部份中文二氮嗪处方资料（仅供参考） 药品名：二氮嗪 商品名：Allo-Gris Shem capsule 英文名：Dtazoxide 别名：降压嗪，氯甲苯噻嗪，HYPER-STAT 治疗类别名称 胰岛素低血糖治疗药物 作用与用途： 能松弛血管平滑肌，降低周围血管阻力，使血压急剧下降。一次快速静注本品300mg，可在5分钟内出现降压高峰，使血压降至正常水平，并可维持2—18小时或更长一些。在降压的同时，并不降低心输出量，故脑、肾、冠脉的血流量不变。适用于高血压危象的急救。 还能抑制胰脏β细胞分泌胰岛素，可用作升血糖药；用于幼儿特发性低血糖症、由于胰岛细胞瘤引起的严重低血糖。 用法与用量 日总量不超过1200mg。儿童剂量；5mg／kg。 注意事项 1．可引起水钠潴留，多次重复使用可能引起水肿、充血性心力衰竭，过量可引起低血压症甚至导致休克，均应及时予以处理。 2．对糖尿病患者或多次注射本品的患者，为防止血糖上升，可用胰岛素或口服降血糖药以控制血糖。 3．用药后可能出现一时性脑或心肌缺血、发热感、头痛、恶心、失眠、便秘、腹部不适感、听觉异常、静脉灼痛感等。 4．充血性心力衰竭、糖尿病、肾功能不全的重型高血压患者及乳妇忌用。 5．本品不宜与其他药物及输液配伍。 Therapeutic category name Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia therapeutic agents Brand Name Allo-Gris Shem capsule 25mg composition Active ingredient Diazoxide Content in one capsule: 25 mg Additive Lactose hydrate, magnesium stearate Contraindication Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to components or thiazide diuretics of this drug Efficacy or effect Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia This drug, in reference to the diagnosis and treatment guidelines, etc. of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, be administered only if the definitive diagnosis and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia has been carried out. Effectiveness on the central nervous symptoms caused by severe low blood sugar is not permitted. Young children and adults over 1 year old Usually, it is divided into two or three times a day 3~8mg/kg as diazoxide, orally administered every 8 or 12 hours. However, at the start of administration are divided doses to a few times a day 3~5mg /kg. Infants under one year of age Usually, it is divided into two or three times a day 8~15mg/kg as diazoxide, orally administered every 8 or 12 hours. However, at the start of administration are divided doses to a few times a day 5~10mg /kg. It should be noted that, in any case, will be appropriately increased or decreased depending on the blood glucose level, the maximum daily dose is up to 20mg / kg. It is at the start of treatment with this drug clinically carefully observe the patient, until after the start of the administration is the condition of the patient is stable enough, carefully monitoring to be the clinical symptoms and blood glucose level. Is usually the blood sugar level is stable in a few days after the start of administration. Dose of the agent, the severity of low blood sugar condition of the patient, based on the blood glucose level and clinical symptoms, so that the effect is observed at the lowest dose, to be adjusted individually. In infants, be especially careful to administration of precise dosages. In renal failure patients, since the plasma half-life of this drug is likely to extend, taking into account the loss of dose. ( "Careful Administration", see the section "Important Precautions") If the effect is not observed also continued to 2-3 weeks of treatment is to stop the administration. Hypoglycemia is improved by treatment with this drug, if you then do not allow a relapse, there is a possibility of transient hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, taking into account the discontinuation of treatment with this drug. Careful administration Heart reserve is sometimes appears the patient [congestive heart failure has declined] There is a possibility that the symptoms may be exacerbated by the rise of hyperuricemia, gout or certain patients [in the blood uric acid value of its history] Patient [side effects with renal failure and there is a strong fear appear] ( "Precautions of Dosage and Administration", "Important Precautions", see the section of [pharmacokinetics]) Clinically significant adverse reactions Severe fluid retention, congestive heart failure (incidence unknown) Note Severe sodium retention, because it may fluid retention and congestive heart failure may occur. Patients should be carefully observed, for example, if any abnormalities are observed, discontinue administration, administration of a diuretic agent, perform the appropriate action about. Ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar coma (incidence unknown) Note 2) Because it may ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma may occur. Patients should be carefully monitored, and if any abnormalities are observed, such as discontinuation of administration and take appropriate action. In addition, high blood sugar, that to lose weight if the abnormality of the urine sugar and the like was observed. Acute pancreatitis, pancreatic necrosis (frequency unknown) Note 2) Acute pancreatitis, because it may pancreatic necrosis may occur, patients should be closely monitored, in the case of abdominal pain, elevation, etc. of serum amylase values are observed, administration should be discontinued and appropriate treatment. Pharmacology Hyperglycemic action 7, 8) Diazoxide showed an increase in blood sugar action by oral or intravenous administration in rats or dogs (in vivo). Mechanism of action Diazoxide inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion from mouse pancreatic islet cells and isolated rat pancreas specimens (in vitro). Further, it reduced the blood insulin level by intravenous administration in rats and dogs (in vivo). Diazoxide was thought to inhibit insulin secretion by activating the cell membrane ATP-sensitive K + channels in pancreatic islet cells. Diazoxide shows the blood pressure lowering effect that is considered to be based on the relaxation effect of vascular smooth muscle by intravenous administration in rats or dogs, to induce the release of catecholamines from the adrenal glands (in vivo). Inferred from these results, an increase in blood sugar effect of diazoxide is mainly thought to be based on insulin secretion inhibitory action from the pancreatic islet β cells, blood sugar rising action of catecholamines (liver glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, etc.) to contribute some It has been. Physicochemical knowledge of active ingredient Generic name Diazoxide (JAN) Diazoxide (JAN) Chemical name 7-Chloro-3-methyl-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide Molecular formula C8H7ClN2O2S Molecular weight 230.67 Behavior It is a white crystalline powder. Very soluble in an alkaline solution, N, freely soluble in N- dimethyl formamide, and practically insoluble in water. ----------------------------------------------- 产地国家：日本 原产地英文商品名: Allo-Gris Shem (アログリセムカプセル)25mg/capsules 100capsules/box 原产地英文药品名: Diazoxide 中文参考商品译名: Diazoxide(アログリセムカプセル)25毫克/胶囊 100胶囊/盒 中文参考药品译名: 二氮嗪 生产厂家中文参考译名: 先灵葆雅 生产厂家英文名: Schering-Plough