【药品名称】:留可然 【通 用 名】:苯丁酸氮芥片 【留可然生产企业】:Heumann PCS GmbH 【留可然规格】:2mg*25片 【留可然单位】:瓶 【留可然价格】:200元 【药品名称】 通用名称：苯丁酸氮芥片 商品名称：留可然 英文名称：Chlorambucil　Tablets 汉语拼音：Bendingsuandanjie Pian 【成份】 本品主要成份为苯丁酸氮芥。 【性状】 本品为白色或类白色纸型片。 【药理作用】 本品属氮芥类衍生物，具有双功能烷化剂作用，可形成不稳定的乙撑亚胺而发挥其细胞毒作用，干扰 DNA 和 RNA 的功能。在常规剂量下，其毒性较其他任何氮芥类药物小。对增殖状态的细胞敏感，特别对 G1 期与 M 期的作用最强，属细胞周期非特异性药物。对淋巴细胞有一定的选择性控制作用。 【药代动力学】 口服吸收完全，生物利用度大于 70% ，在 1 小时内，肝脏可达最高的组织浓度。其代谢产物苯乙酸氮芥于用药后 2 ～ 4 小时在血浆中达峰值，其血浆浓度与原形相当，半衰期 1 ～ 2 小时，药时曲线下面积大，具有双功能烷化剂作用。 24 小时内 60% 的药物随尿排出，其中 90% 为苯丁酸氮芥和苯乙酸氮芥的水解物。部分的药物分子有亲脂肪特性而储存于脂肪中，从而延长本品的临床作用时间。 【适应证】 霍奇金病，数种非霍奇金病淋巴瘤，慢性淋巴细胞性白血病，瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症，晚期卵巢腺癌。本品对于部分乳腺癌病人也有明显的疗效。 【用法用量】 每日 0.1 ～ 0.2mg/kg(6 ～ 10mg) 或（ 4 ～ 8mg/m2 ），每日 1 次或分 3 ～ 4 次口服，连用 3 ～ 6 周， 1 疗程总量可达 300 ～ 500mg 。 【不良反应】 骨髓抑制：属中等程度，主要表现为白细胞减少，对血小板影响较轻，但大剂量连续用药时可出现全血象下降。胃肠道反应：较轻，多为食欲减退、恶心，偶见呕吐。生殖系统反应：长期应用本品可致精子缺乏或持久不育，月经紊乱或停经。其他少见的不良反应尚包括中枢神经系统毒性、皮疹、脱发、肝损害及发热等，长期或高剂量应用可导致间质性肺炎。 【禁忌】 凡有严重骨髓抑制、感染者禁用，有痛风病史、泌尿道结石者慎用。对本品过敏者禁用。 【注意事项】 本品给药时间较长，疗效及毒性多在治疗3周以后出现，故应密切观察血相变化，并注意蓄积毒性。 【相互作用】 尚不明确。 【孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药】 本品有致突变、致畸胎作用，可造成胎儿死亡或先天畸形，故早孕妇女禁用。 【贮藏】 遮光、密封、在凉处保存。 【规格】 2mg 【包装】 包装材料和容器：棕色玻璃瓶 包装规格25片/瓶，或50片/瓶。 【批准文号】 注册证号H20090171 【生产企业】 德国赫曼大药厂(Heumann　PCS　GmbH) Leukeran(Chlorambucil) Chlorambucil is a powerful chemotherapy drug that is commonly used in treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Chlorambucil was formerly used against some types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, ovarian carcinoma, and others. It was also used as an immunosuppressive drug for a number of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including nephrotic syndrome. Nowadays, it is mainly used in cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Chlorambucil is sold by GlaxoSmithKline under the brand name Leukeran. It is prescribed for people suffering from Hodgkin's disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia, among others. There is a varying dosage for each type of condition. For example, for Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia, the initial requirement is 6-12 mg per day until leucopenia develops. Afterwards, the maintenance needed is 2-8 mg per day. Since Chlorambucil comes in 2 mg per brown tablet, the maintenance can range from one to four tablets per day. Chlorambucil, however, should be taken with proper consultation with the doctors. This is also best taken on an empty stomach with lots of water. Make sure also that you don’t chew or crush the tablet. In case you forget your dosage, do not take a double dosage on your next schedule. Inform your doctor and just continue with your usual dosage. Another case is if you vomit right after taking Chlorambucil, seek your doctor’s advice whether to take another or not. If you are under this medication, bruising or bleeding is normal occurrence. Since the blood would lose platelet production, the ability of the blood to clot is affected. It is necessary to contact your doctor if you experience bleeding gums or blood spots. Another major side effect is anemia. When you have anemia, you would feel tired more often. You would also feel as if you are always breathless. At the same time, nausea and vomiting may also be experienced. These can be controlled or lessened by some anti-emetic drugs. There would also be lowered resistance level. Because of this, you may be prone to illnesses like colds. While taking Chlorambucil, you may also lose your appetite; however, there are still some tips that your doctors and dieticians can give you so that you can maintain a good weight. On very rare cases, some people taking Chlorambucil develop mouth sore and ulcers, diarrhea, seizures, or fits, while some also report changes in food taste. There may also be effects on the liver, which are reversible after treatment. There are also some fertility issues with regards to taking Chlorambucil. That is why it is advised to discuss contraception before considering medication. Patients who are currently taking azidamfenicol are cautioned to take Chlorambucil. A combination of these drugs would result to additive toxicity. This is fatal and causes permanent damage. There might be additional medications prescribed alongside Chlorambucil to prevent or lessen the side effects. These may include anti-emetic drugs and anti-diarrhea drugs. In such cases, keep in mind that you should inform your doctors right away of any reaction of the drugs. Doctors may change prescribed medications. Chlorambucil is mutagenic: it can cause mutations in a person’s DNA. Pregnant women should also be aware that there are reports that fetus may be affected by it. To be safe, pregnant women are also advised to seek medical assistance on whether to breastfeed or not.