英文药名:Ciprobay(Ciprofloxacin HCL)

中文药名: 环丙沙星片

生产厂家: Bayer
药品名称
环丙沙星
别名：丙氟哌酸,悉复欣,环丙氟哌酸,悉复欢,适普灵 　
英 文 名：Ciprofloxacin (Cifran, Ciproxin, Ciflox)
药理毒理 　　
本品具广谱抗菌作用，尤其对需氧革兰阴性杆菌抗菌活性高，对下列细菌在体外具有良好的抗菌作用：肠科杆菌的大部分细菌，常对多重耐药菌也具有抗菌活性，对青霉素耐药的淋病奈瑟菌、产酶流感嗜血杆菌和莫拉菌属均具有高度抗菌活性。对铜绿假单胞杆菌等假单胞菌属的大多数菌株具抗菌作用。但对厌氧菌抗菌活性差。　　
环丙沙星为杀菌剂，通过作用于细菌DNA螺旋酶的A亚单位，抑制DNA的合成和复制而导致细菌死亡。
适应症　　
本品为合成的第三代喹诺酮类抗菌药物，具广谱抗菌活性，杀菌效果好，几乎对所有细菌的抗菌活性均较诺氟沙星及依诺沙星强2～4倍，对肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、淋球菌、链球菌、军团菌、金黄色葡萄球菌具有抗菌作用。
临床主要用于敏感菌所致的呼吸道、泌尿道、消化道、皮肤软组织等的感染及胆囊炎、胆管炎、中耳炎、副鼻窦炎、淋球菌性尿道炎等。对耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA)所致感染不能耐受万古霉素者，可选用本品作为联合用药之一。
用法用量　　
口服，成人0.2g/次，2～3次/日；亦有用法为0.5g～0.75g/次，1次/12小时。静滴，0.1g～0.2g/次，2次/日，可用生理盐水或葡萄糖注射液稀释，滴注时间不少于30分钟。任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
制剂/规格
环丙沙星悬浮液 10gm/100ml; 环丙沙星片 250mg; 500mg; 750mg 每片; 环丙沙星缓释片 500mg; 1000mg 每片; 环丙沙星氢化可的松滴耳滴眼液10ml Otic Drops.
副作用　　
1 常见的为恶心、腹上区隐痛及腹泻等。 　　
2 有头痛、烦躁和皮疹等。 　　
注意事项
(1）严重抑制茶碱的正常代谢，联合应用可引起茶碱的严重不良反应，应监测茶碱的血药浓度。对咖啡因、可能对华法林也有同样影响，应予注意。　　
（2）可与食物同服，但抗酸药则抑制本品吸收，应避免同服。　　
（3）对本品过敏者禁用,孕妇、授乳妇女和未成年者不宜用本品。

Ciprobay - Broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug of fluoroquinolone group with bactericidal action. Inhibits DNA gyrase and inhibits the synthesis of bacterial DNA.
Highly active against most gram-negative bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is active against Staphylococcus spp. (including strains producing and not producing penicillinase, methicillin-resistant strains), some strains of Enterococcus spp., Campylobacter spp., Legionella spp., Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Mycobacterium spp.
Ciprobay is active against bacteria producing beta-lactamases.
Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium difficile, Nocardia asteroides resistant to ciprofloxacin. The effect on Treponema pallidum is studied not enough.
Ciprobay is a broad-spectrum antiinfective agent of the fluoroquinolone class. Ciprobay has in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive.
The mechanism of action of quinolones, including ciprofloxacin, is different from that of other antimicrobial agents such as beta-lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, or aminoglycosides; therefore, organisms resistant to these drugs may be susceptible to ciprofloxacin. There is no known cross-resistance between Ciprobay and other classes of antimicrobials. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian.
Indication: For the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible organisms: urinary tract infections, acute uncomplicated cystitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, lower respiratory tract infections, acute sinusitis, skin and skin structure infections, bone and joint infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections(used in combination with metronidazole), infectious diarrhea, typhoid fever (enteric fever), uncomplicated cervical and urethral gonorrhea, and inhalational anthrax (post-exposure).
Ciprobay XR 500 mg: Acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections(acute cystitis) caused by Ciprobay susceptible organisms. Ciprobay XR 1 g: Complicated urinary tract infections including acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis caused by Ciprobay susceptible organisms. Consideration should be given to applicable official guidances on the appropriate use of antibacterial agents.
Ciprobay is an antibiotic. It is used to treat certain bacterial infections of the nose, lungs, skin, bones, joints, genitals, bladder and the digestive system.
Ciprobay is also used to treat certain sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Ciprobay belongs to a group of antibiotics called the quinolones. Uncomplicated and complicated infections caused by ciprofloxacin-sensitive pathogens: Infections of the respiratory tract.
In the treatment of outpatients with pneumonia due to Pneumococcus, Ciprobay should not be used as a drug of first choice.
Ciprobay can be regarded as an advisable treatment for pneumonias caused by Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, E. coli, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Branhamella, Legionella and Staphylococcus.
