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当前位置:药品说明书与价格首页 >> 肿瘤 >> 脑癌 >> 药品推荐 >> TEMODAR Caps/INJECTION(temozolomide)替莫唑胺胶囊/注射剂

TEMODAR Caps/INJECTION(temozolomide)替莫唑胺胶囊/注射剂

2017-08-18 07:52:21  作者:新特药房  来源:互联网  浏览次数:1  文字大小:【】【】【
简介: Temodar(temozolomide 替莫唑胺)胶囊已被批准用于治疗难治性中隔性星形细胞瘤的成人患者。Temodar是美国在二十年来首次批准用于这种类型的脑肿瘤的新化疗药物。批准日期:*** 公司:默克公司TEMODA ...

Temodar(temozolomide 替莫唑胺)已被批准用于治疗难治性中隔性星形细胞瘤的成人患者。Temodar是美国在二十年来首次批准用于这种类型的脑肿瘤的新化疗药物。
批准日期:*** 公司:默克公司
TEMODAR(替莫唑胺[temozolomide])胶囊
TEMODAR(替莫唑胺[temozolomide])注射,通过静脉滴注给予注射用
美国初步批准:1999年
作用机制
替莫唑胺不是直接活性的,而是在生理pH下进行快速非酶转化为活性化合物5-(3-甲基三氮嗪-1-基) - 咪唑-4-甲酰胺(MTIC)。 认为MTIC的细胞毒性主要是由于DNA的烷基化引起的。 烷基化(甲基化)主要发生在鸟嘌呤的O6和N7位置。
适用范围及用途
TEMODAR是一种烷基化药物,用于治疗成人患者:
新诊断的多形性成胶质细胞瘤(GBM)伴随放射治疗,然后作为维持治疗。
耐药性间变性星形细胞瘤患者在含有亚硝基脲和丙卡巴肼的药物方案中经历疾病进展。
剂量和管理
新诊断的GBM:伴随局灶性放射治疗42天,每次75mg/m2,随后在28天的TEMODAR周期的第1-5天每日一次,维持剂量为150mg/m2,持续6个周期。
耐火性间变性星形胶质细胞瘤:每28天治疗周期连续5天,每日一次,首次剂量为150mg/m2。
在90分钟内作为静脉内输注的TEMODAR的推荐剂量与口服胶囊制剂的剂量相同。仅当注射用TEMODAR超过90分钟时才建立生物等效性。
剂量形式和强度
胶囊:5mg,20mg,100mg,140mg,180mg和250mg。
注射用粉末:100mg。
禁忌症
对任何TEMODAR组分或达卡巴嗪(DTIC)已知超敏反应。
警告和注意事项
骨髓抑制 - 在给药和整个治疗之前监测绝对中性粒细胞计数(ANC)和血小板计数。老年患者和女性发生骨髓抑制的风险较高。
已经观察到骨髓增生异常综合征和继发性恶性肿瘤的病例,包括骨髓性白血病。
肺炎球菌肺炎(PCP)-所有接受TEMODAR和放射治疗的患者均需要PCP预防,用于治疗新诊断的多形性成胶质细胞瘤的42天方案。
所有患者,特别是那些接受类固醇的患者,应密切观察淋巴细胞减少症和PCP的发展。
应按照规定在整个治疗过程中获得完整的血液计数。
肝毒性 - 致命和严重的肝毒性已被报道。在每个后续循环之前,在最后一次TEMODAR剂量后约2-4周内,在基线,第一周期中途进行肝功能检查。
当对孕妇进行管理时,可能会发生胎儿伤害。建议妇女在接受TEMODAR时避免怀孕。
由于生物等效性仅在给予90分钟以上才能建立,因此在更短或更长的时间内输注可能导致次优剂量;输注相关不良反应增加的可能性不能排除。
不良反应
最常见的不良反应(≥10%发生率)是:脱发,疲劳,恶心,呕吐,头痛,便秘,厌食,抽搐,皮疹,偏瘫,腹泻,虚弱,发烧,头晕,协调异常,病毒感染,遗忘症失眠。
替莫唑胺治疗期间发展最常见的3-4级血液学实验室异常(≥10%发生率)为:淋巴细胞减少,血小板减少症,中性粒细胞减少症和白细胞减少。
过敏反应也有报道。
药物相互作用
丙戊酸:减少替莫唑胺的口服清除率。
在特定人口中使用
护理母亲:不推荐
儿科用途:无确定使用。
肝/肾损伤:当对严重的肾或肝损伤的患者进行TEMODAR时,应谨慎行事。
包装规格/存储和处理[以下产品不同规格和不同价格,采购以咨询为准]
提供
TEMODAR(替莫唑胺)胶囊
5毫克:  5粒装- NDC 0085-3004-03 14粒装- NDC 0085-3004-04
20毫克: 5粒装-NDC 0085-1519-03  14粒装-NDC 0085-1519-04
100毫克:5粒装- NDC 0085-1366-03  14粒装- NDC 0085-1366-04
140毫克:5粒装- NDC 0085-1425-03 14粒装- NDC 0085-1425-04
180毫克:5粒装- NDC 0085-1430-03 14粒装 0085-1430-04
250毫克:5粒装-NDC 0085-1417-02
注射用TEMODAR:
用于注射的TEMODAR(替莫唑胺)在含有100mg替莫唑胺的一次性玻璃小瓶中提供。冻干粉末为白色至浅棕色/浅粉红色。
注射用TEMODAR 100 mg:NDC 0085-1381-01
存储
在25°C(77°F)下储存TEMODAR胶囊;偏移允许为15-30°C(59-86°F)[见USP受控室温]。
储存TEMODAR,用于2-8°C(36-46°F)冷藏。重建后,在室温(25°C [77°F])下储存重组产物。重组产品必须在14小时内使用,包括输液时间。
安全处理和处置
在TEMODAR的处理和准备中应该小心。小瓶和胶囊不应打开。如果小瓶或胶囊意外打开或损坏,应对内容物采取严格的预防措施,以避免吸入或与皮肤或粘膜接触。建议使用手套和安全眼镜,以避免在小瓶或胶囊破裂的情况下接触。 应当考虑适当处理和处置抗癌药物的程序{1-4}。已经出版了关于这个问题的几个指导方针.


