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英文药名：GLIMICRON（Gliclazide Tablets）
中文药名：格列奇特HA片
日文药名：グリミクロンHA錠
生产厂家：大日本住友制药
药品介绍：
药理作用
本品为第2代口服磺脲类降血糖药，作用较强，其机制与甲苯磺丁脲相似，即选择性地作用于胰岛β细胞，促进胰岛素分泌，并提高进食葡萄糖后的胰岛素释放。其作用比甲苯磺丁脲强10倍以上。近年来研究还发现本品尚有胰外作用，使周围组织对胰岛素作用增强。可能是胰岛素受体后的生物效应加强的结果，同时肝糖生成与输出亦受到抵制，使本品有胰外受体或受体后作用。另一种观点认为磺脲类药物能增加靶组织的胰岛素受体数量，提高外周靶组织对胰岛素的敏感性。本品经动物实验和临床使用证明能降低血小板聚集和黏附力，防止维蛋白沉积在微血管壁上，对糖尿病微血管病变有防治作用。有动物实验表明，长期使用本品能明显降低肝脏胆固醇，降低三酰甘油和脂肪酸。组织学检查表明，它可抵制由高胆固醇食物引起的动脉、尤其是冠状动脉的损伤，对减少糖尿病的心血管并发症有益。
药动学
口服由胃肠道迅速吸收，血浆药物浓度达峰时间为3～4h，其作用可维持24h，血浆蛋白结合率为94.2%，血浆半衰期为10～12h，口服后主要在肝脏代谢，代谢物无活性，约有60%～70%经尿排泄，10%～20%随粪便中排出，48h内排泄达98%，仅有剂量的5%以原形物经尿液中排出。
适应证
用于2型糖尿病患者，肥胖型糖尿病，老年性糖尿病及伴有心血管并发症的糖尿病。也可与胰岛素联合治疗胰岛素信赖性糖尿病。
禁忌证
1.幼年糖尿病者、严重酮体病者、酸中毒、糖尿病性前驱昏迷及严重肝肾功能衰竭者禁用。
2.对磺胺类药物过敏者禁用。
注意事项
妊娠及哺乳期妇女慎用。本品作用时间较长，一般每天应用2次即可。病情重者，每天可用至320mg。餐后血糖仍高者，可与双胍类或葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂等药物联用。
不良反应
过量偶见有低血糖，减量后即消失。不良反应还有胃肠反应如恶心、呕吐、上腹痛、头昏、便秘、腹泻，与食物同服可减少这些反应；黏膜皮肤反应在，偶见瘙痒、红斑、荨麻疹等皮肤过敏反应，大多数于停药后几天消失；血常规变经，偶见血小板减少、粒性白细胞缺乏、贫血等，大多数于停药后消失。
用法用量
口服初始剂量每次40～80mg，每天1～2次，以后根据血、尿糖水平调整至每天80～240mg，分2～3次服用，待血、尿糖控制后，每天改服维持量，老年患者酌减。重症时最大日剂量达0.32g，轻症时每天80mg每次服用已有疗效。疗程大都在3个月～1年，视病情需要而定。
药物相应作用
利尿剂、巴比妥可降低此药的活性。吡唑衍生物、水杨酸类药物、保泰松、磺胺药、双香豆素、单胺氧化酶抑制剂、苯二氮卓类药物、四环素、氯霉素、双环己乙哌啶、氯贝丁酯、青霉素、β受体拮抗剂如普萘洛尔（心得安)、乙醇等可能增强本药的降糖作用。与咪康唑合用，易导致低血糖昏迷。
グリミクロンHA錠20mg／グリミクロン錠40mg
商標名
GLIMICRON
一般的名称
グリクラジド錠
适合病症：胰岛素非依存型糖尿病
包装规格：
グリミクロンHA錠20mg：100錠(10錠×10)
グリミクロン錠40mg：100錠(10錠×10)，500錠(バラ)，500錠(10錠×50)，3,000錠(10錠×300)
製造販売元
大日本住友製薬株式会社
完整资料附件：http://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/pack/3961007F1115_1_08/
Manufacturer's name : Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co.,Ltd. 620002032
Revised: 07/2010
Brand name : GLIMICRON Tablets 40mg 20mg
Active ingredient: Gliclazide
Dosage form: white tablet (φ: 6.5mm, thickness: 2.2mm)
Printings on wrapping: グリミクロン錠, 40mg, 20mg P211
Effects of this medicine
This medicine works on the pancreas and stimulates insulin secretion in order to lower the blood glucose (sugar in the blood).
It is usually used to treat non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (maturity-onset type diabetes).
Before using this medicine, tell your doctor/pharmacist
If you ever experienced any allergic reaction (itch, rash etc.) to any medicine.
If you are in a state of ketosis (hyperventilation, loss of consciousness, shaky limbs, etc.), in a diabetic coma/precoma, or in perioperative period.
If you are a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hepatopathy, renal damage, infection, or digestive trouble.
If you are injured.
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
If you are using any other prescription or nonprescription (OTC) medicine. (It is important to reduce the risk of drug interactions.)
Dosage regimen (proper use of this medicine)
Your dosage regimen is:(order of your doctor)
General dosage regimen: For adults, start with 1 tablet (40mg of the active ingredient) in 1-2 divided doses a day (in the morning or both in the morning and in the evening), before or after meal. The maintenance dose is 1-3 tablet(s) (40-120mg) a day, and the maximum dose is 4 tablets (160mg) a day. Strictly follow the instructions of your doctor/pharmacist.
Missed dose: Skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. DO NOT take a double dose to make up for the missed dose.
Overdose: If you took too much of this medicine (more than ordered), check with your doctor/pharmacist.
Others: Do not stop taking this medicine without the instructions of your doctor.
Precautions while using this medicine
This medicine may cause you to have hypoglycemic symptoms (feeling of weariness, strong hungry feeling, cold sweat, palpitation, shaky limbs, decreased consciousness, etc.). Do not drive a car, work at heights, or operate dangerous machinery while taking it. If you have hypoglycemic symptoms without consciousness disorder, take sugar. If you take an α-glucosidase inhibitor (acarbose, voglibose, miglitol) with this medicine, take glucose. In addition, if you feel groggy, contact your doctor.
Follow your instructed dietary/exercise therapy.Please note that skipping/delaying a meal, excessive drinking of alcohol, vigorous exercise, diarrhea, or vomiting may cause hypoglycemic symptoms easily.
Side effects of this medicine
Common side effects are reported as below. If any of them occurs, check with your doctor/pharmacist: itch, rash, etc.In rare cases, symptoms described below may be the sign of side effects indicated in brackets. If they occur, stop taking your medicine and check with your doctor immediately.
feeling of weariness, severe hungry feeling, sweating[hypoglycemia]
sore throat, headache, high fever with chills or shiver[agranulocytosis]
generalized fatigability, loss of appetite, yellowness in the skin and the conjunctiva[liver dysfunction, jaundice]
Other side effects not listed here may occur. Check with your doctor/pharmacist if you have any worrisome symptom.
Storage and other information
Keep out of the reach of children. Store away from heat, moisture and direct sunlight.
Discard the remainder. Do not store them. Ask the pharmacist how to discard.
For further information, ask your doctor/pharmacist. "Kanjamuke Iyakuhin Guide" and Japanese package insert information (for medical professionals) is available on the website of Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency.
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