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马法兰片|Alkeran (Melphalan)

2010-07-07 09:12:46  作者:新特药房  来源:中国新特药天津分站  浏览次数:3681  文字大小:【】【】【
简介:【药品名称】 马法兰 【通用名称】 马法兰(爱克兰、美法仑) 【生产企业】 葛兰素威康公司(GlaxoSmithKline) 【产品规格】 2mg*25片 【产品单位】 瓶 【零售价格】 280.00元 马 ...
【药品名称】 马法兰
【通用名称】 马法兰(爱克兰、美法仑)
【生产企业】 葛兰素威康公司(GlaxoSmithKline)
【产品规格】 2mg*25片
【产品单位】 瓶
【零售价格】 280.00元

马法兰(爱克兰、美法仑)
药品介绍:
马法兰(爱克兰、美法仑、Melphalan、Alkeran)
通用名:左旋苯丙氨酸氮芥、米尔法兰、马尔法兰、左旋溶肉瘤素

英文名: Melphalan,L-Sarcolysine, Alkeran,L-PAM ,CB3025。

生产厂家:葛兰素威康公司(GlaxoSmithKline)

[化 学 名]

  L-3{对[双(2-氯乙基)胺基]苯基}丙氨酸。

[分 子 式]

  C13H18O2N2Cl2。

[性 状]

本品为白色至浅黄色粉末,难溶于水,对光、热及在潮湿情况下不稳定。

[药理作用]

  本品为左旋体苯丙按酸氮芥,其抗癌效应按PAM为强,其作用机制与HN2相同,亦为细胞周期非特异性药物。

[体内过程]
  口服吸收充分,服药后2小时血浆达到最高逍度,在血浆中保持活性大约6小时,服药24小时内50%的药物经尿排泄,其中13%为原形,代谢产物为一羟衍生物及二羟衍生物。

[临床应用]
片剂:
  (1)对多发性骨髓瘤疗效显著,为其首选药物。
  (2)对恶性淋巴瘤、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、精原细胞瘤、慢性白血病、真性红细胞增多症、儿童晚期神经母细胞瘤、甲状腺癌有较好疗效。
  (3)动脉灌注对恶性黑色素瘤、软组织肉瘤和骨肉瘤有一定疗效。
针剂:注射剂:多发性骨髓瘤,卵巢癌,真性红血球过多症,局部恶性黑色素瘤,及软组织肉瘤。
[用法用量]

  口服:每日0.05~0.25mg/kg(2~10mg/m2),分次服用,共4~7日,本品与强的松合用,可能比单用更有效,联合用药通常间歇地进行,对治疗有效者延长疗程超过一年不会改变疗效。若无明显骨髓毒性,在4~6周内重复给药。
多发性骨髓瘤:本药与强的松併用较单独使用本药有效。典型的□服投药為0.15 mg∕公斤∕天,分次给药,持续4天,间隔6星期后重覆给药。
卵巢腺癌:典型治疗计划為□服0.2 mg∕公斤∕天,為期5天。每4-8星期或一旦骨髓恢復后立即重覆给药。本药亦曾以静脉注射来治疗卵巢癌。
恶性黑色素瘤:本药局部灌注曾被用為早期恶性黑色素瘤手术之辅助治疗,以及作為晚期但局部疾病之姑息治疗。
软组织肉瘤:本药局部灌注曾被用来治疗各阶段之软组织肉瘤,通常配合外科手术治疗。真性红血球过多症:缓解诱导之使用剂量為每天6-10mg,為期5-7天,以后每天投予2-4 mg,直到达成令人满意之疾病控制。维持治疗剂量為每週2-6 mg。维持治疗期间应仔细监测血液变化,应经常以血球计数结果调整剂量。
肾障碍之用量:中度至严重肾障碍病患,其静脉製剂之初期剂量应减少50%,依血液反应决定后续剂量。

[不良反应]

(1)骨髓抑制:为剂量限制性毒性,主要表现为白细胞、血小板减少及贫血,白细胞减少可在首次用药后的第2周至第3周出现;有时老年患者骨髓抑制可延续5~6周。

(2)胃肠道反应:大剂量一次用药可出现恶心、呕吐,小剂量持续给药则不明显。

(3)长期持续给药,偶可引起白血病、脱皮、皮炎、口炎及肺纤维化。

[禁 忌 证]

(1)孕妇、哺乳妇禁用。
(2)近期内用过化疗或放疗而白细胞减少者不宜使用。
(3)肾功能不良者慎用。

[注意事项]