完整说明书附件:https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=046a9011-3911-4d3f-a15f-fbb56d5aad56
General Information
Temodar (temozolomide) capsules have been approved for the treatment of adult patients with refractory anaplastic astrocytoma. Temodar is the first new chemotherapy agent for this type of brain tumor approved in the U.S. in 20 years.
The median survival time for patients with this disease ranges from two to three years from the time of initial diagnosis. Despite intensive treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, these patients almost invariably experience tumor recurrence, often within a year of completing first-line therapy. The annual incidence of anaplastic astrocytoma in the United States is one to 1.5 cases per 100,000 persons, with 2,000 to 3,000 new cases diagnosed per year.
Side Effects
In the clinical study, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia was the dose-limiting adverse event. The most common side effects were nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, and constipation.
Mechanism of Action
Temodar, an oral cytotoxic alkylating agent, is the lead agent in a new class of compounds known as imidazotetrazines. Cytotoxic agents are designed to prevent the replication of cells that divide rapidly, including those in tumors.
TEMODAR Rx
Generic Name and Formulations:
Temozolomide 5mg, 20mg, 100mg, 140mg, 180mg, 250mg; caps.
Company:
Merck & Co., Inc.
Indications for TEMODAR:
Newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. Refractory anaplastic astrocytoma.
Adult:
See full labeling for monitoring and dose adjustment guidelines. IV: Infuse over 90 mins. Oral caps: Swallow whole with water; take on empty stomach at bedtime to reduce nausea, pretreat with antiemetics. Glioma: Concomitant phase, for newly diagnosed: 75mg/m2 daily for 42 days with focal radiotherapy; Maintenance phase, Cycle 1: 150mg/m2 once daily for 5 consecutive days, then 23 days off; for Cycles 2 through 6: increase to 200mg/m2 once daily for 5 consecutive days if tolerated, then 23 days off. Anaplastic astrocytoma: 150mg/m2 once daily for 5 consecutive days per 28-day treatment cycle; increase dose in subsequent cycles to 200mg/m2 for 5 consecutive days if tolerated; continue until disease progression, discontinue if minimum dose not tolerated.
Children:
Not established.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to dacarbazine.
Warnings/Precautions:
Myelosuppression (higher risk in women or elderly, esp. in 1st cycle). Do not begin therapy unless hematology (ANC and platelets) is acceptable. Do CBC prior to treatment initiation and on Day 22 of each cycle or within 48 hours of that day; repeat weekly until recovery if ANC or platelets fall below acceptable limits. Perform LFTs at baseline, midway through Cycle 1, prior to each subsequent cycle, and 2–4wks after last dose. Screen for HBV infection prior to initiation. Monitor for signs of hepatitis or HBV reactivation during and several months after treatment; discontinue if occurs. Glioblastoma: monitor for and provide prophylaxis against P. carinii pneumonia (PCP). Severe renal or hepatic impairment. Avoid inhalation, and skin/mucous membrane contact, of capsule contents. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.D), nursing mothers: not recommended.
Interactions:
Concomitant carbamazepine, phenytoin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim may complicate myelosuppression assessment. May be potentiated by valproic acid.
See Also:
TEMODAR INJECTION
Pharmacological Class:
Alkylating agent.
Adverse Reactions:
Alopecia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, headache, convulsions, rash, hemiparesis, diarrhea, asthenia, fever, dizziness, abnormal coordination, viral infection, amnesia, insomnia, edema; myelosuppression (may be dose-limiting; see full labeling), hepatotoxicity (may be fatal).
How Supplied:
Caps 5mg, 20mg, 100mg, 140mg 180mg—5, 14; 250mg—5; Single-use vials—1

责任编辑:p53


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