Infections of the middle ear (otitis media), of the paranasal sinuses(sinusitis), especially if these are caused by gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas or by Staphylococcus; eyes; kidneys and/or the efferent urinary tract; genital organs, including
adnexitis, gonorrhea, prostatitis ; abdominal cavity (eg, infections of the gastrointestinal tract or of the biliary tract, peritonitis); skin and soft tissue; bones and joints. Sepsis: Infections or imminent risk of infection (prophylaxis) in patients whose immune system have been weakened (eg, patients on immunosuppressants or have neutropenia). Selective intestinal decontamination in immunosuppressed patients. Prophylaxis of invasive infections due to
Neisseria meningitidis. Consideration should be given to applicable official guidances on the appropriate use of antibacterial agents.
Infections caused by pathogens which are sensitive to ciprofloxacin: Infections of the Respiratory Tract: In the treatment of outpatients with pneumonia due to Pneumococcus, Ciprobay should not be used as a 1st drug of choice. Ciprobay can be regarded as an advisable treatment for pneumonias caused by Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Branhamella, Legionella and Staphylococcus; of the middle ear (otitis media), of the paranasal sinuses (sinusitis), especially if these are caused by gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas or by Staphylococcus. Infections of the eyes; of the kidneys and/or urinary tract; of the reproductive organs, including gonorrhoea ; of the abdominal cavity (eg, bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, peritonitis); of the skin and soft tissue; of the bones and joints.
Septicaemia. Infections, or imminent risk of infection(prophylaxis), in immunocompromised patients (eg, those treated with immunosuppressants, patients with neutropenia). Administration for selective intestinal decontamination in patients treated with immunosuppressants. Ciprobay has a bactericidal action.
As a result of in vitro investigations, the following pathogens may be regarded as sensitive to Ciprobay: E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Hafnia, Edwardsiella, Proteus (indole-positive and indole-negative), Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia; Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Pasteurella, Haemophilus, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Neisseria, Moraxella, Branhamella, Acinetobacter, Brucella;
Staphylococcus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Listeria, Corynebacterium, Chlamydia. The following are sensitive in varying degrees: Gardnerella, Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes, Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium fortuitum. The following are generally resistant: Streptococcus faecium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Nocardia asteroides.
Anaerobes, apart from a few exceptions, vary from being moderately sensitive (eg, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus) to resistant (eg, Bacteroides). Ciprobay is not active against Treponema pallidum.
Infections caused by ciprofloxacin-sensitive pathogens: Infections of the Respiratory Tract: In the treatment of outpatients with pneumonia due to Pneumococcus, Ciprobay should not be used as a first choice of drug. Ciprobay can be regarded as an advisable treatment for pneumonias caused by Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Branhamella, Legionella and Staphylococcus. Middle ear (otitis media) and paranasal sinuses
(sinusitis), especially if these are caused by gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas or by Staphylococcus. Eyes; kidneys and/or the efferent urinary tract; genital organs, including gonorrhea ; abdominal cavity (eg, bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract or of the biliary tract, peritonitis); skin and soft tissue; bones and joints; sepsis. Infections or imminent risk of infection (prophylaxis) in the patients whose immune system
have been weakened (eg, patients on immunosuppressants or in a state of neutropenia). Selective intestinal decontamination in immunosuppressed patients. Ciprobay acts bactericidally. The following pathogens can be regarded as sensitive: Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Hafnia, Edwardsiella, Proteus (indole-positive and indole-negative), Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia; Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Pasteurella, Haemophilus, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, Brucella; Staphylococcus, Listeria, Corynebacterium, Chlamydia. The following show varying degrees of sensitivity: Neisseria, Gardnerella, Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Viridans group streptococci, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium fortuitum. The following are usually resistant: Enterococcus faecium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Nocardia asteroides.
Ciprobay is ineffective against Treponema pallidum. Uncomplicated and complicated infections caused by ciprofloxacin-sensitive pathogens: Infections of the Respiratory Tract: In the treatment of out-patients with pneumonia due to Pneumococcus, Ciprobay should not be used as a 1st drug of choice. Ciprobay can be regarded as an advisable treatment for pneumonias caused by Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Branhamella, Legionella and Staphylococcus. Infections of the middle ear (otitis media), of the paranasal sinuses (sinusitis), especially if these are caused by gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas or by Staphylococcus. Infections of the eyes; of the kidneys and/or urinary tract; of the reproductive organs, including adnexitis, gonorrhoea and prostatitis ; of the abdominal cavity (eg, bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, peritonitis); of the skin and soft tissue; of the bones and joints.
