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氯甲西泮片(LORMETAZEPAM）

2011-05-14 11:13:58 作者：新特药房来源：中国新特药网天津分站浏览次数：904 文字大小：【大】【中】【小】

简介： 【中文品名】氯甲西泮【药效类别】催眠镇静药>地西泮类【通用药名】LORMETAZEPAM【别　　名】COM-998, Evamyl, Loramet, Minias, Noctamid, Noctamide, Nocton, Pronoctan, Wy-4082, ZK-65997【化学名称 ...

关键字：氯甲西泮片(LORMETAZEPAM）

【中文品名】氯甲西泮
【药效类别】催眠镇静药>地西泮类
【通用药名】LORMETAZEPAM
【别　　名】COM-998, Evamyl, Loramet, Minias, Noctamid, Noctamide, Nocton, Pronoctan, Wy-4082, ZK-65997
【化学名称】 2H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-
【CA登记号】[848-75-9]
【结构式】

【分子式】C16H21Cl2N2O2
【分子量】335.18
【收录药典】
【开发单位】Wyeth-Ayerst
【首次上市】1980年，德国
【性　　状】
【用　　途】
苯并二氮卓类催眠药，并有相似于地西泮的抗焦虑特性。

How does it work?

Lormetazepam is a type of medicine called a benzodiazepine. Benzodiazepines are used for their sedative, anxiety-relieving and muscle-relaxing effects.

Lormetazepam works by acting on receptors in the brain called GABA receptors. This causes the release of a neurotransmitter called GABA in the brain.

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that are stored in nerve cells in the brain and nervous system. They are involved in transmitting messages between the nerve cells. GABA is a neurotransmitter that acts as a natural 'nerve-calming' agent. It helps keep the nerve activity in the brain in balance, and is involved in inducing sleepiness, reducing anxiety and relaxing muscles.

As lormetazepam increases the activity of GABA in the brain, it increases its calming effect and results in sleepiness, a decrease in anxiety and relaxation of muscles.

Lormetazepam is used for the short-term treatment of severe insomnia. It decreases the time taken to fall asleep and nocturnal awakenings, as well as increasing the total amount of time spent sleeping. However, it is only suitable for short-term treatment of insomnia as it has a high potential for dependence and addiction.

The medicine should be taken shortly before going to bed for the night. You should make sure that you will be able to have an uninterrupted sleep of seven to eight hours.

What is it used for?

Short-term (two to four weeks only) treatment of severe insomnia that is disabling or subjecting the individual to extreme distress.

Warning!

This medicine causes drowsiness and muscle weakness and impairs concentration and alertness. These effects may continue into the following day and are made worse by drinking alcohol. If you are affected you should avoid potentially hazardous tasks such as driving or operating machinary. Avoid alcohol.
You should only take this medicine before going to bed at night. If you forget to take it at bedtime don’t take it at any other time, or you will end up feeling drowsy, dizzy and confused during the day.
This medicine is generally only suitable for short-term use. If it is used for long periods or in high doses, tolerance to and dependence upon the medicine may develop, and withdrawal symptoms such as headaches, muscle pain, rebound insomnia, anxiety, restlessness, confusion, sweating, irritability or convulsions may then occur if treatment is stopped suddenly. Your body may also become tolerant to the medicine, with higher doses needed to achieve the same effect. For this reason, you should not exceed the dose of this medicine prescribed by your doctor, or take it for longer than recommended. If you are still having trouble sleeping after this time you should consult your doctor for further advice.
Treatment with this medicine should usually be stopped gradually, following the instructions given by your doctor. This is to avoid withdrawal symptoms and a return in your sleeping problems.

Use with caution in

Elderly people.
Weak or debilitated people.
Decreased kidney function.
Decreased liver function.
Disease affecting the airways or lungs (respiratory disease).
History of alcoholism or drug abuse.
Personality disorders.
Depression.
It is important to tell your doctor if you have recently suffered a loss or bereavement, for example the death of a close friend or relative, before taking this medicine. Benzodiazepines such as this one can affect the way you adjust psychologically to events like this.

Not to be used in

Children.
Allergy to benzodiazepines.
A sudden worsening of any underlying lung disease (acute respiratory insufficiency).
Slow, shallow breathing (respiratory depression).
Syndrome involving short spells when breathing stops during sleep (sleep apnoea syndrome).
Severely decreased liver function.
Long-term psychotic illness.
Phobias or obsessional states.
Abnormal muscle weakness (myasthenia gravis).
Breastfeeding.

This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy.

If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.

This medicine may be harmful to a developing baby and it should be avoided during pregnancy unless considered essential by your doctor. This is particularly important during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy and before or during labour. Regular use during pregnancy should especially be avoided, as the baby could become dependent on the medicine and then suffer withdrawal symptoms after the birth. If this medicine is used in late pregnancy or during labour it may cause floppiness, low body temperature and breathing or feeding difficulties in the baby after birth. Ask your doctor for further information.
This medicine may pass into breast milk. It should not be used by breastfeeding mothers as it may be harmful to the nursing infant. Seek medical advice from your doctor.

Label warnings

This medication causes drowsiness which may continue the next day. If affected do not drive or operate machinery. Avoid alcoholic drink.

Side effects

Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Just because a side effect is stated here does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.

Drowsiness.
Drowsiness and lightheadedness the next day.
Confusion.
Visual disturbances such as blurred vision or double vision.
Shaky movements and unsteady walk (ataxia).
Loss of memory (amnesia).
Muscle weakness.
Dizziness.
Headache.
Numbed emotions.
Skin rashes.
Disturbances of the gut such as diarrhoea, constipation, nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain.
Difficulty in passing urine (urinary retention).
Changes in sex drive.
Low blood pressure (hypotension).
Blood disorders.
Jaundice.
Unexpected aggression, restlessness or irritability (tell your doctor if you experience this).
Nightmares or hallucinations (tell your doctor if you experience this).

The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the medicine's manufacturer.

For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.

How can this medicine affect other medicines?

It is important to tell your doctor or pharmacist what medicines you are already taking, including those bought without a prescription and herbal medicines, before you start treatment with this medicine. Similarly, check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking any new medicines while taking this one, to make sure that the combination is safe.

There may be an increased risk of drowsiness and sedation if lormetazepam is taken with any of the following (which can also cause drowsiness):