英文药名: Eltroxin(Levothyroxine Tablets)

中文药名: 左旋甲状腺素片,优甲乐,爱初新,特洛新

生产厂家: Glaxo Smith Kline

药品名称

药品名称:优甲乐片剂
成分:左甲状腺素钠 levothyroxine Na
药物分类:甲状腺素制剂
性状:左甲状腺素钠的化学名称为：4-氧-(4-羟基-3，5-二碘苯基)-3，5-二碘-L-酪氨酸钠。其分子式为：C15H10I4NaO4.H2O，分子量：799(无水物)。
本品为白色或类白色片。
药理作用

甲状腺素为碘化酪氨酸的衍化物，包括甲状腺素和三碘甲状腺原氨酸。正常人每日释放T4与T3量分别为75及25 ug。甲状腺素为人体正常生长发育所必需，其分泌不足或过量都可引起疾病。甲状腺功能不足时，躯体与智力发育均受影响，可致呆小病(克汀病)，成人甲状腺功能不全时，则可引起粘液性水肿。甲状腺素还能促进物质氧化，增加氧耗，提高基础代谢率，使产热增多。功能亢进时出现神经过敏、急躁、震颤、心率加快、心输出量增加等现象，因甲状腺素可增强心脏对儿茶酚胺的敏感性。
药代动力学

口服易吸收，血浆蛋白结合率均高达99%以上。但T3与蛋白质的亲和力低于T4，其游离量可为T4的10倍，T3作用快而强，维持时间短，而T4则作用慢而弱、维持时间长。半衰期较长，T4为8天，T3为1天，主要在肝、肾线粒体内脱碘，并与葡萄糖醛酸和硫酸结合而经肾排泄。
适应症

治疗甲状腺肿（甲状腺功能正常的甲状腺肿）；甲状腺肿切除术后服用，以预防甲状腺肿复发；治疗各种原因引起的甲状腺功能减退；甲状腺功能亢进症病人，药物治疗甲状腺功能正常时联合应用本药；甲状腺癌甲状腺切除术后；用于甲状腺抑制实验。
用法用量

个体日剂量应根据实验室以及临床检查来确定。对老年患者，冠心病患者，以及重度或长期甲状腺功能减退的病人，应特别注意使用甲状腺素治疗的开始阶段应选择较低的初始剂量，并缓慢增加服用剂量，经常定期监测血甲状腺素水平。经验表明，对于体重较轻的病人以及有大结节性甲状腺肿的病人，低剂量给药就有效。
儿童若心脏健康，治疗开始即应用全剂量，但在成人应以小剂量开始，逐渐增加至最佳剂量。
左甲状腺素钠片应于早餐前半小时，空腹，将1日剂量一次性用水送服。
通常情况下，甲状腺功能减退的病人，及甲状腺部分或全部切除术后的病人，会终生服药；对治疗甲状腺功能亢进时，其给药时间应与抗甲状腺药物给药时间一致。
用于甲状腺抑制实验，在重复扫描前14天使用。
左甲状腺素钠片的每日剂量：
甲状腺肿(甲状腺功能正常者) - 成人 75-200 ug，每日1次；青少年50-150 ug，每日1次。
预防甲状腺切除术后甲状腺肿复发 - 成人 75-200 ug，每日1次。
成人甲状腺功能减退 - 初始剂量25-50 ug，每日1次，间隔2-4周增加25-50 ug，维持剂量125-250 ug，每日1次。
儿童甲状腺功能减退 - 初始剂量12.5-50 ug/ m2体表面积，每日1次，维持剂量100-150 ug/m2体表面积，每日1次。
抗甲状腺功能亢进的辅助治疗 - 50-100 ug，每日1次。
甲状腺全切术后 - 150-300 ug，每日1次。
甲状腺抑制试验 - 200 ug，每日1次。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
不良反应

在用左甲状腺素钠片治疗时，如果按规定及按时服药一般不会出现不良反应。个别病例由于对剂量不耐受或者服用过量，特别是由于治疗开始时剂量增加过快，可能出现甲状腺功能亢进症状，包括手抖，心悸、心律不齐、多汗、腹泻、体重下降、失眠和烦躁。如果有任何不良反应的时候，应给予适当的处理。如果有甲状腺功能亢进的症状，必要时停药，直至不良反应消失后再从更小的剂量开始。
禁忌症

各种原因引起的甲状腺功能亢进患者禁用。但经药物治疗甲状腺功能恢复正常后可与本药联合应用。甲亢患者在妊娠期间一般不宜联合应用。
注意事项

对合并冠心病，心功能衰竭或者快速的心律不齐的患者必须注意避免过量应用左甲状腺素引起的甚至轻微的轻度甲亢症。
继发于垂体疾病的甲状腺功能减退症必须确定是否同时伴有肾上腺皮质功能不全，如果存在时，必须首先给糖皮质激素治疗。
服用左甲状腺素钠片对驾驶、操作机器，一般性质的工作没有明显影响。
孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药

在妊娠期及哺乳期需特别注意继续使用甲状腺素的治疗；妊娠期间不宜用左甲状腺素与抗甲状腺药物共同治疗甲状腺功能亢进症，因加用左甲状腺素会使抗甲状腺药物剂量增加。与左甲状腺素不同，抗甲状腺药物能通过胎盘而降低胎儿甲状腺功能。
老年患者用药

