中文名称：世福素 Cefspan

【分类】抗生素/β-内酰胺类/头孢菌素类

【别名】氨噻肟烯头孢菌素，世福素、头孢克肟

【外文名】Cefspan，Cefixime

【药理及应用】本品为广谱第三代口服头孢菌素，对G 的链球菌属、肺炎球菌和G-的淋球菌、变形杆菌属、流感嗜血杆菌具有杀灭作用；并比其他口服头孢菌素作用强，耐酶。对金黄色葡萄球菌、粪链球菌、绿脓杆菌无效。对多数肠杆菌属细菌作用强.用于敏感菌引起的呼吸道感染、尿路感染、耳鼻喉科感染、急性胆道感染和胆囊炎、腥红热、淋菌性尿道炎等。

【用法用量】剂量，成人口服，100mg～200mg/次，2次/日。儿童每日5mg～8mg/kg，分1～2次服用。

【副作用】不良反应，①偶有呕吐、腹泻及食欲不振等。②少数患者有皮疹、瘙痒、发热等过敏反应。③有粒细胞减少、嗜酸粒细胞增多，肝、肾功能异常等不良反应。

【注意事项】1.对青霉素或头孢菌素过敏者、严重肾功能障碍的患者、不能很好进食或非经口摄取营养者、高龄者、恶液质患者、孕妇及新生儿慎用。2.罕见休克及维生素K缺乏症.3.孕妇、小儿忌用。

【规格】胶囊50mg或100mg。

【生产厂家】安斯泰来
 

Cefspan - General Information:
Cefspan, an antibiotic, is a third-generation cephalosporin like ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Cefspan is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalosporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to cefixime. The antibacterial effect of cefixime results from inhibition of mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall.

Pharmacology:
Cefspan, an antibiotic, is a third-generation cephalosporin like ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Cefspan is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalosporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to cefixime. The antibacterial effect of cefixime results from inhibition of mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall.

Cefspan for patients
Cefixime is a cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. Take at regular intervals and complete the entire course of therapy. Do not take this medication if you are allergic to any type of penicillin or cephalosporin. Notify your physician if you are pregnant or nursing. This antibiotic may decrease the effectiveness of birth control pills; use another form of birth control while taking this medication. Shake the suspension well before each use and store it in the refrigerator. May cause nausea, vomiting or diarrhea; notify your physician if these occur. Take with food or milk to avoid stomach upset. Cefixime may cause a false-positive reaction for nonspecific urine glucose tests in patients with diabetes. This medication does not interfere with enzyme-based urine glucose tests.

Cefspan Interactions
Carbamazepine: Elevated carbamazepine levels have been reported in postmarketing experience when SUPRAX is administered concomitantly. Drug monitoring may be of assistance in detecting alterations in carbamazepine plasma concentrations.

Warfarin and Anticoagulants: Increased prothrombin time, with or without clinical bleeding, has been reported when cefixime is administered concomitantly.

Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions

A false-positive reaction for ketones in the urine may occur with tests using nitroprusside but not with those using nitroferricyanide.

The administration of SUPRAX may result in a false-positive reaction for glucose in the urine using ClinitestÒ**, Benedictís solution, or Fehlingís solution. It is recommended that glucose tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase reactions (such as Clinistix®** or Tes-TapeÒ**) be used. A false-positive direct Coombs test has been reported during treatment with other cephalosporin antibiotics; therefore, it should be recognized that a positive Coombs test may be due to the drug.

Cefspan Contraindications
SUPRAXÒ is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to the cephalosporin group of antibiotics.

Additional information about Cefspan
Cefspan Indication: For use in the treatment of the following infections when caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms: (1) uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, (2) otitis media caused by Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive and negative strains), Moraxella catarrhalis (most of which are beta-lactamase positive), and S. pyogenes, (3) pharyngitis and tonsillitis caused by S. pyogenes, (4) acute bronchitis and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive and negative strains), and (5) uncomplicated gonorrhea (cervical/urethral) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
Mechanism Of Action: Like all beta-lactam antibiotics, cefixime binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, causing the inhibition of the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cefixime interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Drug Interactions: Probenecid Probenecid increases the antibiotic's level
Food Interactions: Preferably on an empty stomach, rate of absorption is decreased but extenet of absorption remains the same: not really problematic.
Generic Name: Cefixime
Synonyms: Cefixima [Spanish]; Cefixime Anhydrous; Cefiximum [Latin]; Cefixim
Drug Category: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephalosporins
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Cefixime: CFIX; Cefixoral; Cefspan; Cephoral; Oroken; Suprax; Unixime;
Absorption: About 40%-50% absorbed orally whether administered with or without food, however, time to maximal absorption is increased approximately 0.8 hours when administered with food.
Toxicity (Overdose): Symptoms of overdose include blood in the urine, diarrhea, nausea, upper abdominal pain, and vomiting.
Protein Binding: 65% (concentration independent)
Biotransformation: Hepatic. Approximately 50% of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine in 24 hours.
Half Life: 3-4 hours (may range up to 9 hours). In severe renal impairment (5 to 20 mL/min creatinine clearance), the half-life increased to an average of 11.5 hours.
Dosage Forms of Cefspan: Tablet Oral
Powder, for suspension Oral
Chemical IUPAC Name: (6R,7R)-7-[[2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(carboxymethyloxyimino)acetyl]amino]-3-ethenyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Chemical Formula: C16H15N5O7S2
Organisms Affected: Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria