新型抗生素SIVEXTRO (tedizolid phosphate，磷酸泰地唑胺)注射和口服片剂获美国FDA批准上市
批准日期： 2014年6月20日；公司：Cubist Pharmaceuticals，Inc.
SIVEXTRO (Tedizolid磷酸酯)为注射，为静脉使用
SIVEXTRO (Tedizolid磷酸酯)片，为口服使用
美国初次批准：2014
适应证和用途
SIVEXTRO是一种恶唑烷酮类抗细菌药适用在成年为治疗由指定易感细菌所致急性细菌性皮肤和皮肤结构感染(ABSSSI)。
为减低耐药细菌的发生和维持SIVEXTRO和其他抗细菌药的有效性，SIVEXTRO只应用于治疗或预防被证明或强烈怀疑是被细菌所致感染。
剂量和给药方法
200 mg每天1次口服或作为静脉(IV)历时1小时输注给予共6天。
剂型和规格
⑴为注射：200mg，无菌，冻干粉在为静脉输注重建单次使用小瓶；
⑵片：200mg
禁忌证
无。
警告和注意事项
⑴患者有粒细胞减少：尚未曾适当地在有粒细胞减少(中性粒细胞计数<1000细胞/mm3)患者中评价SIVEXTRO的安全性和疗效。在一个感染的动物模型，SIVEXTRO的抗细菌活性在缺乏粒细胞时减低。中性粒细胞减少患者考虑替代疗法。
⑵难辨梭状芽孢杆菌[Clostridium difficile]-伴随腹泻：如发生腹泻评价。
不良反应
最常见不良反应(>2%)是恶心，头痛，腹泻，呕吐，和眩晕。

恶唑烷酮类新抗菌剂泰地唑胺获准治疗严重皮肤感染
2014年6月20日，美国FDA批准一种新的恶唑烷酮类抗菌剂Sivextro（tedizolid phosphate，磷酸泰地唑胺），用于治疗成人皮肤感染。
Sivextro被批准用于治疗敏感细菌引起的急性细菌性皮肤和皮肤结构感染（ABSSSI），包括金黄色葡萄球菌（包括耐甲氧西林菌株（MRSA）和甲氧西林敏感菌株），各种链球菌属和粪肠球菌。Sivextro可供静脉给药和口服使用。
Sivextro是过去一个月来FDA批准的第二个治疗ABSSSI的新抗菌药。5月23日，该机构曾经批准Dalvance（dalbavancin，达巴万星），也犹豫治疗由金黄色葡萄球菌和各种链球菌属感染所致的ABSSSI患者。
Sivextro的获准为医师和严重皮肤感染患者提供一种新的治疗选择。
Sivextro适用于治疗严重或危及生命的感染，被认定为合格的感染疾病药品（QIDP），并作快速审批。Sivextro的QIDP认定使之在美国获得食品，药品和化妆品法规定的（市场）排他期之外的5年市场独占权。

Cubist’s SIVEXTRO™ (tedizolid phosphate) Approved in U.S. to Treat Serious Skin Infections—Including Those Caused by MRSA