Sepsis. Infections, or imminent risk of infection (prophylaxis), in patients whose immune system has been weakened (eg, patients on immunosuppressants or in state of neutropenia). Selective intestinal decontamination in immunosuppressed patients. As a result of in vitro investigations, the following pathogens may be regarded as sensitive to Ciprobay: E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Hafnia, Edwardsiella, Proteus(indole-positive and indole-negative), Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia; Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Pasteurella, Haemophilus, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Neisseria, Moraxella, Branhamella, Acinetobacter, Brucella; Staphylococcus, Listeria, Corynebacterium, Chlamydia. The following show varying degrees of sensitivity: Gardnerella, Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium fortuitum. The following are mostly resistant: Enterococcus faecium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Nocardia asteroides. With a few exceptions, anaerobes are moderately sensitive (eg, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus) to resistant (eg, Bacteroides). Ciprobay is not active against Treponema pallidum.
Adults: Uncomplicated and Complicated Infections Caused by Ciprofloxacin-Sensitive Pathogens: Infections of the respiratory tract; middle ear (otitis media), of the paranasal sinuses(sinusitis), especially if these are caused by gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas or by Staphylococcus; infections of the eyes, kidneys and/or the efferent urinary tract, genital organs including adnexitis, gonorrhoea, prostatitis ; infections of the abdominal cavity (eg, of the gastrointestinal tract or biliary tract, peritonitis); infections of the skin and soft tissue, bones and joints; sepsis ; infections or imminent risk of infection(prophylaxis) in patients whose immune system has been weakened (eg, patients on immunosuppressants or have neutropenia); selective intestinal decontamination in immunosuppressed patients; prophylaxis of invasive infections due to Neisseria meningitidis. Ciprobay can be regarded as an advisable treatment for pneumonias caused by Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, E. coli, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Moraxella catarrhalis, Legionella and Staphylococcus.
Adolescents and Children: Ciprobay may be used in children for the 2nd- and 3rd-line treatment of complicated urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis due to E. coli (age range applied in clinical studies: 1-17 years) and for the treatment of bronchopulmonary infections of cystic fibrosis associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa(age applied in clinical studies: 5-17 years). Treatment in children should only be initiated after careful benefit/risk evaluation, due to possible adverse events related to joints and/or surrounding tissues. The clinical trials in children were performed only in the indications previously mentioned. For other indications, clinical experience is limited. Inhalational Anthrax (Post-Exposure) in Adults and in Children: To reduce the incidence or progression of disease following exposure to aerosolised Bacillus anthracis.
Indications: bacterial ear infections Lower Respiratory Tract Infections caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, or Streptococcus pneumoniae. Also, Moraxella catarrhalis for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Bone and Joint Infections caused by Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Skin and Skin Structure Infections caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Providencia stuartii, Morganella morganii, Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus(methicillin-susceptible), Staphylococcus epidermidis, or Streptococcus pyogenes. Typhoid Fever (Enteric Fever) caused by Salmonella typhi. Urinary Tract Infections caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia rettgeri, Morganella morganii, Citrobacter diversus, Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, or Enterococcus faecalis. Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis in females caused by Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis caused by Escherichia coli or Proteus mirabilis. Acute Sinusitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Moraxella catarrhalis. Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections (used in combination with metronidazole) caused by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Bacteroides fragilis.
Infectious Diarrhoea caused by Escherichia coli (enterotoxigenic strains), Campylobacter jejuni, Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri or Shigella sonnei when antibacterial therapy is indicated. Uncomplicated cervical and urethral gonorrhoea due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Uncomplicated and Complicated Infections Caused by Ciprofloxacin-Susceptible Pathogens: Infections of the Respiratory Tract: Treatment for pneumonias caused by Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp, Proteus spp, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus spp, Moraxella catarrhalis, Legionella and
staphylococci; infections of the middle ear (otitis media), of the paranasal sinuses (sinusitis), especially if these are caused by gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas aeruginosa or by staphylococci; infection of the eyes; infection of the kidneys and/or the efferent urinary tract; infections of the genital organs, including adnexitis, gonorrhea, prostatitis, infections of the abdominal cavity (eg, infections of the GIT or the biliary tract, peritonitis); infections of the skin and soft tissue; infections of the bones and joints; sepsis ; infections or imminent risk of infection (prophylaxis) in patients whose immune system has been weakened (eg patients on immunosuppressants or have neutropenia); and selective intestinal decontamination in immunosuppressed patients. Tablet: Prophylaxis of invasive infections due to Neisseria meningitidis. Children: Second- and third- line treatment of complicated UTI and pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli (age range applied in clinical studies: 1-17 years) and for the treatment of acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (age range applied in clinical studies: 5-17 years). Treatment should only be initiated after careful benefit/risk evaluation, due to possible adverse events related to joints and/or surrounding tissues. The clinical trials in children were performed in the indications previously mentioned. For other indications, clinical experience is limited. Inhalational Anthrax (Post-exposure) in Adults and in Children: To reduce the incidence or progression of disease following exposure to aerosolized Bacillus anthracis.
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产地国家: 德国
原产地英文商品名:
Ciprobay 500mg 28tablets
原产地英文药品名:
Ciprofloxacin HCL
中文参考商品译名:
环丙沙星片500毫克/片 28片/瓶
中文参考药品译名:
丙氟哌酸
生产厂家中文参考译名:
拜尔
生产厂家英文名:
Bayer Vital GmbH Geschäftsbereich Pharma