美国FDA日前批准美金刚(NAMENDA)治疗中重度阿尔茨海默病,这也是第一个获FDA批准可治疗较严重阿尔茨海默病的药物 美金刚为N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸(NMA)受体拮抗剂,可通过阻断谷氨酸盐的作用而缓解阿尔茨海默病患者的症状。该药物使用较为安全,最常见不良反应为眩晕(7%)、头痛(6%)和便秘(6%)。 NAMENDA(美金刚HCl memantine hydrochloride)片剂,用于口服使用 NAMENDA(美金刚HCl memantine hydrochloride)溶液,用于口服使用 初始美国批准:2003 作用机制 已经假设通过兴奋性氨基酸谷氨酸对中枢神经系统N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体的持久激活有助于阿尔茨海默氏病的症状学。 美金刚假定通过其作为低至中等亲和力非竞争性(开放通道)NMDA受体拮抗剂发挥其治疗作用,其优先结合NMDA受体操作的阳离子通道。 没有证据表明美金刚预防或减缓阿尔茨海默病患者的神经变性 适应症和用法 NAMENDA是一种N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体拮抗剂,用于治疗阿尔茨海默型中度至重度痴呆。 剂量和给药 可以带或不带食物 初始剂量为5mg每日一次。以5mg增量将剂量增加至10mg的维持剂量,每日两次。在增加剂量之前应该观察到用前一剂量的至少1周的治疗。 重度肾损伤:推荐剂量为5 mg,每日两次 剂量形式和强度 片剂:5mg和10mg 口服溶液:2mg/mL 禁忌症 NAMENDA在对美金刚盐酸盐或制剂中使用的任何赋形剂已知过敏的患者中是禁忌的。 警告和注意事项 升高尿液pH的条件可以降低美金刚的尿消除,导致美金刚的血浆水平增加。 不良反应 最常见的不良反应(≥5%和大于安慰剂)是头晕,头痛,混乱和便秘。 Namenda (Generic name: Memantine Hydrochloride) is a new prescription medication used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). Alzheimer's disease causes physical changes in the brain that disrupt the flow of information and interfere with memory, thinking, and behaviour. It does NOT cure Alzheimer's disease (AD). But it improves memory, awareness, and the ability to perform daily functions. Memantine HCl is in a class of medications of cholinesterase inhibitors. It works by blocking the action of a certain natural substance in the brain (glutamate) that is believed to be linked to symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). NAMENDA ORAL SOLUTION Rx Generic Name and Formulations: Memantine HCl 2mg/mL; sugar-and alcohol-free; peppermint flavor. Company: Allergan
Select therapeutic use: Alzheimer's dementia Indications for NAMENDA ORAL SOLUTION: Moderate-to-severe dementia of the Alzheimer's type.
Adult: Initially 5mg once daily; titrate at intervals of at least 1 week to 5mg twice daily, then to 5mg and 10mg as separate doses, then to 10mg twice daily (prescribe Titration Pak for 1st 4 weeks). Severe renal impairment (CrCl 5–29mL/min): titrate to max 5mg twice daily.
Children: Not established.
Warnings/Precautions: Severe hepatic impairment. Alkalinized urine (eg, renal tubular acidosis, severe UTI) increases memantine serum levels. Seizure disorder. Pregnancy (Cat.B). Nursing mothers.
Interactions: Caution with other NMDA antagonists (eg, amantadine, ketamine, dextromethorphan). May affect or be affected by renally-excreted drugs (eg, triamterene, HCTZ, metformin, cimetidine, nicotine, ranitidine, quinidine). Plasma levels may be increased by urinary alkalinizers. Pharmacological Class: NMDA receptor antagonist.
Adverse Reactions: Headache, dizziness, confusion, diarrhea, constipation, hypertension, pain, somnolence, hallucination, urinary disorders, dyspnea.
Metabolism: Hepatic (partial).
Elimination: Renal.
Generic Availability: Tabs (YES); Oral soln, XR caps (NO)
How Supplied: Tabs—60; Titration Pak (28 x 5mg + 21 x 10mg)—1; Oral soln—360mL; XR caps 7mg, 21mg—30; 14mg, 28mg—30, 90; XR Titration Pak (7 x 7mg + 7 x 14mg + 7 x 21mg + 7 x 28mg)—1 --------------------------------------------------------------- 产地国家: 美国 原产地英文商品名: NAMENDA SOLUTION 10mg/5ml 360mls/bottle 原产地英文药品名: memantine HCl 中文参考商品译名: NAMENDA溶液 10毫克/5毫升 360毫升/瓶 中文参考药品译名: 盐酸美金刚 生产厂家中文参考译名: 森林实验室公司 生产厂家英文名: Forest Laboratories, Inc
--------------------------------------------------------------- 产地国家:美国 原产地英文商品名: NAMENDA SOLUTION 2mg/ml 360mls/bottle 原产地英文药品名: memantine HCl 中文参考商品译名: NAMENDA溶液 2毫克/毫升 360毫升/瓶 中文参考药品译名: 盐酸美金刚 生产厂家中文参考译名: 森林实验室公司 生产厂家英文名: Forest Laboratories, Inc
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