20, 2014 – Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: CBST) announced today the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved SIVEXTRO™ (tedizolid phosphate) for the treatment of adult acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI). SIVEXTRO addresses ABSSSI caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which has been categorized by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as a serious public health threat.
Administered once daily, SIVEXTRO offers an effective, short six-day course of therapy. SIVEXTRO is a novel oxazolidinone with in vitro activity against clinically significant susceptible Gram-positive pathogens including MRSA and is now approved in both an intravenous (I.V.) and oral formulations.
The New Drug Application (NDA) for SIVEXTRO was supported by two global Phase 3 studies, which met primary and secondary endpoints defined by the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). These studies demonstrated that SIVEXTRO 200 mg administered once daily for six days was statistically non-inferior to 600 mg of linezolid taken twice a day for 10 days.  In these studies, the adverse event rates were similar for patients treated with SIVEXTRO and linezolid. Gastrointestinal adverse events (diarrhea, nausea and vomiting) were the most commonly reported in both treatment groups.
SIVEXTRO is one of the first medicines approved in the U.S. that the FDA designated as a Qualified Infectious Disease Product (QIDP) for its indication, ABSSSI, according to the Generating Antibiotic Incentives Now (GAIN) Act of 2012. The QIDP designation qualifies SIVEXTRO for certain incentives related to the development of new antibiotics, including a five year extension of Hatch-Waxman exclusivity.
“We are pleased by the FDA approval of SIVEXTRO, which provides a new option for physicians to treat patients with serious bacterial skin infections, including those caused by MRSA,” said Michael Bonney, Chief Executive Officer of Cubist. “SIVEXTRO provides physicians with flexibility to transition patients from I.V. to oral treatment as required. The oral option provides opportunity for out-patient care, which could reduce the need for costly hospitalization. In addition, SIVEXTRO is one of at least four antibiotics Cubist hopes to deliver in support of the Infectious Diseases Society of America challenge to industry and policy makers to develop and approve 10 new antibiotics by 2020.”
"MRSA is still problematic in the U.S. and is responsible for the deaths of more than 11,000 Americans each year,” said Ralph Corey, M.D., Professor of Medicine and Infectious Disease, Duke Clinical Research Institute and Duke University Medical Center. “Not every antibiotic will work for every patient and more drug options are an imperative. Physicians should evaluate the use of SIVEXTRO. A six-day course of therapy with the option to choose—and, if needed—change from I.V. to oral administration is a welcome new development.”
“I am proud to have introduced the GAIN Act, which is one important piece of addressing the public health crisis of untreatable infections and drug-resistant pathogens,” said Senator Richard Blumenthal (D-CT). “Today’s announcement shows that we are starting to see new products enter the market – which is a promising step in addressing these life-threatening conditions. I look forward to working with my colleagues on other initiatives to continue the fight against deadly antimicrobial resistance.”
On March 31, 2014 an FDA Anti-Infective Drugs Advisory Committee (AIDAC) voted to recommend approval of SIVEXTRO. In the unanimous 14 - 0 decision, the AIDAC found that substantial evidence of the safety and effectiveness of SIVEXTRO for the treatment of ABSSSI was provided.
Patients seeking assistance may be eligible for AccessSIVEXTRO.
The EMA has accepted for review Cubist’s Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) for SIVEXTRO, for which the company is seeking approval for the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI). A decision from the European Commission is expected during the first half of 2015. Clinical studies are also ongoing for the potential use of SIVEXTRO in the treatment of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP)/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP).
Indication and Important Safety Information
Indication
SIVEXTROTM (tedizolid phosphate) is indicated for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by susceptible isolates of the following Gram-positive microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant [MRSA] and methicillin-susceptible [MSSA] isolates), Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus anginosus group (including Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus intermedius and Streptococcus constellatus), and Enterococccus faecalis.
Warnings and Precautions
Patients with neutropenia: The safety and efficacy of SIVEXTRO in patients with neutropenia (neutrophil counts <1000 cells/mm3) have not been adequately evaluated. In an animal model of infection, the antibacterial activity of SIVEXTRO was reduced in the absence of granulocytes.  Alternative therapies should be considered when treating patients with neutropenia.
Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea (CDAD), ranging from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis, has been reported with nearly all systemic antibacterial agents, including SIVEXTRO.  Evaluate all patients who present with diarrhea following SIVEXTRO use.
Development of drug-resistant bacteria: Prescribing SIVEXTRO in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug resistant bacteria.
Adverse Reactions
The most common adverse reactions for SIVEXTRO are nausea, headache, diarrhea, vomiting, and dizziness.
About Cubist
Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a global biopharmaceutical company focused on the research, development, and commercialization of pharmaceutical products that address significant unmet medical needs in the acute care environment. Cubist has a growing commitment to global public health through its leadership in the discovery, development and commercialization of novel antibiotics to treat serious and life-threatening infections caused by a broad range of increasingly drug-resistant bacteria. The Company hopes to deliver at least four new antibiotics in support of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) goal of 10 new antibiotics by 2020. Cubist expects to invest approximately $400M USD in 2014 on antibacterial R&D and approximately 75% of its employee base is focused on the research, development, commercialization and support of antibiotics.  In addition to a focus on Gram-positive pathogens, Cubist’s commitment also includes a focus on Gram-negative pathogens. In this regard, Cubist recently submitted the NDA to the FDA for approval of its investigational antibiotic ceftolozane/tazobactam, being developed to address certain Gram-negative bacteria, for the treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections (cUTI) and Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections (cIAI).
Cubist is headquartered in Lexington, Massachusetts, with a central international office located in Zurich, Switzerland. Additional information can be found at Cubist’s web site at www.cubist.com. Also, connect with Cubist on Twitter @cubistbiopharma and @cubistcareers, LinkedIn, or YouTube.
About Serious Skin, Skin Structure and Soft Tissue Infections
Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) are also referred to as complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI) (in Europe). These infections, which are a significant and growing problem throughout the world, involve deeper tissue or require surgical intervention (e.g., cellulitis, major cutaneous abscesses and infected wounds) or are associated with a significant underlying disease (e.g., diabetes or systemic immunosuppression) that complicates response to therapy. A variety of pathogens may be identified in ABSSSI/cSSTI but the two most common Gram-positive pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. The significant increase in the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), as well as community infections, has resulted in a need for therapies to address serious skin, skin structure and soft tissue infections that are effective against MRSA.