英文药名: Zonegran(zonisamide)

中文药名: 唑尼沙胺片剂

生产厂家: Eisai Inc.

药品名称

[药品名] 唑尼沙胺　　
[英文名] Zonisamide
适应症

对电休克或戊四唑诱发的癫痫模型的强直性惊原有抑制作用，其作用相似于苯妥英及卡马西平，且持续时间长，对癫痫病灶的异常放电有抑制作用。由于结构中有磺酰胺基，故对碳酸酐酶有抑制作用。
本品毒性低，雄性大鼠LD50值口服为1992，静注为705。长期毒性试验表明无严重毒性反应，只见轻微肝、肾影响，停药后可恢复。给大鼠等服高剂量时，发现有与其它抗癫痫药大体相同的致畸作用，抗原试验、变异原试验及致癌试验均为阴性。　　
本品口服易吸收，5?6小时达峰浓度，t1／2为60小时。反复用药无蓄积性。经肝脏与葡萄糖醛酸结合，最终自肾脏排泄。 本品适用于治疗癫痫大发作、小发作、局限性发作、精神运动性发作及癫痫持续状态。
用法用量

口服：成人最初每日l00?200mg，分1-3次服。在1-2周内增至每日200-400mg，分1-3次服。1日最大剂量为600mg。小儿最初1日剂量为2-4mg／kg，分1-3次服，在1?2周内增至每日4?8mg／kg，分1-3次服。1日最大剂量为12mg／kg。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
副作用　　

1．本品副作用主要为困倦、食欲不振、乏力、运动失调、白细胞降低，AST、ALT等值升高，偶见过敏反应、复视、视觉异常。
2．连续用药中不可急剧减量或突然停药。
3．服药过程中应定期检查肝、肾功能及血象。
4. 本品可引起注意力及反射运动能力降低，故司机、操作机器者慎用
5．孕妇禁用，哺乳期妇女慎用。
规格

片剂：每片100mg。
胶囊：每粒25mg,50mg,100mg。

Zonegran(zonisamide)

Manufactured by Eisai Inc.

Product Information

Zonegran (zonisamide) helps reduce the frequency of partial epileptic seizures, a form of epilepsy in which neural disturbances are limited to a specific region of the brain and the victim remains conscious throughout the attack. Zonegran (zonisamide) is used in combination with other antiseizure medications, not by itself. Do not stop taking Zonegran (zonisamide) on your own. If the doctor decides to discontinue Zonegran (zonisamide), he will tell you how to taper off slowly. Abrupt discontinuation of Zonegran (zonisamide)can cause seizures.

Zonegran capsules should be swallowed whole and can be taken with or without food. Store Zonegran (zonisamide) at room temperature in a dry place. Protect Zonegran (zonisamide) from light.

Zonegran (zonisamide) side effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity, inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine if it is safe for you to continue taking Zonegran (zonisamide).

More common Zonegran (zonisamide) side effects may include:
Abdominal pain, agitation, confusion, depression, diarrhea, difficulty concentrating, difficulty with memory, dizziness, double vision and other visual disturbances, drowsiness, fatigue, flu syndrome, headache, insomnia, irritability, loss of appetite, loss of muscle coordination, mental slowing, nausea, prickling or burning skin, rash, speech abnormalities, tiredness

Less common Zonegran (zonisamide) side effects may include:
Abnormal walk, accidental injury, alterations in taste sensation, anxiety, bruises, constipation, convulsions, difficulties in verbal expression, dry mouth, indigestion, nasal stuffiness, nervousness, psychotic behavior, rash, runny nose, sensitivity to touch, tremor, vomiting, weakness, weight loss

Rare Zonegran (zonisamide) side effects may include:
Abnormal dreams, abnormal hair growth, abnormal sense of smell, acne, allergic reaction, anemia, arthritis, black stools, bleeding gums, breast growth in males, chest pain, coughing up blood, decreased sex drive, dehydration, difficulty swallowing, dry skin, euphoria, eye problems, facial swelling or paralysis, fainting, fatigue, fluid retention, gallstones, gas, hair loss, hearing loss, heart irregularities and problems, high blood pressure, impotence, inability to breathe, incontinence, increased pressure in the eye, increased cough, inflammation of the gums and inside of the mouth, itching, jaundice, joint aches, leg cramps, low blood pressure, lupus erythematosus, malaise, mental problems, missed menstrual periods, movement disorders, muscle aches, muscle weakness, neck rigidity, nerve pain, painful breasts, painful urination, rapid heart rate, rash, rectal bleeding, ringing in the ears, skin disorders, sore throat, spasms, speech difficulties, stroke, sweating, thirst, twitching, urinary problems, uterine bleeding, vertigo, vomiting blood, weight gain

Do not take Zonegran (zonisamide) if you are allergic to sulfa drugs such as Bactrim.

If you develop a rash while taking Zonegran (zonisamide), call your physician immediately. It could be a sign of an allergic reaction.

Zonegran (zonisamide) may cause drowsiness. Do not drive a car or operate dangerous machinery until you know how Zonegran (zonisamide) affects you.

People who take Zonegran (zonisamide) are prone to develop kidney stones. To reduce the risk of stone formation, be sure to drink plenty of fluids. Call your doctor immediately if you develop symptoms of kidney stones such as back pain, abdominal pain, painful urination, or blood in the urine.

Call your doctor if you start to bruise easily or develop a fever, a sore throat, or blisters in the mouth. These could be signs of anemia or other blood problems that Zonegran (zonisamide) has been known to trigger in very rare cases.

Contact your doctor immediately if your seizures worsen.

Zonegran (zonisamide) may interfere with a child's ability to perspire and control body temperature, leading to a medical emergency. Zonegran (zonisamide) is not approved for use in children under 16.

If Zonegran (zonisamide) is taken with certain other drugs, the effects if either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before combining Zonegran (zonisamide) with the following:

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Phenobarbital
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Valproate (Depakote)

In most cases, Zonegran (zonisamide) should not be taken by pregnant women because there is a chance that it could harm the developing baby. If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant, tell your doctor immediately.

It is not known whether Zonegran (zonisamide) appears in breast milk, but because it could cause a serious reaction if it did, you'll probably need to make a choice between breastfeeding and continuing your Zonegran (zonisamide) therapy. Be sure to discuss the question with your doctor.

The recommended starting Zonegran (zonisamide) dose for adults over the age of 16 is 100 milligrams once a day.

Your physician may wish to increase the Zonegran (zonisamide) dose by 100 milligrams every 2 weeks to a maximum of 600 milligrams per day. Larger doses can be divided into two smaller doses taken twice a day.

Symptoms of Zonegran (zonisamide) overdose may include:
Diminished breathing, loss of consciousness, low blood pressure, slow heartbeat