对老年病人应用左甲状腺素钠片在剂量上必须十分慎重，应从小剂量开始，剂量增加的间隔要长些，即缓慢增加服用剂量，且应定期监测血甲状腺素水平。
药物相互作用

左甲状腺素的使用可能会增强抗凝血药的作用，以及降低降血糖药的效果。
同时使用消胆胺和左甲状腺素治疗，消胆胺会抑制左甲状腺素的吸收，两药服用应间隔4-5小时。
快速静脉注射苯妥英可能导致游离的左甲状腺素和三碘甲腺原氨酸血浆浓度增加，个别情况可导致心律不齐。
水杨酸盐，双香豆素，大剂量速尿(250 mg)，安妥明等可促进左甲状腺素从其血浆蛋白结合位点上转换出来。

包装规格：

·0.05mg*250 片
·0.15mg*250 片
·0.1mg*250 片
·0.2mg*250 片
·0.3mg*250 片

Eltroxin
Eltroxin is contains the active ingredient thyroxine and belongs to a small group of medicines called thyroid hormones, commonly used for the treatment of the symptoms hypothyroidism. Eltroxin/Levothyroxine works by replacing the body's low levels of thyroxine. Eltroxin comes in category of drugs called also Levothyroxine. Eltroxin/Levothyroxine is being manufactured by Glaxo Wellcome's and is available in 0.2mg Tablets.

What are the most common problems for which Eltroxin/Levothyroxine is used?

Eltroxin/Levothyroxine is useful for the treatment of the thyroid cancer.

Eltroxin/Levothyroxine is more useful medicine for those people who suffered to enlarged thyroid glands known as goiter.

Eltroxin/Levothyroxine is used for the treatment of hypothyroidism, a disease that occurs when the thyroid gland is under active and unable to produce enough thyroxine hormones, which is takes role for controlling your metabolism. If you feel tiredness, muscle weakness, cramps, feeling the cold, a slow heart rate, dry and flaky skin, hair loss, a deep husky voice and weight gain may be you suffered symptoms of hypothyroidism.

Eltroxin/Levothyroxine is also used to treat children born with congenital hypothyroidism, those who develop hypothyroidism in the first year of life (neonatal) and children who have hypothyroidism as part of juvenile myxoedema, a condition in which your body unable to produce enough thyroxine hormones.

Eltroxin/Levothyroxine may also be used for relieve other conditions that determined by your doctor or consultant.

How does Eltroxin/Levothyroxine work?

Eltroxin/Levothyroxine contains the active ingredient thyroxine and belongs to a small group of medicines called thyroid hormones, commonly used for the treatment of the symptoms hypothyroidism. Eltroxin/Levothyroxine works by replacing the body's low levels of thyroxine. Thyroxine is one of the thyroid hormones produced by the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland produces and releases two hormones: thyroxine and liothyronine. In other areas of the body, thyroxine is converted to liothyronine, which is the more active form. These hormones are responsible for maintaining a normal rate of metabolism in the body. When the thyroid gland is unable to produce normal amounts of thyroxine, the level of thyroid hormones in the blood is decreased (hypothyroidism). Eltroxin/Levothyroxine acts in the body as a substitute for natural thyroid hormone. And work as a fuel some metabolic processes. This includes growth and development, and glucose, protein, and fat production in the body.

Is any prescription required to get Eltroxin/Levothyroxine?

Yes, prescription is necessary, one most not to use Eltroxin/Levothyroxine without prescription. Some times in such conditions Eltroxin/Levothyroxine is more harmful for health so, it is better to use Eltroxin/Levothyroxine under doctor's guidance or according to your medical consultant.

Dosages of Eltroxin/Levothyroxine?

Eltroxin/Levothyroxine Tablets always take under doctor's guidance. The recommended starting dosages of Eltroxin/Levothyroxine Tablets will be different for different patients and taken once daily per day. You continue to take it for as long as your doctor prescribes it. Anybody should take the recommended oral dosage of Eltroxin/Levothyroxine Tablets is taking an empty stomach with a full glass of water.

What is the minimum duration for which Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should be taken?

The duration of taking Eltroxin/Levothyroxine is not constant; it depends according to the problem. Your doctor or consultant can describe you better about the time period for which duration Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should be taken or until the medication is deemed effective. Your dose may need to be gradually decreased by your doctor.

Are there any side effects of Eltroxin/Levothyroxine?

Possible side effects that occur during the uses of Eltroxin/Levothyroxine:

Skin rash
Itching
Hives
Swelling of the face, lips, mouth or throat
Difficulty breathing
Swallowing
Fever
Low blood pressure
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Palpitations
Irregular heartbeat
Chest pain
Sweating
Flushing
Weight loss
Muscle cramps
Weakness
Tremors
Rapid breathing
Fever
Headache
Inability to sleep
Feeling restless
Feeling excited
Under what circumstances Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used?

If you have an allergy to Eltroxin/Levothyroxine Tablets or any other ingredients of this medicine, then should not be used.

If you have suffering to the problem of Diabetes, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have suffering to the problem of Heart disease, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have suffering to the problem of High blood pressure, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have suffering to the problem of under active adrenal glands, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have taking drugs for epilepsy, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have taking Drugs for mental depression, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have taking Drugs to relieve asthma attacks, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have taking Drugs used for weight reduction, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have suffering to pregnancy or plan to be pregnant, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

If you have suffering to breastfeeding, Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should not be used without consulting of doctor.

Under which storage conditions Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should be kept?

Eltroxin/Levothyroxine should be stored in cupboard at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Do not store Eltroxin/Levothyroxine Tablets in the bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places. Keep always Eltroxin/Levothyroxine medicine out of the reach of children.

Major drug Manufacturers

GlaxoSmithKline