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硫酸奎尼丁片(Quinidine sulfate Tablets)

2011-10-06 03:08:56  作者:新特药房  来源:互联网  浏览次数:408  文字大小:【】【】【
简介: 英文药名: Quinidine sulfate Tablets 中文参考药名: 硫酸奎尼丁片 生产厂家: Not available 药品名称 【中文名称】:硫酸奎尼丁 【英文名称】:Quinidine Sulfate 【别名】: 奎尼丁, 硫酸奎尼丁 ...

英文药名: Quinidine sulfate Tablets

中文参考药名: 硫酸奎尼丁片

生产厂家: Not available

药品名称

【中文名称】:硫酸奎尼丁
【英文名称】:Quinidine Sulfate
【别名】: 奎尼丁, 硫酸奎尼丁
【外文名】: Quinidine
【所属类别】:抗心律失常药\抗心动过速型\Ⅰ类--钠通道阻滞药
药理作用

直接抑制心肌Na+内流,显著延长心肌不应期。抑制心肌自律性和传导性,从而有助于消除折返。降低心肌应激性,提高致颤阈。此外,还可抑制心肌细胞Ca2+内流和阻滞血管?受体,出现负性肌力作用和血管扩张,双重影响使血压明显降低。用药早期,其血药浓度低时,主要表现对植物神经的间接作用,即抗胆碱(阿托品样)作用;当血药浓度达稳态时,则直接作用占优势。用于房颤和房扑电转复前的准备和转为窦性心律后预防复发;减少或预防阵发性室上性心动过速和室性心动过速的复发。
适应症

1.主要用于阵发性心动过速、心房颤动、早博。
2.预防室性心动过速及对房室结折返性心动过速。
3.还可预防有症状的室上性和室性早博。
用法用量

①房颤或房扑复律: 先口服0.2g,观察1小时,如无不良反应,次日改为0.2g,每2小时1次,共服5次;如仍无效,且无不良反应,第3日改为0.3g,每2小时1次,共服5次。尚未转复为窦性心律可再用一日,0.4g,每2小时1次,共服5次,如仍无效,视为失败。转为窦性心律后,改为维持量0.2g,每日3~4次或缓释胶囊0.3g,每日2次。频发房件或室件早搏:口服0.2g,每日3~4次或缓释胶囊0.3g,每日2次。
②1.口服:第1日,每次0.2g,每2小时1次,连续5次;如无效而又无明显毒性反应,第2日增至每次0.3g、第3日每次0.4g,每2小时1次,连续5次。每日总量一般不宜超过2g。恢复正常心律后,改给维持量,每日0.2~0.4g。若连服3~4日无效或有毒性反应者,应停药。
2.静注:在十分必要时采用,并需在心电图监护下进行。每次0.25g,以5%葡萄糖液稀释至50ml缓慢静注。小儿每次每千克体重2mg。
任何疑问,请遵医嘱!
不良反应

①恶心、腹泻、腹痛、呕吐及厌食、耳鸣、耳聋、视力模糊、神经错乱、谵妄等。
②皮疹、发热、血小板减少、溶血性贫血、白细胞减少及肉芽肿性肝炎。
③心律失常加重:频发室性早搏,室性心动过速和室颤,扭转型室性心动过速,严重窦性心动过缓,窦房阻滞,甚至窦性停搏,传导阻滞加重。
④心律转为正常时,可诱发血栓脱落,产生体循环栓塞。
⑤心肌收缩力减弱和低血压。
注意事项

