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英文药名: Midamor (Amiloride Tablets)
中文药名: 阿米洛利片,氨氯比咪,盐酸阿米洛利,氨氯吡咪,蒙达清
药品名称
【别名】阿米洛利,氨氯比咪,盐酸阿米洛利,氨氯吡咪, 蒙达清
【外文名】Amiloride,Amipromizide, Guanamprazine,MIDAMOR,MK-870
规格
片剂：阿米洛利每片５ｍｇ。
氨氯比咪－氢氯噻嗪片：每片含氨氯比咪５ｍｇ、氢氯噻嗪５０ｍｇ。
适应症
保钾利尿的复方制剂具有阿米洛利留钾能力强，作用起始快，服用剂量小，持续时间长等特点，又有氢氯噻嗪利尿能力强的性能。用于高血压病，心力衰竭，肝硬化等病以致水肿和腹水。本品能增强氢氯噻嗪和利尿酸等利尿药的作用并减少钾的丢失。一般不单独应用。
作用机制
作用部位及作用机制与氨苯蝶啶相似，在远曲小管及集合管皮质段抑制Na+-H+和Na+-K+交换，亦非通过拮抗醛固酮而起作用，为目前排钠留钾利尿药中作用最强的药物。口服后4～8小时作用达高峰，可持续24～48小财。本品增加Na+、Cl的排泄和尿酸的排泄。主要以原形经肾脏排除。本品能增强氢氯噻嗪和利尿酸等利尿药的作用并减少钾的丢失。一般不单独应用。本品无降压作用。
用法用量
阿米洛利片: 1日量10～20mg，分2～3次服。
阿米洛利一氢氯噻嗪片(MODURET)：每片含阿米洛利5mg、氢氯噻嗪50mg，1日1次，1日1-2次。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
不良反应
1．单独使用时高钾血症较常见。
2．本药偶可引起低钠血症，高钙血症，轻度代谢性酸中毒。
3．胃肠道反应可有口干、恶心、呕吐、腹胀等不良反应。
4．还可见到头痛、头晕、胸闷、性功能下等不良反应。
5．过敏反应主要表现为：皮疹甚至呼吸困难。
禁忌
严重肾功能减退、高钾血症时禁用。
注意事项
（1）给药应个体化，从最小有效剂量开始使用，以减少电解质紊乱等副作用。
（2）对诊断的干扰：可使下列测定值升高：血糖（尤其是糖尿病患者），血肌酐，尿酸和尿素氮（尤其是老年人和已有肾功能损害者），血钾、镁及血浆肾素浓度。血钠浓度下降。
（3）下列情况慎用：
①少尿；
②肾功能损害；
③糖尿病；
④酸中毒和低钠血症。
（4）用药前应了解血钾浓度，但在某些情况下血钾浓度并不能真正反应体内钾潴量，如酸中毒时钾从细胞内转移至细胞外而易出现高钾血症，酸中毒纠正后血钾浓度即可下降。
（5）服药期间如发生高钾血症，应立即停药，并作相应处理。长期应用本品应定期查血钾、钠、氯水平。
（6）应于进食时或餐后服药，以减少胃肠道反应。
（7）如每日给药1次，应于早晨给药以免夜间排尿数增多。
孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药
（1）此药对孕妇有无不良作用尚不明确，如出现低钾血症应在医师指导下用药。
（2）尚无实验证实本药能否经乳汁分泌。
儿童用药
尚不明确。
老年患者用药
老年人应用本药较易出现高钾血症和肾损害等，用药期间应密切观察。
药物相互作用
（1）肾上腺皮质激素尤其是具有较强盐皮质激素作用者，促肾上腺皮质激素能减弱本药的利尿作用，而拮抗本药的潴钾作用。
（2）雌激素能引起水钠潴留，从而减弱本药的利尿作用。
（3）非甾体类消炎镇痛药，尤其是吲哚美辛，能降低本药的利尿作用，且合用时肾毒性增加。
（4）拟交感神经药物降低本药的降压作用。
（5）多巴胺加强本药的利尿作用。
（6）与引起血压下降的药物合用，利尿和降压效果均加强。
（7）且不宜与共他保钾利尿药或钾盐合用。与下列药物合用时，发生高钾血症的机会增加，如含钾药物、库存血（含钾20mmol/L，如库存10日以上含钾高达65mmol/L）、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂和环孢素A等。
（8）与葡萄糖胰岛素液、碱剂、钠型降钾交换树脂合用，发生高钾血症的机会减少。
（9）本药使地高辛半衰期延长。
（10）与氯化铵合用易发生代谢性酸中毒。
（11）与肾毒性药物合用，肾毒性增加。
（12）甘珀酸钠、甘草类制剂具有醛固酮样作用，可降低本药的利尿作用。
What is Generic Midamor (Amiloride)?
