【摘要】 【关键词】 贝伐单抗;角膜新生血管;治疗 Current research of Avastin in the treatment of corneal neovascularization Abstract Bevacizumab (Avastin) is a recombinant humanized monoclonal IgG antibody. Combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Avastin can inhibit neovascularization, it is used to treat carcinoma of rectum initially. Nowadays it used to treat the ocular neovascular disease. In this review, we introduced the basic and clinical study of Avastin in the treatment of corneal neovascularization. 0 引言 200506 Michels等[7]首次报道了Avastin在眼科的临床应用疗效以后,关于Avastin治疗角膜新生血管的研究相继出现。 Ahmed等[8]制作兔眼角膜碱烧伤模型,研究Avastin抑制其角膜新生血管的作用,方法:对照组结膜下注射生理盐水0.2cc,将实验组分为3组,一组用Avastin局部点眼,3次/d,二组结膜下注射Avastin 5mg,2d 1次,三组结膜下注射Avastin 10mg 2d 1次。3组新生血管均少于对照组,二,三组的新生血管明显少于一组,二、三组新生血管的数量无明显差异。因此认为Avastin结膜下注射较局部点眼抑制新生血管的疗效更好。 Papathanassiou等[9]制作兔眼角膜碱烧伤模型诱导角膜新生血管化,12只新西兰白兔分4组,一组不作处理,其余三组50g/L NaOH烧伤角膜后,二组在烧伤后14d结膜下注射生理盐水,三组在烧伤后14d结膜下注射Avastin 3.75mg(25mg/mL),四组在烧伤后立即结膜下注射Avastin 3.75mg(25mg/mL)。术后28d,二、三、四组角膜新生血管数量四组<三组<二组,差异有统计学意义,四组角膜新生血管基本消失,Avastin没有影响角膜的修复,没有发现其他并发症,因此认为结膜下注射Avastin治疗碱烧伤后角膜新生血管是有效的,愈早使用疗效愈好。但要取得最好的临床疗效还需要更多的研究以确定其最佳治疗剂量和时间。Hurmeric等[10]用750g/L硝酸银和250g/L硝酸钾烧伤豚鼠角膜制备角膜新生血管模型,一组于烧伤后当天和第3d分别结膜下注射Avastin (0.1mL,1.25mg),二组于烧伤后第3d和第5d分别结膜下注射Avastin (0.1mL,1.25mg),三组于烧伤后第3d和第5d分别结膜下注射0.1mL平衡盐液。10d后,角膜新生血管数目一组<二组<三组,因此得出结论,结膜下注射Avastin能够有效抑制化学烧伤后角膜新生血管,并且愈早用药疗效愈好。 Avastin治疗角膜新生血管有效剂量的研究相对较少,HabotWilner等[11]的研究认为使用 Avastin点眼治疗角膜新生血管,浓度<4mg/mL,其抑制新生血管的疗效与对照组相比差别无显著性(P<0.05)。Hashemian等[12]认为结膜下注射不同浓度(1mg/mL,5mg/mL,25mg/mL)Avastin 0.02mL治疗角膜新生血管是有效的,更低浓度的Avastin是否仍有效,还需要进一步研究。 Chen等[13]使用不同方法,包括角膜微囊袋法,机械损伤角膜缘,碱烧伤法制作角膜新生血管模型,给予结膜下注射Avastin (0.25~2.5mg)2次/wk,治疗2~8wk,结果显示,Avastin能够有效的抑制上述模型诱导的角膜新生血管,研究中还发现,用药后Avastin可扩散进入角膜基质中并存在数天,可减轻角膜的急性炎症反应。Saravia等[14]用兔眼角膜感染单纯疱疹病毒(HSV1)诱导角膜新生血管化,角膜伤口感染2d后在角膜缘开始出现新生血管,感染14d后角膜新生血管覆盖角膜中央区,感染后13d给予结膜下注射Avastin 10μL(25μg/μL),结果显示,单纯结膜下注射Avastin 10μL(25μg/μL)治疗HSK可以有效抑制角膜新生血管形成和角膜炎症反应,结膜下注射Avastin并未减少病毒的复制,但与传统抗炎药如皮质激素相比,Avastin不激活病毒,因此Avastin有可能成为HSK治疗中更新的,更有效的方法。Avastin联合传统用药治疗HSK是否疗效更好,副作用更少需要进一步研究。目前已有大量动物实验研究证实avastin能够有效抑制角膜新生血管[1519],普遍认为结膜下注射较局部点眼治疗角膜新生血管疗效更好,并且认为结膜下注射Avastin治疗碱烧伤后角膜新生血管,愈早使用疗效愈好,研究中没有发现Avastin治疗的明显副作用。但是Avastin作为治疗角膜新生血管性疾病的新药仍需大量基础实验研究其用药剂量、间隔及副作用,治疗禁忌等,以更好的指导临床。 根据目前的研究,Avastin可有效抑制各种原因所致角膜新生血管,其作为治疗角膜新生血管的新药,临床治疗过程中仍需谨慎,仍需要长期临床和基础实验研究以确保其用药的有效性和安全性。 【参考文献】 2 Cursiefen C, Rummelt C, Kuchle M. 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贝伐单抗治疗角膜新生血管的研究现况简介:
【摘要】 贝伐单抗(bevacizumab)(商品名Avastin) 是一种重组人源化单克隆IgG抗体,它与血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)高亲合力结合,抑制新生血管的生成,最初用于直 ... 关键字:贝伐单抗;角膜新生血管;治疗
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