1.与地高辛合用,由于奎尼丁可减少地高辛的经肾排泄而增加地高辛的血药浓度,故联合应用时,应减少地高辛的用量。
2.与扩血管或降血压药并用,本品之作用增强。
3.与苯妥英钠、苯巴比妥、利福平并用,可降低本品血药浓度;若与甲氰咪胍并用,可提高血药浓度。
4.与抗凝药合用可使血中凝血酶原进一步减少,需注意调整剂量。
5.由于本品具有抗胆碱能作用,使房室结传、导加速。因此,在治疗房颤或房扑时,应预服洋地黄类药物,以免心室率加快,促发心力衰竭。
6.治疗期间,应定期测定QT和QRS时间。当QRS时间>25%~35%,QT或QTU间期>500毫秒时,宜减量或调整治疗。
7.与胺碘酮、索他洛尔或其他延长QT间期的药物并用,必须特别谨慎,最好避免。
8.服后有恶心、呕吐、腹泻、头痛、耳鸣、视觉障碍等不良反应,特异体质者服药后可有呼吸困难、发绀、心室颤动和心室停搏。
9.用于纠正心房颤动、心房扑动时,应先给洋地黄饱和量,以免心律转变后心跳加快,导致心力衰竭。
10.每次给药前,应仔细观察心律和血压改变,并避免夜间给药。在白日给药量较大时,夜间也应注意心律及血压。
11.患心房颤动的病人,在用药过程中,当心律转至正常时,可能诱发心房内血栓脱落,产生栓塞性病变,如脑栓塞、肠系膜动脉栓塞等,应严密观察。
12.对于有应用奎尼丁的指征,但血压偏低或处于休克状态的病人,应先提高血压、纠正休克,然后再用。如血压偏低是由于心动过速、心脏排血量小所造成,则应一面提高血压,一面使用奎尼丁。
13.严重心肌损害的病人和孕妇忌用。
14.静注常引起严重的低血压,有较大的危险性,并可导致晕厥,甚至猝死,需特别注意。
15.奎尼丁的毒性反应一般与剂量有关。但对本品过敏者,虽用小量,亦可发生严重反应。

Quinidine Sulfate Oral tablet

What is this medicine?

QUINIDINE (KWIN i deen) is an antiarrhythmic drug. It helps make your heart beat regularly. This medicine also helps to slow rapid heartbeats. It is also used to treat certain types of malaria.
 
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.

What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?

They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
•heart disease or previous heart attack
•kidney disease
•liver disease
•low blood pressure
•lung or breathing disease, like asthma
•myasthenia gravis
•you have a pacemaker
•an unusual or allergic reaction to quinidine, quinine, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
•pregnant or trying to get pregnant
•breast-feeding

How should I use this medicine?

Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. You can take this medicine with or without food. Take your doses at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. Do not stop taking this medicine suddenly. This may cause serious, heart-related side effects. Your doctor will tell you how much medicine to take. If your doctor wants you to stop the medicine, the dose will be slowly lowered over time to avoid any side effects.

Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.

Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.

What may interact with this medicine?

Do not take this medicine with any of the following medications:
•abarelix
•amiloride
•amoxapine
•apomorphine
•arsenic trioxide
•certain antifungal medicines like itraconazole or ketoconazole
•certain quinolone antibiotics
•cisapride
•droperidol
•haloperidol
•hawthorn
•levomethadyl
•maprotiline
•medicines for malaria like chloroquine and halofantrine
•medicines for mental depression such as tricyclic antidepressants
•mefloquine
•methadone
•other medicines to control heart rhythm
•pentamidine
•phenothiazines like chlorpromazine, mesoridazine, thioridazine
•pimozide
•ranolazine
•sertindole
•vardenafil
•voriconazole
•ziprasidone

This medicine may also interact with the following medications:
•acetazolamide
•antacids
•barbiturates, like phenobarbital
•cimetidine
•diuretics
•medicines for high blood pressure or angina
•medicines for surgery that relax muscles or block pain
•methazolamide
•phenytoin
•prescription pain medicines like codeine and hydrocodone
•rifampin
•sodium bicarbonate
•warfarin

This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.

What should I watch for while using this medicine?

Visit your doctor or health care professional for regular checks on your progress. Wear a medical ID bracelet or chain, and carry a card that describes your disease and details of your medicine and dosage times.

Check your blood pressure and pulse rate regularly. Ask your health care professional what your blood pressure and pulse rate should be, and when you should contact him or her. Your doctor or health care professional also may schedule regular blood tests and electrocardiograms to check your progress.

You may get drowsy or dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs mental alertness until you know how this medicine affects you. Do not stand or sit up quickly, especially if you are an older patient. This reduces the risk of dizzy or fainting spells. Alcohol may interfere with the effect of this medicine. Avoid alcoholic drinks.

This medicine can make you more sensitive to the sun. Keep out of the sun. If you cannot avoid being in the sun, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen. Do not use sun lamps or tanning beds/booths.

What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?

Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
•breathing problems
•changes in vision
•confusion
•feeling faint or lightheaded
•fever
•headache
•irregular heartbeat
•nausea, vomiting
•pain on swallowing
•skin rash, peeling or loose skin
•ringing in the ears
•unusual bruising or bleeding
•unusually weak or tired

Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
•diarrhea
•flushing of the skin with intense itching
•heartburn
•loss of appetite
•stomach pain

This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Where should I keep my medicine?

Keep out of the reach of children.

Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Protect from light and moisture. Keep container tightly closed. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.

责任编辑:admin


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