英文药名: Alinia(Nitazoxanide Tablets) 中文药名: 硝唑尼特口服液 药品介绍 禁忌证 贮法:密闭、干燥,避光保存。 Nitazoxanide Oral suspension What is this medicine? NITAZOXANIDE (nye ta ZOX a nide) is an anti-infective. It is used to treat diarrhea caused by some parasites. What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine? They need to know if you have any of these conditions: How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take with food. Shake well before using. Use a specially marked spoon or dropper to measure each dose. Ask your pharmacist if you do not have one. Household spoons are not accurate. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. Take all of your medicine as directed even if you think you are better. Do not skip doses or stop your medicine early. Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. While this drug may be prescribed for children as young as 1 year old for selected conditions, precautions do apply. Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once. What if I miss a dose? If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, use only that dose. Do not use double or extra doses. What may interact with this medicine? •warfarin This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine. What should I watch for while using this medicine? Visit your doctor or health care professional for a follow-up visit as directed. You may need to have tests done to check that the infection is cleared. Tell your doctor if your symptoms do not start to get better or if they get worse. Practice good hygiene to prevent infection of others. Wash your hands, scrub your fingernails and shower often. Every day change and launder linens and undergarments. Scrub toilets often and keep floors clean. What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine? Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible: Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome): This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Where should I keep my medicine? Keep out of the reach of children. After this medicine is mixed by your pharmacist, store it at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Do not freeze. Keep container tightly closed. Throw away any unused medicine after 7 days. Romark大药厂1月10日宣布已经在美国开始开发Alinia(硝唑尼特,nitazoxanide) 片的新适应症—慢性丙型肝炎。 硝唑尼特治疗慢性乙肝最新疗效 硝唑尼特(Nitazoxanide,Alinia®, Romark Laboratories, L.C., Tampa, Fl, USA)是第一个thiazolide类药物,2002年在美国获得批准,用于治疗免疫功能健全的成人和儿童的小球隐孢子虫和蓝氏贾第虫感染。而现在大量的临床前及临床试验表明硝唑尼特对于乙肝病毒和丙肝病毒感染有活性。 抗病毒作用机制 硝唑尼特抗原虫和厌氧菌的作用机制是直接抑制丙酮酸铁氧还蛋白氧化还原酶反应。但其抗病毒作用机制与此不同。其作用机制可能是激活一种蛋白激酶,这种蛋白激酶可以被双链RNA激活,而这种蛋白激酶也是干扰素诱导的抗病毒反应的中介物质。这种蛋白激酶称为PKR,其激活导致底物真核启动因子2α(eIF2a)的磷酸化。硝唑尼特代表了一类新作用机制的抗病毒药,由于其针对宿主的抗病毒机制,因此发生病毒耐药的门槛要显著高于直接针对病毒的药物。 抗乙肝和丙肝病毒体外活性 最初是在应用硝唑尼特治疗艾滋病人原虫感染时偶然发现其具有抗肝病毒活性,其后应用标准的体外抗病毒检测方法证实了硝唑尼特及其代谢物替唑尼特的抗病毒活性。硝唑尼特和替唑尼特都是潜在的乙肝病毒抑制剂,与其它抗病毒药物如拉米夫定、阿德福韦联用具有协同效应,硝唑尼特和替唑尼特同样对耐受拉米夫定、阿德福韦的乙肝病毒变异体有效。此外,在以a- 和 1b基因型启动复制子的细胞和2a基因型细胞培养模型中,硝唑尼特和替唑尼特也是潜在的丙肝病毒抑制剂,与干扰素联用具有协同效应。以硝唑尼特预先处理丙肝病毒复制模型三天,使病毒对之后的干扰素治疗更敏感,这为正在进行的联合治疗之前采用硝唑尼特导入期的临床研究提供了依据。 治疗慢性乙肝 单独使用硝唑尼特治疗慢性乙肝(疗程为一年)的疗效已得到初步证明,每天两次,每次500mg硝唑尼特的给药方案使4名HBeAg阳性患者血清乙肝病毒 DNA水平全部出现下降,4名患者中2名患者乙肝病毒 DNA含量降低到检测水平以下,3名患者HBeAg转阴,1名患者HBsAg转阴。8名HBeAg阴性患者中7名患者乙肝病毒 DNA降低到检测水平以下,2名患者HBsAg转阴。另外,硝唑尼特单独治疗组有1例,硝唑尼特加阿德福韦联合治疗组也有1例患者在治疗后,获得了乙肝病毒 DNA低于检测水平,HBeAg和HBsAg抗原转阴的效果。这些初步研究结果显示硝唑尼特治疗HBsAg转阴率要高于目前已批准的其他任何乙肝治疗药物。与干扰素相似的作用机制提示,硝唑尼特单独使用或与核苷(酸)类似物联用都可能使HBsAg阴转率提高(治疗终极终点)。一项正式的Ⅱ期试验计划将于2009年启动(但检索尚未发现硝唑尼特治疗乙肝的临床试验注册信息)。 |
硝唑尼特口服悬浮液(Alinia,Nitazoxanide)简介:
英文药名: Alinia(Nitazoxanide Tablets)
中文药名: 硝唑尼特口服液
药品介绍 药品英文名 Nitazoxanide 药品别名 NTZ 药物剂型 片剂:500mg。口服混悬液60ml(每ml含20mg硝唑尼特)。 药理作用 ... 责任编辑:admin
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