (choriogonadotropin alfa injection) is contraindicated in women who exhibit: 1.Prior hypersensitivity to hCG preparations or one of their excipients. 2.Primary ovarian failure. 3.Uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction. 4.An uncontrolled organic intracranial lesion such as a pituitary tumor. 5.Abnormal uterine bleeding of undetermined origin (see "Selection of Patients"). 6.Ovarian cyst or enlargement of undetermined origin (see "Selection of Patients"). 7.Sex hormone dependent tumors of the reproductive tract and accessory organs. 8.Pregnancy. WARNINGS Gonadotropins, including Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe (choriogonado-tropin alfa injection), should only be used by physicians who are thoroughly familiar with infertility problems and their management. Like other hCG products, Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe is a potent gonadotropic substance capable of causing Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) in women with or without pulmonary or vascular complications. The risks of gonadoptropin treatment should be considered for women with risk factors of thromboembolic events such as prior medical or family history. Gonadotropin therapy requires a certain time commitment by physicians and supportive health professionals, and requires the availability of appropriate monitoring facilities (see "Precautions/ Laboratory Tests"). Safe and effective induction of ovulation and use of Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe in women requires monitoring of ovarian response with serum estradiol and transvaginal ultrasound on a regular basis. Overstimulation of the Ovary Following hCG Therapy Ovarian Enlargement Mild to moderate uncomplicated ovarian enlargement which may be accompanied by abdominal distention and/or abdominal pain may occur in patients treated with FSH and hCG, and generally regresses without treatment within two or three weeks. Careful monitoring of ovarian response can further minimize the risk of overstimulation. If the ovaries are abnormally enlarged on the last day of FSH therapy, choriogonadotropin alfa should not be administered in this course of therapy. This will reduce the risk of development of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) OHSS is a medical event distinct from uncomplicated ovarian enlargement. Severe OHSS may progress rapidly (within 24 hours to several days) to become a serious medical event. It is characterized by an apparent dramatic increase in vascular permeability which can result in a rapid accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, thorax, and potentially, the pericardium. The early warning signs of development of OHSS are severe pelvic pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight gain. The following symptomatology has been seen with cases of OHSS: abdominal pain, abdominal distension, gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, severe ovarian enlargement, weight gain, dyspnea, and oliguria. Clinical evaluation may reveal hypovolemia, hemoconcentration, electrolyte imbalances, ascites, hemoperitoneum, pleural effusions, hydrothorax, acute pulmonary distress, and thromboembolic events (see "Pulmonary and Vascular Complications"). Transient liver function test abnormalities suggestive of hepatic dysfunction, which may be accompanied by morphologic changes on liver biopsy, have been reported in association with Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS). OHSS occurred in 4 of 236 (1.7 %) patients treated with Ovidrel® 250 µg during clinical trials for ART and 3 of 99 (3.0%) patients treated in the OI trial. OHSS occurred in 8 of 89 (9.0%) patients who received Ovidrel® 500 µg. Two patients treated with Ovidrel® 500 µg developed severe OHSS. OHSS may be more severe and more protracted if pregnancy occurs. OHSS develops rapidly; therefore, patients should be followed for at least two weeks after hCG administration. Most often, OHSS occurs after treatment has been discontinued and reaches its maximum at about seven to ten days following treatment. Usually, OHSS resolves spontaneously with the onset of menses. If there is evidence that OHSS may be developing prior to hCG administration (see "Precautions/Laboratory Tests"), the hCG must be withheld. If severe OHSS occurs, treatment with gonadotropins must be stopped and the patient should be hospitalized. A physician experienced in the management of this syndrome, or who is experienced in the management of fluid and electrolyte imbalances should be consulted. Multiple Births As with other hCG products, reports of multiple births have been associated with Ovidrel® treatment. In ART, the risk of multiple births correlates to the number of embryos transferred. Multiple births occurred in 17 of 55 live deliveries (30.9 %) experienced by women receiving Ovidrel® 250 µg in the ART studies. In the ovulation induction clinical trial, 2 of 15 live deliveries (13.3%) were associated with multiple births in women receiving Ovidrel®. The patient should be advised of the potential risk of multiple births before starting treatment. Pulmonary and Vascular Complications As with other hCG products, a potential for the occurrence of arterial thromboembolism exists. PRECAUTIONS General Careful attention should be given to the diagnosis of infertility in candidates for hCG therapy. (see "Indications and Usage/ Selection of Patients"). After the exclusion of pre-existing conditions, elevations in ALT were found in 10 (3%) of 335 patients receiving Ovidrel® 250 µg, 9 (10%) of 89 patients receiving Ovidrel® 500 µg and in 16 (4.8%) of 328 patients receiving urinary-derived hCG. The elevations ranged up to 1.2 times the upper limit of normal. The clinical significance of these findings is not known. Information for Patients Prior to therapy with hCG, patients should be informed of the duration of treatment and monitoring of their condition that will be required. The risks of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple births in women (see WARNINGS) and other possible adverse reactions (see "Adverse Reactions") should also be discussed. Laboratory Tests In most instances, treatment of women with FSH results only in follicular recruitment and development. In the absence of an endogenous LH surge, hCG is given when monitoring of the patient indicates that sufficient follicular development has occurred. This may be estimated by ultrasound alone or in combination with measurement of serum estradiol levels. The combination of both ultrasound and serum estradiol measurement are useful for monitoring the development of follicles, for timing of the ovulatory trigger, as well as for detecting ovarian enlargement and minimizing the risk of the Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome and multiple gestation. It is recommended that the number of growing follicles be confirmed using ultrasonography because serum estrogens do not give an indication of the size or number of follicles. Human chorionic gonadotropins can crossreact in the radioimmunoassay of gonadotropins, especially luteinizing hormone. Each individual laboratory should establish the degree of crossreactivity with their gonadotropin assay. Physicians should make the laboratory aware of patients on hCG if gonadotropin levels are requested. The clinical confirmation of ovulation, with the exception of pregnancy, is obtained by direct and indirect indices of progesterone production. The indices most generally used are as follows: 1.A rise in basal body temperature 2.Increase in serum progesterone and 3.Menstruation following a shift in basal body temperature When used in conjunction with the indices of progesterone production, sonographic visualization of the ovaries will assist in determining if ovulation has occurred. Sonographic evidence of ovulation may include the following: 1.Fluid in the cul-de-sac 2.Ovarian stigmata 3.Collapsed follicle 4.Secretory endometrium Accurate interpretation of the indices of ovulation require a physician who is experienced in the interpretation of these tests. Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Long-term studies to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of Ovidrel® in animals have not been performed. In vitro genotoxicity testing of Ovidrel® in bacteria and mammalian cell lines, chromosome aberration assay in human lymphocytes and in-vivo mouse micronucleus have shown no indication of genetic defects. Pregnancy Pregnancy Category X Intrauterine death and impaired parturition were observed in pregnant rats given a dose of urinary-hCG (500 IU) equivalent to three times the maximum human dose of 10,000 USP, based on body surface area. Nursing Mothers It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised if hCG is administered to a nursing woman. Pediatric Patients Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients has not been established. Geriatric Patients Safety and effectiveness in geriatric patients has not been established. ADVERSE REACTIONS (see WARNINGS) The safety of Ovidrel® was examined in four clinical studies that treated 752 patients of whom 335 received Ovidrel® 250 µg following follicular recruitment with gonadotropins. When patients enrolled in four clinical studies (3 in ART and one in OI) were injected subcutaneously with either Ovidrel® or an approved urinary-derived hCG, 14.6 % (49 of 335 patients) in the Ovidrel® 250 µg group experienced application site disorders compared to 28% (92 of 328 patients) in the approved u-hCG group. Adverse events reported for Ovidrel® 250 µg occurring in at least 2% of patients (regardless of causality) are listed in Table 9 for the 3 ART studies and in Table 10 for the single OI study. Table 9: Incidence of Adverse Events of r-hCG in ART (Studies 7648, 7927, 9073)
Table 10: Incidence of Adverse Events of r-hCG in Ovulation Induction (Study 8209)
The following medical events have been reported subsequent to pregnancies resulting from hCG therapy in controlled clinical studies: 1.Spontaneous Abortion 2.Ectopic Pregnancy 3.Premature Labor 4.Postpartum Fever 5.Congenital Abnormalities Of 125 clinical pregnancies reported following treatment with FSH and Ovidrel® 250 µg or 500 µg, three were associated with a congenital anomaly of the fetus or newborn. Among patients receiving Ovidrel® 250 µg, cranial malformation was detected in the fetus of one woman and a chromosomal abnormality (47, XXX) in another. These events were judged by the investigators to be of unlikely or unknown relation to treatment. These three events represent an incidence of major congenital malformations of 2.4%, which is consistent with the reported rate for pregnancies resulting from natural or assisted conception. In a woman who received Ovidrel® 500 µg, one birth in a set of triplets was associated with Down's syndrome and atrial septal defect. This event was considered to be unrelated to the study drug. The following adverse reactions have been previously reported during menotropin therapy: 1.Pulmonary and vascular complications (see "Warnings") 2.Adnexal torsion (as a complication of ovarian enlargement) 3.Mild to moderate ovarian enlargement 4.Hemoperitoneum There have been infrequent reports of ovarian neoplasms, both benign and malignant, in women who have undergone multiple drug regimens for ovulation induction; however, a causal relationship has not been established. Post-Marketing Experience In addition to adverse events reported from clinical trials, the following events have been reported during post-marketing use of Ovidrel®. Therefore, these events were reported from a population of uncertain size, the frequency or causal relationship to Ovidrel® cannot be reliably determined. Cases of allergic reactions, including anaphylactic reactions and mild reversible skin rashes have been reported in patients treated with Ovidrel® since market introduction. The causal relationship is unknown. Thromboembolic events both in association with, and separate from, the Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (see "WARNINGS") DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION For Subcutaneous Use Only Infertile Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe 250 µg should be administered one day following the last dose of the follicle stimulating agent. Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe should not be administered until adequate follicular development is indicated by serum estradiol and vaginal ultrasonography. Administration should be withheld in situations where there is an excessive ovarian response, as evidenced by clinically significant ovarian enlargement or excessive estradiol production. Infertile Women Undergoing Ovulation Induction (OI) Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe should not be administered until adequate follicular development is indicated by serum estradiol and vaginal ultrasonography. Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe 250 µg should be administered one day following the last dose of the follicle stimulating agent. Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe administration should be withheld in situations where there is an excessive ovarian response, as evidenced by multiple follicular development, clinically significant ovarian enlargement or excessive estradiol production. Directions for Administration of Ovidrel® Prefilled Syringe Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe is intended for a single subcutaneous injection. Any unused material should be discarded. Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe may be self-administered by the patient. Follow the directions below for injecting Ovidrel® PreFilled Syringe. Step 1: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. Step 2: Carefully clean the injection site. Make yourself comfortable by sitting or lying down. Carefully clean the injection site on the stomach with an alcohol wipe and allow it to air-dry. Step 3: Administer your injection. Carefully remove the needle cap from the syringe. Do not touch the needle or allow the needle to touch any surface. Inject the prescribed dose as directed by your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.
Step 4: Gently withdraw the needle.
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