经证实，Samsca可以在用药后8小时内显著增加患者体内血钠水平，并且这一效果可以保持长达30天。因为肌酐清除率为10-79 mL/min的患者和那些未伴有肾损伤的患者对药物的应答情况以及药物对他们的作用效果相当，所以在用药时无需对药物剂量进行调整。但Samsca在治疗肌酐清除率小于10 mL/min的患者或那些正接受透析的患者方面的效果尚未被评估。
Otsuka公司总裁表示，Samsca的获准对该公司来说具有重大意义，这也为患者带来了一种全新有效的治疗药。
FDA Approves Samsca
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Samsca (tolvaptan) as the only oral selective vasopressin antagonist for the treatment of patients with clinically significant hypervolemic and euvolemic hyponatremia.
Samsca Medication Guide
Read the Medication Guide that comes with Samsca before you take it and each time you get a new prescription. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or your treatment. Share this important information with members of your household.
What is the most important information I should know about Samsca?
Samsca may make the salt (sodium) level in your blood rise too fast. This can increase your risk of a serious condition called osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS). ODS can lead to coma or death. ODS can also cause new symptoms such as:
- trouble speaking
- swallowing trouble or feeling like food or liquid gets stuck while swallowing
- drowsiness
- confusion
- mood changes
- trouble controlling body movement (involuntary movement) and weakness in muscles of the arms and legs
- seizures
You or a family member should tell your healthcare provider right away if you have any of these symptoms even if they begin later in treatment. Also tell you healthcare provider about any other new symptoms while taking Samsca.
You may be more at risk for ODS if you have:
- liver disease
- not eaten enough for a long period of time (malnourished)
- very low sodium level in your blood
- been drinking large amounts of alcohol for a long period of time (chronic alcoholism)
To lessen your risk of ODS while taking Samsca:
- Treatment with Samsca should be started and re-started only in a hospital, where the sodium levels in your blood can be checked closely.
- Do not take Samsca if you can not tell if you are thirsty.
- To prevent losing too much body water (dehydration), have water available to drink at all times while taking Samsca. Unless your healthcare provider tells you otherwise, drink when you are thirsty.
- If your healthcare provider tells you to keep taking Samsca after you leave a hospital, it is important that you do not stop and re-start Samsca on your own. You may need to go back to a hospital to re-start Samsca. Talk to your healthcare provider right away if you stop taking Samsca for any reason.
- It is important to stay under the care of your healthcare provider while taking Samsca and follow their instructions.
What is Samsca?
Samsca is a prescription medicine used to help increase low sodium levels in the blood, in adults with conditions such as heart failure, liver disease, and certain hormone imbalances. Samsca helps raise salt levels in your blood by removing extra body water as urine.
It is not known if Samsca is safe or works in children.
Who should not take Samsca?
Do not take Samsca if:
- the sodium level in your blood must be increased right away.
- you can not replace fluids by drinking or you can not feel if you are thirsty.
- you are dizzy, faint, or your kidneys are not working normally because you have lost too much body fluid.
- you take certain medicines. These medicines could cause you to have too much Samsca in your blood:
- the antibiotic medicines, clarithromycin (Biaxin, Biaxin XL) or telithromycin (Ketek)
- the antifungal medicines, ketoconazole (Nizoral) or itraconazole (Sporonox)
- the anti-HIV medicines, ritonavir (Kaletra, Norvir), indinavir (Crixivan), nelfinavir (Viracept), and saquinavir (Invirase)
- the antidepressant medicine, nefazodone hydrochloride
- your body is not able to make urine. Samsca will not help your condition.
What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking Samsca?
Tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you:
- have kidney problems and your body can not make urine.
- can not feel if you are thirsty. See "What is the most important information I should know about Samsca?"
- have any allergies. See the end of this Medication Guide for a list of the ingredients in Samsca.
- are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if Samsca will harm your unborn baby.
- are breast-feeding. It is not known if Samsca passes into your breast milk. You and your healthcare provider should decide if you will take Samsca or breast-feed. You should not do both.
Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
Using Samsca with certain medicines could cause you to have too much Samsca in your blood. See "Who should not take Samsca?"
Samsca may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how Samsca works.
Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine.
How should I take Samsca?
- See "What is the most important information I should know about Samsca?"
- Take Samsca exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
- Take Samsca one time each day.
- You can take Samsca with or without food.
- Do not drink grapefruit juice during treatment with Samsca. This could cause you to have too much Samsca in your blood.
- Certain medicines or illnesses may keep you from drinking fluids or may cause you to lose too much body fluid, such as vomiting or diarrhea. If you have these problems, call your healthcare provider right away.
- Do not miss or skip doses of Samsca. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Just take the next dose at your regular time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time.
- If you take too much Samsca, call your healthcare provider right away. If you take an overdose of Samsca, you may need to go to a hospital.
- If your healthcare provider tells you to stop taking Samsca, follow their instructions about limiting the amount of fluid you should drink.
What are the possible side effects of Samsca?
Samsca can cause serious side effects including:
- See "What is the most important information I should know about Samsca?"
- Loss of too much body fluid (dehydration). Tell your healthcare provider if you:
- have vomiting or diarrhea, and cannot drink normally.
- feel dizzy or faint. These may be symptoms that you have lost too much body fluid.
- Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract in people with liver disease. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have any of these bleeding symptoms:
- you vomit bright red blood
- you vomit dark blood clots, or material that looks like coffee-grounds
- your stools are black or look like tar
- you pass blood or stool mixed with blood
- your stool is bright red or has maroon colored blood in it
Call your healthcare provider right away, if you have any of these symptoms.
The most common side effects of Samsca are:
- thirst
- dry mouth
- weakness
- constipation
- making large amounts of urine and urinating often
- increased blood sugar levels
These are not all the possible side effects of Samsca. Talk to your healthcare provider about any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away while taking Samsca.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
How should I store Samsca?
Store Samsca between 59 °F to 86 °F (15 °C to 30 °C).
Keep Samsca and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General Information about Samsca
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use Samsca for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Samsca to other people, even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them.
This Medication Guide summarizes the most important information about Samsca. If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about Samsca that is written for healthcare professionals. For more information about Samsca, call 1-877-726-7220 or go to www.Samsca.com.
What are the ingredients in Samsca?
Active ingredient: tolvaptan.
Inactive ingredients: corn starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, lactose monohydrate, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose, and FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake as colorant.