(1)每次用药前须检查血像,嗜中性白细胞低于2×109/L时应停药。

(2)应根据骨髓抑制程度调整剂量。

[病患教育] 对此药过敏,请不要服用此药品;避免饮酒;避免服用Aspirin(Tapal)或感冒药,需告知医师;接受疫苗注射前,需告知医师;容易感染,需避免到公共场所及预防感冒等;不要哺乳、怀孕,接受此药后可能会造成不孕;易有口腔发炎、疮及刺刺的感觉,口腔清洁需撤底。若要预防恶心,呕吐,可请医师开立止吐药处方,医师可以会为病人抽血检查血象。
[制剂规格]
片剂:2mg/片
冻干粉针剂:50mg/支
[贮 藏]
避光、阴凉、干燥处保存。

我院荐有部份现货,购买时请以电话咨询价格为准!

Alkeran(Melphalan)

Alkeran Information

 

Alkeran belongs to the class of medicines used for treating cancer called antineoplastic. It lowers the growth and spread of the cancer cells in the body.

Alkeran Indications

This product is used to treat cancer of the ovary, Breast Cancer and myeloma, a type of blood cancer. It can also be used as medication in some illness other than those mentioned before.

Alkeran Warnings

Alkeran belongs to the FDA category D that is known to cause defects to those unborn baby. Consult your doctor first before taking this medicine because it is not advisable to patients who are pregnant or is planning a pregnancy. Also, it is not good to take Alkeran when you are breast feeding a baby.

Consult your doctor first before taking Alkeran if you have the following:

  • Kidney disease
  • Bone marrow problems

Alkeran can lower your immune system making you prone to infections so avoid contact with people who have colds, flu, and other contagious diseases during treatment with Alkeran.

Alkeran Intake Guidelines

You should take Alkeran exactly the same procedure or direction the doctor has prescribed. Ask your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist to explain them to you in case you do not understand the instructions. It is advised to take each oral dose with a large glass of water. Only qualified healthcare providers which is experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents has the supervision to administer or to give injectable Alkeran. To monitor side effects and progress, your doctor might require you to have regular schedule of blood tests and other medical evaluations during the time of treatment with Alkeran.

Alkeran Dosage

The amount and frequency of treatment with Alkeran will be given by your doctor depending on the kind of cancer or disease to be treated and other factors.

Alkeran Overdose

If you overdose Alkeran, the symptoms is similar with its side effects only, sometimes it is more severe. If you have suspected any symptoms of overdose from this product, look for emergency medical attention or contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Alkeran Missed Dose

You should contact your doctor in any cases of missed dose.

Alkeran Side Effects

You must contact your doctor or have an emergency medical treatment in case you experience the following serious side effects:

  • Allergic reactions like shortness of breathing, closing of throat, difficulty in breathing, swelling of lips, or hives.
  • Problems in the blood and decreasing function of the bone marrow.
  • Redness or irritation in the blood vessels or veins.
  • Loss of weight, vomiting or severe nausea.
  • Persistent cough
  • Lumps or masses that are unusual

Consult your doctor if you experience the following less serious side effects:

  • Temporary loss of hair
  • Rash and itching
  • In women, lack of menstruation
  • Diarrhea, mild to moderate nausea, or vomiting
  • Mouth sores

Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of the medication because there are some reported cases that second cancers occur during and following the treatment with Alkeran. There are some side effects which were not mentioned so if there are any unusual or bothersome things that occur in you, tell your doctor about it.

Alkeran Drug Reactions

Inform your doctor first before taking Alkeran if you are using the following medicines:

  • cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune)
  • cisplatin( Playinol, Platinol-AQ)
  • Carmustine (BiCNU, Gliadel)
  • Nalidixic acid (Neggram)
  • Another chemotherap ymedicine

In case that you are taking the medicines listed above, you might need some dosage adjustment or special monitoring during your treatment with Alkeran. It is dangerous to take ‘live’ vaccines during the treatment with Alkeran. Before taking other prescription or over-the-counter medicines like minerals, vitamins, and herbal products during the treatment of Alkeran, ask your doctor or pharmacist first because there are some other drugs which are not listed above that could affect Alkeran.

  序号       药品名称     通用名称      规格    单位      零售价(元)               生产企业
  7895  马法兰(爱克兰、美法仑)  马法兰    2mg*25片   瓶             葛兰素威康公司(GlaxoSmithKline)

*アルケラン錠2mg

薬効分類名

抗多発性骨髄腫剤

販売名
*アルケラン錠2mg
商標名
Alkeran Tablets2mg
一般名
メルファラン(Melphalan)

包装

*アルケラン錠2mg:25錠 瓶
m)
製造販売元(輸入)
グラクソ・スミスクライン株式会社

责任编辑:admin


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