Generic Midamor (Amiloride) is a potassium-sparing diuretic (water pill) that prevents your body from absorbing too much salt and keeps your potassium levels from getting too low.Generic Midamor (Amiloride) is used to treat or prevent hypokalemia (low potassium levels in the blood).Generic Midamor (Amiloride) may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
What is the most important information I should know about Generic Midamor (Amiloride)?
Do not use this medication if you have kidney disease, urination problems, or high levels of potassium in your blood. Do not use potassium supplements or other diuretics while you are taking Generic Midamor (Amiloride). Before using this medication, tell your doctor if you have heart or liver disease, or a breathing disorder.Avoid drinking alcohol, which can increase some of the side effects of Generic Midamor (Amiloride). Avoid a diet high in salt. Too much salt will cause your body to retain water and can make this medication less effective.Do not use salt substitutes or low-sodium milk products that contain potassium. These products could cause your potassium levels to get too high while you are taking Generic Midamor (Amiloride). Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Follow your doctor's instructions about the type and amount of liquids you should drink. In some cases, drinking too much liquid can be as unsafe as not drinking enough.
What should I discuss with my doctor before taking Generic Midamor (Amiloride)?
Do not use this medication if you have: kidney disease or are unable to urinate; high potassium levels (hyperkalemia); orif you are taking potassium supplements, or another potassium-sparing diuretic such Moduretic, spironolactone (Aldactone, Aldactazide), or triamterene (Dyrenium, Dyazide, Maxzide).If you have certain conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take this medication.
Before using Generic Midamor (Amiloride), tell your doctor if you have:
diabetes;heart disease;cirrhosis or other liver disease;a breathing disorder; orif you are using another diuretic.
How should I take Generic Midamor (Amiloride)?
Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results from this medication.Take each dose with a full glass of water. Take Generic Midamor (Amiloride) with food. To be sure this medication is not causing harmful effects, your blood will need to be tested on a regular basis. Your kidney function may also need to be tested. It is important that you not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.Generic Midamor (Amiloride) can interfere with the results of a glucose tolerance test. Stop using this medication for at least 3 days before you have this test. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using Generic Midamor (Amiloride).
Store this medication at room temperature away from heat, light, and moisture. Do not allow the tablets to freeze.
What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
What happens if I overdose?Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include dizziness, thirst, feeling light-headed, slow heartbeat, or fainting.
What should I avoid while taking Generic Midamor (Amiloride)?
Avoid drinking alcohol, which can increase some of the side effects of Generic Midamor (Amiloride). Do not use salt substitutes or low-sodium milk products that contain potassium. These products could cause your potassium levels to get too high while you are taking Generic Midamor (Amiloride). Avoid a diet high in salt. Too much salt will cause your body to retain water and can make this medication less effective.Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Follow your doctor's instructions about the type and amount of liquids you should drink. In some cases, drinking too much liquid can be as unsafe as not drinking enough.
Side effects of Generic Midamor (Amiloride)
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects: numbness or tingly feeling;muscle pain or weakness;slow, fast, or uneven heartbeat;feeling drowsy, restless, or light-headed;urinating less than usual or not at all;dry mouth, increased thirst, tiredness, nausea, vomiting;shallow breathing;tremors, confusion; ornausea, stomach pain, low fever, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Less serious side effects may include:
headache;mild nausea, loss of appetite;gas, stomach pain; orskin rash.
What other drugs will affect Generic Midamor (Amiloride)?
Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune, Gengraf);tacrolimus (Prograf);lithium;an ACE inhibitor such as benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), ramipril (Altace), and others; orindomethacin or other NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), diclofenac (Voltaren), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), piroxicam (Feldene), nabumetone (Relafen), etodolac (Lodine), and others.This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with Generic Midamor (Amiloride). Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor. | 
