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硫酸阿巴卡韦口服液|Ziagen (Abacavir Sulphate Oral Solution)

2011-06-17 18:30:21 作者：新特药房来源：中国新特药网天津分站浏览次数：261 文字大小：【大】【中】【小】

简介： 英文药名: Ziagen (Abacavir Sulphate Oral Solution) 中文药名: 硫酸阿巴卡韦口服液此药品需要处方生产厂家: Glaxo Smith Kline 药品名称【别名】赛进，硫酸阿巴卡韦，阿波卡伟【外文名】Abacavir ...

关键字：硫酸阿巴卡韦口服液|Ziagen (Abacavir Sulphate Oral Solution)

英文药名: Ziagen (Abacavir Sulphate Oral Solution)

中文药名: 硫酸阿巴卡韦口服液

此药品需要处方

生产厂家: Glaxo Smith Kline

药品名称

【别名】赛进，硫酸阿巴卡韦，阿波卡伟
【外文名】Abacavir Sulfate ，Ziagen

药理毒理

本品是一个新的碳环2‘-脱氧鸟苷核苷类药物，其口服生物利用度高，易渗入中枢神经系统与其他核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂一样，它是一个无活性的药，在体内经4个步骤代谢成为具活性的三磷酸酯，并通过以下2条途径发挥抑制人体免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)逆转录酶的作用：
①竞争性地抑制2‘-脱氧乌苷三磷酸酯(dGTP)(DNA合成片段之一)结合进入核酸链。
②通过阻止新碱基的加入而有效地终止DNA链的合成。

适应症

与其他抗爱滋病药物联合应用，治疗HIV感染的成年患者及3个月以上儿童患者。

用法用量

成人的推荐剂量为300 mg(1片)，每日2次。可在进食或不进食时服用。对于不宜服用片剂的病人，尚有口服溶液可供选择。
肾损害：肾功能不良的病人服用本品不必调整剂量，但晚期肾病患者应避免服用。
肝损害：阿巴卡韦主要经肝脏代谢。轻度肝脏受损患者不需调整剂量。对于中度肝脏受损患者，尚无服用本品的支持性资料，因此上述病人应避免使用。严重肝功能受损患者应禁止服用。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！

不良反应

主要有恶心、呕吐、不适及疲劳，口服液有轻微的胃肠道反应，没有引起胰腺炎、骨髓抑制、肾异常的病例。

注意事项

妊娠分级: C。任何已知对阿巴卡韦过敏，或对阿巴卡韦片中任何成份过敏的病人禁用本品。禁用于严重肝功能受损的病人。

药物相互作用

①由于其独特的代谢途径，本品对大多数细胞色素P450异构体无诱导及抑制作用，临床研究也未发现肝诱导作用，因此本品与其他药物发生相互作用的可能性较低。
②体外研究已证实，本品与那些抑制或被细胞色素P450同功酶代谢的药物如酮康唑及现有的HIV蛋白酶抑制剂和非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂无药物相互作用。而其他常用于抗HIV感染的药物如cotrimoxazole及大多数抗结核药物与本品的代谢途径不同，因此不改变本品的代谢。
③本品与大多数抗爱滋病药物如齐多夫定，奈韦拉平，拉米呋啶等有协同作用。
④研究发现，乙醇与本品之间无药代动力学的相互影响，因此饮酒的患者无须调整剂量。

规格

片剂：300mg；口服液：20mg/ml X 240ml。

Abacavir Sulfate Oral solution
What is this medicine?
ABACAVIR (a ba KA vir) is an antiretroviral medicine. It is used with other medicines to treat HIV. This medicine is not a cure for HIV. It will not stop the spread of HIV to others.

This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.

How should I use this medicine?
Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Use a specially marked spoon or dropper to measure each dose. Ask your pharmacist if you do not have one. Household spoons are not accurate. You may take this medicine with or without food. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. For your anti-HIV therapy to work as well as possible, take each dose exactly as prescribed. Do not skip doses or stop your medicine even if you feel better. Skipping doses may make the HIV virus resistant to this medicine and other medicines. Do not stop taking except on your doctor's advice.

A special MedGuide will be given to you by the pharmacist with each prescription and refill. Be sure to read this information carefully each time.

Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. While this drug may be prescribed for children as young as 3 months old for selected conditions, precautions do apply.

Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.

NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.

What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?
Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:

•allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue

•breathing problems, cough

•diarrhea

•fever or chills, sore throat

•nausea, vomiting, unusual stomach upset or pain

•redness, blistering, peeling or loosening of the skin, including inside the mouth

•unexplained weight loss

•unusually weak or tired

•weight gain around waist, back, or thinning of face, arms, legs

Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):

•headache

•loss of appetite

•trouble sleeping

This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What may interact with this medicine?
Do not take this medicine with any of the following medications:

•alcohol or alcohol containing products

This medicine may also interact with the following medications:

•any other medicine that contains abacavir

•methadone

This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.

What if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.

Where should I keep my medicine?
Keep out of the reach of children.

Store at room temperature between 20 and 25 degrees C (68 and 77 degrees F). Do not freeze. May be refrigerated. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.

NOTE:This sheet is a summary. It may not cover all possible information. If you have questions about this medicine, talk to your doctor, pharmacist, or health care provider.

What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:

•liver disease

•an unusual or allergic reaction to abacavir, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives

•pregnant or trying to get pregnant

•breast-feeding

What should I watch for while using this medicine?
Visit your doctor or health care professional for regular check ups. Discuss any new symptoms with your doctor. You will need to have important blood work done while on this medicine.

HIV is spread to others through sexual or blood contact. Talk to your doctor about how to stop the spread of HIV.

A small number of people may have a severe allergy to this medicine. Some symptoms are a skin rash, fever, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, severe tiredness, aches, or generally feeling sick. A list of these symptoms is on the Warning Card given to you by your pharmacist. You should carry this Warning Card with you. If you have these symptoms while taking this medicine, stop the medicine and call your doctor right away.

If you stop this medicine because you ran out of medicine or because you may have had an allergic reaction, talk to your doctor. Do not restart this medicine without your doctor's advice. Severe hypersensitivity reactions can occur within hours and may include life-threatening hypotension anddeath.